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Using a systems perspective to examine child protection systems and practice: A scoping review on child abandonment and institutionalisation in the Maghreb

Fadi Baghdadi, M.E. Rauktis, C. Hands Orcid Logo, Ann John Orcid Logo, Ashra Khanom Orcid Logo, S. El Mhamdi, A. Soussi Orcid Logo, Helen Snooks Orcid Logo

Children and Youth Services Review, Volume: 157, Start page: 107382

Swansea University Authors: Fadi Baghdadi, Ann John Orcid Logo, Ashra Khanom Orcid Logo, Helen Snooks Orcid Logo

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DOI (Published version): 10.1016/j.childyouth.2023.107382

Abstract

The Maghreb (Algeria, Libya, Mauritania, Morocco (including Western Sahara), Tunisia) has high rates of child maltreatment and child abandonment, leading to high rates of child institutionalisation. This review aims to provide an estimate of the prevalence of children in institutions in the countrie...

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Published in: Children and Youth Services Review
ISSN: 0190-7409
Published: Elsevier BV 2024
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URI: https://cronfa.swan.ac.uk/Record/cronfa65248
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This review aims to provide an estimate of the prevalence of children in institutions in the countries of the Maghreb and to compare and contrast the child protection systems in the region. Using a scoping review approach, we identified 45 relevant studies from databases including Africa-Wide Information, Academic Search Premiere, Policy file Index, Google Scholar, and Google. Estimated children in institutions were as follows: Algeria 550,000, Libya 80-145,000, Mauritania 45,850, Morocco 471,006, and Tunisia 140,000. Common elements included limited child protection resources, lack of transparent databases, limited separation between religion and state, Shariah's influence on social and cultural norms, and a kafala system, an Islamically prescribed from of permanent guardianship for abandoned children. Mauritania and Tunisia had dedicated child protection codes, and all countries except Libya reported to the CRC. 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spelling v2 65248 2023-12-07 Using a systems perspective to examine child protection systems and practice: A scoping review on child abandonment and institutionalisation in the Maghreb eba9bb478b589955aa9e749a0f0e7186 Fadi Baghdadi Fadi Baghdadi true false ed8a9c37bd7b7235b762d941ef18ee55 0000-0002-5657-6995 Ann John Ann John true false 1f0f14742e3a36e8fd6d29f59374a009 0000-0002-5735-6601 Ashra Khanom Ashra Khanom true false ab23c5e0111b88427a155a1f495861d9 0000-0003-0173-8843 Helen Snooks Helen Snooks true false 2023-12-07 MEDS The Maghreb (Algeria, Libya, Mauritania, Morocco (including Western Sahara), Tunisia) has high rates of child maltreatment and child abandonment, leading to high rates of child institutionalisation. This review aims to provide an estimate of the prevalence of children in institutions in the countries of the Maghreb and to compare and contrast the child protection systems in the region. Using a scoping review approach, we identified 45 relevant studies from databases including Africa-Wide Information, Academic Search Premiere, Policy file Index, Google Scholar, and Google. Estimated children in institutions were as follows: Algeria 550,000, Libya 80-145,000, Mauritania 45,850, Morocco 471,006, and Tunisia 140,000. Common elements included limited child protection resources, lack of transparent databases, limited separation between religion and state, Shariah's influence on social and cultural norms, and a kafala system, an Islamically prescribed from of permanent guardianship for abandoned children. Mauritania and Tunisia had dedicated child protection codes, and all countries except Libya reported to the CRC. The literature indicates that components of the child protection systems in the countries of the Maghreb are fragmented with competing purposes, prioritising existing communitarian cultural mores over child protection. High rates of child abandonment and institutionalisation in the region result from inadequate child safeguarding structures and the stigmatisation of unmarried mothers and their children. Kafala, is a common element of Maghrebian child protection systems, with little alternative care provision, such as foster care. The scoping review highlights the opportunity to develop and adapt existing child safeguarding and alternative care structures and practice between countries of the Maghreb. Intra-regional research is urgently needed to facilitate changes and reduce rates of child abandonment and institutionalisation. Journal Article Children and Youth Services Review 157 107382 Elsevier BV 0190-7409 Child protection system; Maghreb; Child institutionalisation; Scoping review; Child abandonment 1 2 2024 2024-02-01 10.1016/j.childyouth.2023.107382 COLLEGE NANME Medical School COLLEGE CODE MEDS Swansea University SU Library paid the OA fee (TA Institutional Deal) This research was supported by the Global Challenges Research Fund (GCRF) in conjunction with the United Kingdom Research and Innovation (UKRI). 2024-05-28T12:49:17.5730562 2023-12-07T17:21:33.9689603 Faculty of Medicine, Health and Life Sciences Swansea University Medical School - Medicine Fadi Baghdadi 1 M.E. Rauktis 2 C. Hands 0000-0002-3171-4191 3 Ann John 0000-0002-5657-6995 4 Ashra Khanom 0000-0002-5735-6601 5 S. El Mhamdi 6 A. Soussi 0000-0001-5013-8575 7 Helen Snooks 0000-0003-0173-8843 8 65248__29972__6506371a253441cca9a9a77fe1b6fbf1.pdf 65248.VOR.pdf 2024-04-10T10:52:33.2090522 Output 1395025 application/pdf Version of Record true © 2023 The Authors. This is an open access article under the CC BY license. true eng http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ 65248__30468__54158a5a27eb48cc8d128dd4ecf7cbe0.pdf 65248.VoR.Arabic.pdf 2024-05-28T12:44:25.6459064 Output 929462 application/pdf Other true Arabic Translation of Version of Record. true ar http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
