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Did the COVID-19 pandemic affect levels of burnout, anxiety and depression among doctors and nurses in Bangladesh? A cross-sectional survey study

Hayley Hutchings Orcid Logo, Mesbah Rahman, Kym Carter Orcid Logo, Saiful Islam Orcid Logo, Claire O'Neill, Stephen Roberts Orcid Logo, Ann John Orcid Logo, Greg Fegan, Umakant Dave, Neil Hawkes, Faruque Ahmed, Mahmud Hasan, Abul Kalam Azad, Md Mujibur Rahman, Md Golam Kibria, M Masudur Rahman, Titu Mia, Mahfuza Akhter, John Williams

BMJ Open, Volume: 14, Issue: 3, Start page: e079350

Swansea University Authors: Hayley Hutchings Orcid Logo, Kym Carter Orcid Logo, Saiful Islam Orcid Logo, Claire O'Neill, Stephen Roberts Orcid Logo, Ann John Orcid Logo, Greg Fegan, John Williams

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DOI (Published version): 10.1136/bmjopen-2023-079350

Abstract

Introduction COVID-19 has caused severe disruption to clinical services in Bangladesh but the extent of this, and the impact on healthcare professionals is unclear. We aimed to assess the perceived levels of anxiety, depression and burnout among doctors and nurses during COVID-19 pandemic.Methods We...

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Published in: BMJ Open
ISSN: 2044-6055 2044-6055
Published: BMJ 2024
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A cross-sectional survey study</title><swanseaauthors><author><sid>bdf5d5f154d339dd92bb25884b7c3652</sid><ORCID>0000-0003-4155-1741</ORCID><firstname>Hayley</firstname><surname>Hutchings</surname><name>Hayley Hutchings</name><active>true</active><ethesisStudent>false</ethesisStudent></author><author><sid>1b1870c5c1ec66eed0bf209e50a6ee25</sid><ORCID>0000-0003-0691-6282</ORCID><firstname>Kym</firstname><surname>Carter</surname><name>Kym Carter</name><active>true</active><ethesisStudent>false</ethesisStudent></author><author><sid>4157d27b800a8357873bdfc9c71bd596</sid><ORCID>0000-0003-3182-8487</ORCID><firstname>Saiful</firstname><surname>Islam</surname><name>Saiful Islam</name><active>true</active><ethesisStudent>false</ethesisStudent></author><author><sid>78bf9b61781a4a50eb8055e96a18180a</sid><firstname>Claire</firstname><surname>O'Neill</surname><name>Claire O'Neill</name><active>true</active><ethesisStudent>false</ethesisStudent></author><author><sid>cb60dd928f72fe7ea03595dab995f070</sid><ORCID>0000-0001-7981-520X</ORCID><firstname>Stephen</firstname><surname>Roberts</surname><name>Stephen Roberts</name><active>true</active><ethesisStudent>false</ethesisStudent></author><author><sid>ed8a9c37bd7b7235b762d941ef18ee55</sid><ORCID>0000-0002-5657-6995</ORCID><firstname>Ann</firstname><surname>John</surname><name>Ann John</name><active>true</active><ethesisStudent>false</ethesisStudent></author><author><sid>a9005418b89918776f3d8895ba42e850</sid><firstname>Greg</firstname><surname>Fegan</surname><name>Greg Fegan</name><active>true</active><ethesisStudent>false</ethesisStudent></author><author><sid>911a5c03419acf47eab0844e2cd5ab7f</sid><firstname>John</firstname><surname>Williams</surname><name>John Williams</name><active>true</active><ethesisStudent>false</ethesisStudent></author></swanseaauthors><date>2024-03-07</date><deptcode>HDAT</deptcode><abstract>Introduction COVID-19 has caused severe disruption to clinical services in Bangladesh but the extent of this, and the impact on healthcare professionals is unclear. We aimed to assess the perceived levels of anxiety, depression and burnout among doctors and nurses during COVID-19 pandemic.Methods We undertook an online survey using RedCap, directed at doctors and nurses across four institutions in Bangladesh (The Sheikh Russel