Mitigating Detrimental Effect of Self‐Doping Near the Anode in Highly Efficient Organic Solar Cells

Kim, Yong; Sandberg, Oskar; Zeiske, Stefan; Burwell, Gregory; Riley, Drew; Meredith, Paul; Armin, Ardalan

doi:10.1002/adfm.202300147

Journal article 622 views 96 downloads

Mitigating Detrimental Effect of Self‐Doping Near the Anode in Highly Efficient Organic Solar Cells

Yong Kim, Oskar Sandberg

, Stefan Zeiske, Gregory Burwell

, Drew Riley

, Paul Meredith

, Ardalan Armin

Advanced Functional Materials, Volume: 33, Issue: 16

Swansea University Authors: Yong Kim, Oskar Sandberg , Stefan Zeiske, Gregory Burwell , Drew Riley , Paul Meredith , Ardalan Armin

PDF | Version of Record

© 2023 The Authors. Advanced Functional Materials published by Wiley-VCH GmbH. Distributed under the terms of a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License (CC BY 4.0).
Download (3.12MB)

Check full text

DOI (Published version): 10.1002/adfm.202300147

Abstract

Poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene):polystyrene sulfonate (PEDOT:PSS) has been one of the most established hole transport layers (HTL) in organic solar cells (OSCs) for several decades. However, the presence of PSS− ions is known to deteriorate device performance via a number of mechanisms including di...

Full description

Published in:	Advanced Functional Materials
ISSN:	1616-301X 1616-3028
Published:	Wiley 2023
Online Access:	Check full text
URI:	https://cronfa.swan.ac.uk/Record/cronfa63787