title Using a systems perspective to examine child protection systems and practice: A scoping review on child abandonment and institutionalisation in the Maghreb
spellingShingle Using a systems perspective to examine child protection systems and practice: A scoping review on child abandonment and institutionalisation in the Maghreb
Fadi Baghdadi
Ann John
Ashra Khanom
Helen Snooks
title_short Using a systems perspective to examine child protection systems and practice: A scoping review on child abandonment and institutionalisation in the Maghreb
title_full Using a systems perspective to examine child protection systems and practice: A scoping review on child abandonment and institutionalisation in the Maghreb
title_fullStr Using a systems perspective to examine child protection systems and practice: A scoping review on child abandonment and institutionalisation in the Maghreb
title_full_unstemmed Using a systems perspective to examine child protection systems and practice: A scoping review on child abandonment and institutionalisation in the Maghreb
title_sort Using a systems perspective to examine child protection systems and practice: A scoping review on child abandonment and institutionalisation in the Maghreb
author_id_str_mv eba9bb478b589955aa9e749a0f0e7186
ed8a9c37bd7b7235b762d941ef18ee55
1f0f14742e3a36e8fd6d29f59374a009
ab23c5e0111b88427a155a1f495861d9
author_id_fullname_str_mv eba9bb478b589955aa9e749a0f0e7186_***_Fadi Baghdadi
ed8a9c37bd7b7235b762d941ef18ee55_***_Ann John
1f0f14742e3a36e8fd6d29f59374a009_***_Ashra Khanom
ab23c5e0111b88427a155a1f495861d9_***_Helen Snooks
author Fadi Baghdadi
Ann John
Ashra Khanom
Helen Snooks
author2 Fadi Baghdadi
M.E. Rauktis
C. Hands
Ann John
Ashra Khanom
S. El Mhamdi
A. Soussi
Helen Snooks
format Journal article
container_title Children and Youth Services Review
container_volume 157
container_start_page 107382
publishDate 2024
institution Swansea University
issn 0190-7409
doi_str_mv 10.1016/j.childyouth.2023.107382
publisher Elsevier BV
college_str Faculty of Medicine, Health and Life Sciences
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hierarchy_top_id facultyofmedicinehealthandlifesciences
hierarchy_top_title Faculty of Medicine, Health and Life Sciences
hierarchy_parent_id facultyofmedicinehealthandlifesciences
hierarchy_parent_title Faculty of Medicine, Health and Life Sciences
department_str Swansea University Medical School - Medicine{{{_:::_}}}Faculty of Medicine, Health and Life Sciences{{{_:::_}}}Swansea University Medical School - Medicine
document_store_str 1
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description The Maghreb (Algeria, Libya, Mauritania, Morocco (including Western Sahara), Tunisia) has high rates of child maltreatment and child abandonment, leading to high rates of child institutionalisation. This review aims to provide an estimate of the prevalence of children in institutions in the countries of the Maghreb and to compare and contrast the child protection systems in the region. Using a scoping review approach, we identified 45 relevant studies from databases including Africa-Wide Information, Academic Search Premiere, Policy file Index, Google Scholar, and Google. Estimated children in institutions were as follows: Algeria 550,000, Libya 80-145,000, Mauritania 45,850, Morocco 471,006, and Tunisia 140,000. Common elements included limited child protection resources, lack of transparent databases, limited separation between religion and state, Shariah's influence on social and cultural norms, and a kafala system, an Islamically prescribed from of permanent guardianship for abandoned children. Mauritania and Tunisia had dedicated child protection codes, and all countries except Libya reported to the CRC. The literature indicates that components of the child protection systems in the countries of the Maghreb are fragmented with competing purposes, prioritising existing communitarian cultural mores over child protection. High rates of child abandonment and institutionalisation in the region result from inadequate child safeguarding structures and the stigmatisation of unmarried mothers and their children. Kafala, is a common element of Maghrebian child protection systems, with little alternative care provision, such as foster care. The scoping review highlights the opportunity to develop and adapt existing child safeguarding and alternative care structures and practice between countries of the Maghreb. Intra-regional research is urgently needed to facilitate changes and reduce rates of child abandonment and institutionalisation.
published_date 2024-02-01T12:49:16Z
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