Gastro Liver Institute &amp; Hospital (SRNGIH), Dhaka Medical College Hospital (DMCH), Mugda Medical College Hospital (MMCH) and M Abdur Rahim Medical College (MARMC) Hospital). We collected information on demographics, awareness of well-being services, COVID-19-related workload, as well as anxiety, depression and burnout using two validated questionnaires: the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS) and the Maslach Burnout Inventory (MBI).Results Of the 3000 participants approached, we received responses from 2705 (90.2%). There was a statistically significant difference in anxiety, depression and burnout scores across institutions (p&lt;0.01). Anxiety, depression and burnout scores were statistically worse in COVID-19 active staff compared with those not working on COVID-19 activities (p&lt;0.01 for HADS anxiety and depression and MBI emotional exhaustion (EE), depersonalisation (DP) and personal accomplishment (PA)). Over half of the participants exhibited some level of anxiety (SRNGIH: 52.2%; DMCH: 53.9%; MMCH: 61.3%; MARMC: 68%) with a high proportion experiencing depression (SRNGIH: 39.5%; DMCH: 38.7%; MMCH: 53.7%; MARMC: 41.1%). Although mean burnout scores were within the normal range for each institution, a high proportion of staff (almost 20% in some instances) were shown to be classified as experiencing burnout by their EE, DP and PA scores.Conclusion We identified a high prevalence of perceived anxiety, depression and burnout among doctors and nurses during the COVID-19 pandemic. This was worse in staff engaged in COVID-19-related activities. These findings could help healthcare organisations to plan for future similar events.</abstract><type>Journal Article</type><journal>BMJ Open</journal><volume>14</volume><journalNumber>3</journalNumber><paginationStart>e079350</paginationStart><paginationEnd/><publisher>BMJ</publisher><placeOfPublication/><isbnPrint/><isbnElectronic/><issnPrint>2044-6055</issnPrint><issnElectronic>2044-6055</issnElectronic><keywords/><publishedDay>7</publishedDay><publishedMonth>3</publishedMonth><publishedYear>2024</publishedYear><publishedDate>2024-03-07</publishedDate><doi>10.1136/bmjopen-2023-079350</doi><url/><notes/><college>COLLEGE NANME</college><department>Health Data Science</department><CollegeCode>COLLEGE CODE</CollegeCode><DepartmentCode>HDAT</DepartmentCode><institution>Swansea University</institution><apcterm>SU Library paid the OA fee (TA Institutional Deal)</apcterm><funders>This study was funded by Swansea University through their Global Challenges Research Fund. Grant number: N/A.</funders><projectreference/><lastEdited>2024-04-24T20:17:37.1059324</lastEdited><Created>2024-03-07T10:43:40.2699111</Created><path><level id="1">Faculty of Medicine, Health and Life Sciences</level><level id="2">Swansea University Medical School - Health Data Science</level></path><authors><author><firstname>Hayley</firstname><surname>Hutchings</surname><orcid>0000-0003-4155-1741</orcid><order>1</order></author><author><firstname>Mesbah</firstname><surname>Rahman</surname><order>2</order></author><author><firstname>Kym</firstname><surname>Carter</surname><orcid>0000-0003-0691-6282</orcid><order>3</order></author><author><firstname>Saiful</firstname><surname>Islam</surname><orcid>0000-0003-3182-8487</orcid><order>4</order></author><author><firstname>Claire</firstname><surname>O'Neill</surname><order>5</order></author><author><firstname>Stephen</firstname><surname>Roberts</surname><orcid>0000-0001-7981-520X</orcid><order>6</order></author><author><firstname>Ann</firstname><surname>John</surname><orcid>0000-0002-5657-6995</orcid><order>7</order></author><author><firstname>Greg</firstname><surname>Fegan</surname><order>8</order></author><author><firstname>Umakant</firstname><surname>Dave</surname><order>9</order></author><author><firstname>Neil</firstname><surname>Hawkes</surname><order>10</order></author><author><firstname>Faruque</firstname><surname>Ahmed</surname><order>11</order></author><author><firstname>Mahmud</firstname><surname>Hasan</surname><order>12</order></author><author><firstname>Abul