first_indexed	2023-07-06T10:45:43Z
last_indexed	2024-11-25T14:12:56Z
id	cronfa63787
recordtype	SURis
fullrecord	<?xml version="1.0"?><rfc1807><datestamp>2023-08-16T11:50:41.0650076</datestamp><bib-version>v2</bib-version><id>63787</id><entry>2023-07-06</entry><title>Mitigating Detrimental Effect of Self‐Doping Near the Anode in Highly Efficient Organic Solar Cells</title><swanseaauthors><author><sid>512fd36e6c36e8ae0fd6f89851eee891</sid><firstname>Yong</firstname><surname>Kim</surname><name>Yong Kim</name><active>true</active><ethesisStudent>false</ethesisStudent></author><author><sid>9e91512a54d5aee66cd77851a96ba747</sid><ORCID>0000-0003-3778-8746</ORCID><firstname>Oskar</firstname><surname>Sandberg</surname><name>Oskar Sandberg</name><active>true</active><ethesisStudent>false</ethesisStudent></author><author><sid>0c9c5b89df9ac882c3e09dd1a9f28fc5</sid><firstname>Stefan</firstname><surname>Zeiske</surname><name>Stefan Zeiske</name><active>true</active><ethesisStudent>false</ethesisStudent></author><author><sid>49890fbfbe127d4ae94bc10dc2b24199</sid><ORCID>0000-0002-2534-9626</ORCID><firstname>Gregory</firstname><surname>Burwell</surname><name>Gregory Burwell</name><active>true</active><ethesisStudent>false</ethesisStudent></author><author><sid>edca1c48f922393fa2b3cb84d8dc0e4a</sid><ORCID>0000-0001-6688-0694</ORCID><firstname>Drew</firstname><surname>Riley</surname><name>Drew Riley</name><active>true</active><ethesisStudent>false</ethesisStudent></author><author><sid>31e8fe57fa180d418afd48c3af280c2e</sid><ORCID>0000-0002-9049-7414</ORCID><firstname>Paul</firstname><surname>Meredith</surname><name>Paul Meredith</name><active>true</active><ethesisStudent>false</ethesisStudent></author><author><sid>22b270622d739d81e131bec7a819e2fd</sid><firstname>Ardalan</firstname><surname>Armin</surname><name>Ardalan Armin</name><active>true</active><ethesisStudent>false</ethesisStudent></author></swanseaauthors><date>2023-07-06</date><deptcode>BGPS</deptcode><abstract>Poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene):polystyrene sulfonate (PEDOT:PSS) has been one of the most established hole transport layers (HTL) in organic solar cells (OSCs) for several decades. However, the presence of PSS− ions is known to deteriorate device performance via a number of mechanisms including diffusion to the HTL-active layer interface and unwanted local chemical reactions. In this study, it is shown that PSS− ions can also result in local p-doping in the high efficiency donor:non-fullerene acceptor blends – resulting in photocurrent loss. To address these issues, a facile and effective approach is reported to improve the OSC performance through a two-component hole transport layer (HTL) consisting of a self-assembled monolayer of 2PACz ([2-(9H-Carbazol-9-yl)ethyl]phosphonic acid) and PEDOT:PSS. The power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 17.1% using devices with PEDOT:PSS HTL improved to 17.7% when the PEDOT:PSS/2PACz two-component HTL is used. The improved performance is attributed to the overlaid 2PACz layer preventing the formation of an intermixed p-doped PSS− ion rich region (≈5–10 nm) at the bulk heterojunction-HTL contact interface, resulting in decreased recombination losses and improved stability. Moreover, the 2PACz monolayer is also found to reduce electrical shunts that ultimately yield improved performance in large area devices with PCE enhanced from 12.3% to 13.3% in 1 cm2 cells.</abstract><type>Journal Article</type><journal>Advanced Functional Materials</journal><volume>33</volume><journalNumber>16</journalNumber><paginationStart/><paginationEnd/><publisher>Wiley</publisher><placeOfPublication/><isbnPrint/><isbnElectronic/><issnPrint>1616-301X</issnPrint><issnElectronic>1616-3028</issnElectronic><keywords>Self-doping, anode, organic solar cells</keywords><publishedDay>30</publishedDay><publishedMonth>4</publishedMonth><publishedYear>2023</publishedYear><publishedDate>2023-04-30</publishedDate><doi>10.1002/adfm.202300147</doi><url>http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/adfm.202300147</url><notes/><college>COLLEGE NANME</college><department>Biosciences Geography and Physics School</department><CollegeCode>COLLEGE CODE</CollegeCode><DepartmentCode>BGPS</DepartmentCode><institution>Swansea University</institution><apcterm>SU Library paid the OA fee (TA Institutional Deal)</apcterm><funders>This work was supported by the Welsh Government's Sêr Cymru II Program through the European Regional Development Fund, Welsh European Funding Office, and Swansea University strategic initiative in Sustainable Advanced Materials. A.A. is a Sêr Cymru II Rising Star Fellow and P.M. is a Sêr Cymru II National Research Chair. This work was also funded by UKRI through the EPSRC Program Grant EP/T028511/1 Application Targeted Integrated Photovoltaics. Swansea University.</funders><projectreference/><lastEdited>2023-08-16T11:50:41.0650076</lastEdited><Created>2023-07-06T11:42:53.2656138</Created><path><level id="1">Faculty of Science and Engineering</level><level id="2">School of Biosciences, Geography and Physics - Physics</level></path><authors><author><firstname>Yong</firstname><surname>Kim</surname><order>1</order></author><author><firstname>Oskar</firstname><surname>Sandberg</surname><orcid>0000-0003-3778-8746</orcid><order>2</order></author><author><firstname>Stefan</firstname><surname>Zeiske</surname><order>3</order></author><author><firstname>Gregory</firstname><surname>Burwell</surname><orcid>0000-0002-2534-9626</orcid><order>4</order></author><author><firstname>Drew</firstname><surname>Riley</surname><orcid>0000-0001-6688-0694</orcid><order>5</order></author><author><firstname>Paul</firstname><surname>Meredith</surname><orcid>0000-0002-9049-7414</orcid><order>6</order></author><author><firstname>Ardalan</firstname><surname>Armin</surname><order>7</order></author></authors><documents><document><filename>63787__28045__081c7f717a104085867df6f7e0ec7f86.pdf</filename><originalFilename>63787.VOR.pdf</originalFilename><uploaded>2023-07-06T11:55:26.2670314</uploaded><type>Output</type><contentLength>3267510</contentLength><contentType>application/pdf</contentType><version>Version of Record</version><cronfaStatus>true</cronfaStatus><documentNotes>© 2023 The Authors. Advanced Functional Materials published by Wiley-VCH GmbH. Distributed under the terms of a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License (CC BY 4.0).</documentNotes><copyrightCorrect>true</copyrightCorrect><language>eng</language><licence>https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/</licence></document></documents><OutputDurs/></rfc1807>
