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Perspective Chapter: Agronomic Properties of Biochar from Slow Pyrolysis of Human Waste

Larissa Nicholas, Aisling Devine Orcid Logo, Iain Robertson Orcid Logo, Ian Mabbett Orcid Logo

 Sustainable Use of Biochar  [Working Title]

Swansea University Authors: Larissa Nicholas, Aisling Devine Orcid Logo, Iain Robertson Orcid Logo, Ian Mabbett Orcid Logo

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DOI (Published version): 10.5772/intechopen.1002187

Abstract

The treatment and safe disposal of sanitation waste is imperative to human health and the environment. In developed countries, the emphasis is on recovering phosphorus from municipal sewage sludge (SS) and the reduction of landfill. Whilst in developing countries, the focus is on long-term mechanism...

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Published in:  Sustainable Use of Biochar  [Working Title]
Published: IntechOpen 2023
URI: https://cronfa.swan.ac.uk/Record/cronfa65023
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spelling v2 65023 2023-11-21 Perspective Chapter: Agronomic Properties of Biochar from Slow Pyrolysis of Human Waste 1f94486c34f5b8272a65b750a3c7f9f2 Larissa Nicholas Larissa Nicholas true false 1e3d02ac9be89fa0b4067440c28092ff 0000-0003-4212-3984 Aisling Devine Aisling Devine true false ef8912c57e0140e9ecb2a69b7e34467e 0000-0001-7174-4523 Iain Robertson Iain Robertson true false 5363e29b6a34d3e72b5d31140c9b51f0 0000-0003-2959-1716 Ian Mabbett Ian Mabbett true false 2023-11-21 RECS The treatment and safe disposal of sanitation waste is imperative to human health and the environment. In developed countries, the emphasis is on recovering phosphorus from municipal sewage sludge (SS) and the reduction of landfill. Whilst in developing countries, the focus is on long-term mechanisms to treat fecal sludge (FS) generated from non-sewered sanitation facilities. This chapter summarizes the thermal treatment of FS and SS via slow pyrolysis, and the resultant characterization of FS and SS-derived biochar with the aim of utilization by agriculture. In general, FS and SS biochars have high pH, ash content and macronutrient concentrations, with a low surface area and carbon content. The concentration of potentially toxic elements is a key difference between FS and SS biochars with FS biochars containing lower concentrations of these harmful metals. Assessing the properties of these biochars is challenging because of the different methods involved in the processing of raw sludge. The slow pyrolysis of FS and SS to produce biochar can play a pivotal role in a circular economy through the recovery and re-use of waste. Waste-derived biochar provides an opportunity to utilize an integrated systems-based approach to improve soil health, increase crop yield, and improve water retention. Book chapter  Sustainable Use of Biochar  [Working Title] IntechOpen sewage sludge biochar; fecal sludge biochar; soil; crop; agronomic; properties 13 11 2023 2023-11-13 10.5772/intechopen.1002187 COLLEGE NANME Enterprise European Network COLLEGE CODE RECS Swansea University External research funder(s) paid the OA fee (includes OA grants disbursed by the Library) Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation (OPP1149054); The work was also supported by Swansea University’s ‘SUNRISE’ project funded through GCRF via EPSRC [EP/P032591/1]. 2024-03-11T13:56:23.5556755 2023-11-21T08:52:15.6569399 Faculty of Science and Engineering School of Engineering and Applied Sciences - Chemistry Larissa Nicholas 1 Aisling Devine 0000-0003-4212-3984 2 Iain Robertson 0000-0001-7174-4523 3 Ian Mabbett 0000-0003-2959-1716 4
title Perspective Chapter: Agronomic Properties of Biochar from Slow Pyrolysis of Human Waste
spellingShingle Perspective Chapter: Agronomic Properties of Biochar from Slow Pyrolysis of Human Waste
Larissa Nicholas
Aisling Devine
Iain Robertson
Ian Mabbett
title_short Perspective Chapter: Agronomic Properties of Biochar from Slow Pyrolysis of Human Waste
title_full Perspective Chapter: Agronomic Properties of Biochar from Slow Pyrolysis of Human Waste
title_fullStr Perspective Chapter: Agronomic Properties of Biochar from Slow Pyrolysis of Human Waste
title_full_unstemmed Perspective Chapter: Agronomic Properties of Biochar from Slow Pyrolysis of Human Waste
title_sort Perspective Chapter: Agronomic Properties of Biochar from Slow Pyrolysis of Human Waste
author_id_str_mv 1f94486c34f5b8272a65b750a3c7f9f2
1e3d02ac9be89fa0b4067440c28092ff
ef8912c57e0140e9ecb2a69b7e34467e
5363e29b6a34d3e72b5d31140c9b51f0
author_id_fullname_str_mv 1f94486c34f5b8272a65b750a3c7f9f2_***_Larissa Nicholas
1e3d02ac9be89fa0b4067440c28092ff_***_Aisling Devine
ef8912c57e0140e9ecb2a69b7e34467e_***_Iain Robertson
5363e29b6a34d3e72b5d31140c9b51f0_***_Ian Mabbett
author Larissa Nicholas
Aisling Devine
Iain Robertson
Ian Mabbett
author2 Larissa Nicholas
Aisling Devine
Iain Robertson
Ian Mabbett
format Book chapter
container_title  Sustainable Use of Biochar  [Working Title]
publishDate 2023
institution Swansea University
doi_str_mv 10.5772/intechopen.1002187
publisher IntechOpen
college_str Faculty of Science and Engineering
hierarchytype
hierarchy_top_id facultyofscienceandengineering
hierarchy_top_title Faculty of Science and Engineering
hierarchy_parent_id facultyofscienceandengineering
hierarchy_parent_title Faculty of Science and Engineering
department_str School of Engineering and Applied Sciences - Chemistry{{{_:::_}}}Faculty of Science and Engineering{{{_:::_}}}School of Engineering and Applied Sciences - Chemistry
document_store_str 0
active_str 0
description The treatment and safe disposal of sanitation waste is imperative to human health and the environment. In developed countries, the emphasis is on recovering phosphorus from municipal sewage sludge (SS) and the reduction of landfill. Whilst in developing countries, the focus is on long-term mechanisms to treat fecal sludge (FS) generated from non-sewered sanitation facilities. This chapter summarizes the thermal treatment of FS and SS via slow pyrolysis, and the resultant characterization of FS and SS-derived biochar with the aim of utilization by agriculture. In general, FS and SS biochars have high pH, ash content and macronutrient concentrations, with a low surface area and carbon content. The concentration of potentially toxic elements is a key difference between FS and SS biochars with FS biochars containing lower concentrations of these harmful metals. Assessing the properties of these biochars is challenging because of the different methods involved in the processing of raw sludge. The slow pyrolysis of FS and SS to produce biochar can play a pivotal role in a circular economy through the recovery and re-use of waste. Waste-derived biochar provides an opportunity to utilize an integrated systems-based approach to improve soil health, increase crop yield, and improve water retention.
published_date 2023-11-13T13:56:20Z
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