Kalam</firstname><surname>Azad</surname><order>13</order></author><author><firstname>Md Mujibur</firstname><surname>Rahman</surname><order>14</order></author><author><firstname>Md Golam</firstname><surname>Kibria</surname><order>15</order></author><author><firstname>M Masudur</firstname><surname>Rahman</surname><order>16</order></author><author><firstname>Titu</firstname><surname>Mia</surname><order>17</order></author><author><firstname>Mahfuza</firstname><surname>Akhter</surname><order>18</order></author><author><firstname>John</firstname><surname>Williams</surname><order>19</order></author></authors><documents><document><filename>65787__29658__3ac58ba79d5d4a69b0b94a33989c4fba.pdf</filename><originalFilename>e079350.full.pdf</originalFilename><uploaded>2024-03-07T10:56:35.9087953</uploaded><type>Output</type><contentLength>647167</contentLength><contentType>application/pdf</contentType><version>Version of Record</version><cronfaStatus>true</cronfaStatus><documentNotes>© Author(s) (or theiremployer(s)) 2024. 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spelling v2 65787 2024-03-07 Did the COVID-19 pandemic affect levels of burnout, anxiety and depression among doctors and nurses in Bangladesh? A cross-sectional survey study bdf5d5f154d339dd92bb25884b7c3652 0000-0003-4155-1741 Hayley Hutchings Hayley Hutchings true false 1b1870c5c1ec66eed0bf209e50a6ee25 0000-0003-0691-6282 Kym Carter Kym Carter true false 4157d27b800a8357873bdfc9c71bd596 0000-0003-3182-8487 Saiful Islam Saiful Islam true false 78bf9b61781a4a50eb8055e96a18180a Claire O'Neill Claire O'Neill true false cb60dd928f72fe7ea03595dab995f070 0000-0001-7981-520X Stephen Roberts Stephen Roberts true false ed8a9c37bd7b7235b762d941ef18ee55 0000-0002-5657-6995 Ann John Ann John true false a9005418b89918776f3d8895ba42e850 Greg Fegan Greg Fegan true false 911a5c03419acf47eab0844e2cd5ab7f John Williams John Williams true false 2024-03-07 HDAT Introduction COVID-19 has caused severe disruption to clinical services in Bangladesh but the extent of this, and the impact on healthcare professionals is unclear. We aimed to assess the perceived levels of anxiety, depression and burnout among doctors and nurses during COVID-19 pandemic.Methods We undertook an online survey using RedCap, directed at doctors and nurses across four institutions in Bangladesh (The Sheikh Russel Gastro Liver Institute & Hospital (SRNGIH), Dhaka Medical College Hospital (DMCH), Mugda Medical College Hospital (MMCH) and M Abdur Rahim Medical College (MARMC) Hospital). We collected information on demographics, awareness of well-being services, COVID-19-related workload, as well as anxiety, depression and burnout using two validated questionnaires: the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS) and the Maslach Burnout Inventory (MBI).Results Of the 3000 participants approached, we received responses from 2705 (90.2%). There was a statistically significant difference in anxiety, depression and burnout scores across institutions (p<0.01). Anxiety, depression and burnout scores were statistically worse in COVID-19 active staff compared with those not working on COVID-19 activities (p<0.01 for HADS anxiety and depression and MBI emotional exhaustion (EE), depersonalisation (DP) and personal accomplishment (PA)). Over half of the participants exhibited some level of anxiety (SRNGIH: 52.2%; DMCH: 53.9%; MMCH: 61.3%; MARMC: 68%) with a high proportion experiencing depression (SRNGIH: 39.5%; DMCH: 38.7%; MMCH: 53.7%; MARMC: 41.1%). Although mean burnout scores were within the normal range for each institution, a high proportion of staff (almost 20% in some instances) were shown to be classified as experiencing burnout by their EE, DP and PA scores.Conclusion We identified a high prevalence of perceived anxiety, depression and burnout among doctors and nurses during the COVID-19 pandemic. This was worse in staff engaged in COVID-19-related activities. These findings could help healthcare organisations to plan for future similar events. Journal Article BMJ Open 14 3 e079350 BMJ 2044-6055 2044-6055 7 3 2024 2024-03-07 10.1136/bmjopen-2023-079350 COLLEGE NANME Health Data Science COLLEGE CODE HDAT Swansea University SU Library paid the OA fee (TA Institutional Deal) This study was funded by Swansea University through their Global Challenges Research Fund. Grant number: N/A. 2024-04-24T20:17:37.1059324 2024-03-07T10:43:40.2699111 Faculty of Medicine, Health and Life Sciences Swansea University Medical School - Health Data Science Hayley Hutchings 0000-0003-4155-1741 1 Mesbah Rahman 2 Kym Carter 0000-0003-0691-6282 3 Saiful Islam 0000-0003-3182-8487 4 Claire O'Neill 5 Stephen Roberts 0000-0001-7981-520X 6 Ann John 0000-0002-5657-6995 7 Greg Fegan 8 Umakant Dave 9 Neil Hawkes 10 Faruque Ahmed 11 Mahmud Hasan 12 Abul Kalam Azad 13 Md Mujibur Rahman 14 Md Golam Kibria 15 M Masudur Rahman 16 Titu Mia 17 Mahfuza Akhter 18 John Williams 19 65787__29658__3ac58ba79d5d4a69b0b94a33989c4fba.pdf e079350.full.pdf 2024-03-07T10:56:35.9087953 Output 647167 application/pdf Version of Record true © Author(s) (or theiremployer(s)) 2024. This is an open access article distributed in accordance with the Creative Commons Attribution Non Commercial (CC BY- NC 4.0) license. true eng http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/
title Did the COVID-19 pandemic affect levels of burnout, anxiety and depression among doctors and nurses in Bangladesh? A cross-sectional survey study
spellingShingle Did the COVID-19 pandemic affect levels of burnout, anxiety and depression among doctors and nurses in Bangladesh? A cross-sectional survey study
Hayley Hutchings
Kym Carter
Saiful Islam
Claire O'Neill
Stephen Roberts
Ann John
Greg Fegan
John Williams
title_short Did the COVID-19 pandemic affect levels of burnout, anxiety and depression among doctors and nurses in Bangladesh? A cross-sectional survey study
title_full Did the COVID-19 pandemic affect levels of burnout, anxiety and depression among doctors and nurses in Bangladesh? A cross-sectional survey study
title_fullStr Did the COVID-19 pandemic affect levels of burnout, anxiety and depression among doctors and nurses in Bangladesh? A cross-sectional survey study
title_full_unstemmed Did the COVID-19 pandemic affect levels of burnout, anxiety and depression among doctors and nurses in Bangladesh? A cross-sectional survey study
title_sort Did the COVID-19 pandemic affect levels of burnout, anxiety and depression among doctors and nurses in Bangladesh? A cross-sectional survey study
author_id_str_mv bdf5d5f154d339dd92bb25884b7c3652
1b1870c5c1ec66eed0bf209e50a6ee25
4157d27b800a8357873bdfc9c71bd596
78bf9b61781a4a50eb8055e96a18180a
cb60dd928f72fe7ea03595dab995f070
ed8a9c37bd7b7235b762d941ef18ee55
a9005418b89918776f3d8895ba42e850
911a5c03419acf47eab0844e2cd5ab7f
author_id_fullname_str_mv bdf5d5f154d339dd92bb25884b7c3652_***_Hayley Hutchings
1b1870c5c1ec66eed0bf209e50a6ee25_***_Kym Carter
4157d27b800a8357873bdfc9c71bd596_***_Saiful Islam
78bf9b61781a4a50eb8055e96a18180a_***_Claire O'Neill
cb60dd928f72fe7ea03595dab995f070_***_Stephen Roberts
ed8a9c37bd7b7235b762d941ef18ee55_***_Ann John
a9005418b89918776f3d8895ba42e850_***_Greg Fegan
911a5c03419acf47eab0844e2cd5ab7f_***_John Williams
author Hayley Hutchings
Kym Carter
Saiful Islam
Claire O'Neill
Stephen Roberts
Ann John
Greg Fegan
John Williams
author2 Hayley Hutchings
Mesbah Rahman
Kym Carter
Saiful Islam
Claire O'Neill
Stephen Roberts
Ann John
Greg Fegan
Umakant Dave
Neil Hawkes
Faruque Ahmed
Mahmud Hasan
Abul Kalam Azad
Md Mujibur Rahman
Md Golam Kibria
M Masudur Rahman
Titu Mia
Mahfuza Akhter
John Williams
format Journal article
container_title BMJ Open
container_volume 14
container_issue 3
container_start_page e079350
publishDate 2024
institution Swansea University
issn 2044-6055
2044-6055
doi_str_mv 10.1136/bmjopen-2023-079350
publisher BMJ
college_str Faculty of Medicine, Health and Life Sciences
hierarchytype
hierarchy_top_id facultyofmedicinehealthandlifesciences
hierarchy_top_title Faculty of Medicine, Health and Life Sciences
hierarchy_parent_id facultyofmedicinehealthandlifesciences
hierarchy_parent_title Faculty of Medicine, Health and Life Sciences
department_str Swansea University Medical School - Health Data Science{{{_:::_}}}Faculty of Medicine, Health and Life Sciences{{{_:::_}}}Swansea University Medical School - Health Data Science
document_store_str 1
active_str 0
description Introduction COVID-19 has caused severe disruption to clinical services in Bangladesh but the extent of this, and the impact on healthcare professionals is unclear. We aimed to assess the perceived levels of anxiety, depression and burnout among doctors and nurses during COVID-19 pandemic.Methods We undertook an online survey using RedCap, directed at doctors and nurses across four institutions in Bangladesh (The Sheikh Russel Gastro Liver Institute & Hospital (SRNGIH), Dhaka Medical College Hospital (DMCH), Mugda Medical College Hospital (MMCH) and M Abdur Rahim Medical College (MARMC) Hospital). We collected information on demographics, awareness of well-being services, COVID-19-related workload, as well as anxiety, depression and burnout using two validated questionnaires: the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS) and the Maslach Burnout Inventory (MBI).Results Of the 3000 participants approached, we received responses from 2705 (90.2%). There was a statistically significant difference in anxiety, depression and burnout scores across institutions (p<0.01). Anxiety, depression and burnout scores were statistically worse in COVID-19 active staff compared with those not working on COVID-19 activities (p<0.01 for HADS anxiety and depression and MBI emotional exhaustion (EE), depersonalisation (DP) and personal accomplishment (PA)). Over half of the participants exhibited some level of anxiety (SRNGIH: 52.2%; DMCH: 53.9%; MMCH: 61.3%; MARMC: 68%) with a high proportion experiencing depression (SRNGIH: 39.5%; DMCH: 38.7%; MMCH: 53.7%; MARMC: 41.1%). Although mean burnout scores were within the normal range for each institution, a high proportion of staff (almost 20% in some instances) were shown to be classified as experiencing burnout by their EE, DP and PA scores.Conclusion We identified a high prevalence of perceived anxiety, depression and burnout among doctors and nurses during the COVID-19 pandemic. This was worse in staff engaged in COVID-19-related activities. These findings could help healthcare organisations to plan for future similar events.
published_date 2024-03-07T20:17:35Z
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