spelling	2023-08-16T11:50:41.0650076 v2 63787 2023-07-06 Mitigating Detrimental Effect of Self‐Doping Near the Anode in Highly Efficient Organic Solar Cells 512fd36e6c36e8ae0fd6f89851eee891 Yong Kim Yong Kim true false 9e91512a54d5aee66cd77851a96ba747 0000-0003-3778-8746 Oskar Sandberg Oskar Sandberg true false 0c9c5b89df9ac882c3e09dd1a9f28fc5 Stefan Zeiske Stefan Zeiske true false 49890fbfbe127d4ae94bc10dc2b24199 0000-0002-2534-9626 Gregory Burwell Gregory Burwell true false edca1c48f922393fa2b3cb84d8dc0e4a 0000-0001-6688-0694 Drew Riley Drew Riley true false 31e8fe57fa180d418afd48c3af280c2e 0000-0002-9049-7414 Paul Meredith Paul Meredith true false 22b270622d739d81e131bec7a819e2fd Ardalan Armin Ardalan Armin true false 2023-07-06 BGPS Poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene):polystyrene sulfonate (PEDOT:PSS) has been one of the most established hole transport layers (HTL) in organic solar cells (OSCs) for several decades. However, the presence of PSS− ions is known to deteriorate device performance via a number of mechanisms including diffusion to the HTL-active layer interface and unwanted local chemical reactions. In this study, it is shown that PSS− ions can also result in local p-doping in the high efficiency donor:non-fullerene acceptor blends – resulting in photocurrent loss. To address these issues, a facile and effective approach is reported to improve the OSC performance through a two-component hole transport layer (HTL) consisting of a self-assembled monolayer of 2PACz ([2-(9H-Carbazol-9-yl)ethyl]phosphonic acid) and PEDOT:PSS. The power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 17.1% using devices with PEDOT:PSS HTL improved to 17.7% when the PEDOT:PSS/2PACz two-component HTL is used. The improved performance is attributed to the overlaid 2PACz layer preventing the formation of an intermixed p-doped PSS− ion rich region (≈5–10 nm) at the bulk heterojunction-HTL contact interface, resulting in decreased recombination losses and improved stability. Moreover, the 2PACz monolayer is also found to reduce electrical shunts that ultimately yield improved performance in large area devices with PCE enhanced from 12.3% to 13.3% in 1 cm2 cells. Journal Article Advanced Functional Materials 33 16 Wiley 1616-301X 1616-3028 Self-doping, anode, organic solar cells 30 4 2023 2023-04-30 10.1002/adfm.202300147 http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/adfm.202300147 COLLEGE NANME Biosciences Geography and Physics School COLLEGE CODE BGPS Swansea University SU Library paid the OA fee (TA Institutional Deal) This work was supported by the Welsh Government's Sêr Cymru II Program through the European Regional Development Fund, Welsh European Funding Office, and Swansea University strategic initiative in Sustainable Advanced Materials. A.A. is a Sêr Cymru II Rising Star Fellow and P.M. is a Sêr Cymru II National Research Chair. This work was also funded by UKRI through the EPSRC Program Grant EP/T028511/1 Application Targeted Integrated Photovoltaics. Swansea University. 2023-08-16T11:50:41.0650076 2023-07-06T11:42:53.2656138 Faculty of Science and Engineering School of Biosciences, Geography and Physics - Physics Yong Kim 1 Oskar Sandberg 0000-0003-3778-8746 2 Stefan Zeiske 3 Gregory Burwell 0000-0002-2534-9626 4 Drew Riley 0000-0001-6688-0694 5 Paul Meredith 0000-0002-9049-7414 6 Ardalan Armin 7 63787__28045__081c7f717a104085867df6f7e0ec7f86.pdf 63787.VOR.pdf 2023-07-06T11:55:26.2670314 Output 3267510 application/pdf Version of Record true © 2023 The Authors. Advanced Functional Materials published by Wiley-VCH GmbH. Distributed under the terms of a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License (CC BY 4.0). true eng https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
title	Mitigating Detrimental Effect of Self‐Doping Near the Anode in Highly Efficient Organic Solar Cells
spellingShingle	Mitigating Detrimental Effect of Self‐Doping Near the Anode in Highly Efficient Organic Solar Cells Yong Kim Oskar Sandberg Stefan Zeiske Gregory Burwell Drew Riley Paul Meredith Ardalan Armin
title_short	Mitigating Detrimental Effect of Self‐Doping Near the Anode in Highly Efficient Organic Solar Cells
title_full	Mitigating Detrimental Effect of Self‐Doping Near the Anode in Highly Efficient Organic Solar Cells
title_fullStr	Mitigating Detrimental Effect of Self‐Doping Near the Anode in Highly Efficient Organic Solar Cells
title_full_unstemmed	Mitigating Detrimental Effect of Self‐Doping Near the Anode in Highly Efficient Organic Solar Cells
title_sort	Mitigating Detrimental Effect of Self‐Doping Near the Anode in Highly Efficient Organic Solar Cells
author_id_str_mv	512fd36e6c36e8ae0fd6f89851eee891 9e91512a54d5aee66cd77851a96ba747 0c9c5b89df9ac882c3e09dd1a9f28fc5 49890fbfbe127d4ae94bc10dc2b24199 edca1c48f922393fa2b3cb84d8dc0e4a 31e8fe57fa180d418afd48c3af280c2e 22b270622d739d81e131bec7a819e2fd
author_id_fullname_str_mv	512fd36e6c36e8ae0fd6f89851eee891_*_Yong Kim 9e91512a54d5aee66cd77851a96ba747__Oskar Sandberg 0c9c5b89df9ac882c3e09dd1a9f28fc5__Stefan Zeiske 49890fbfbe127d4ae94bc10dc2b24199__Gregory Burwell edca1c48f922393fa2b3cb84d8dc0e4a__Drew Riley 31e8fe57fa180d418afd48c3af280c2e__Paul Meredith 22b270622d739d81e131bec7a819e2fd_**_Ardalan Armin
author	Yong Kim Oskar Sandberg Stefan Zeiske Gregory Burwell Drew Riley Paul Meredith Ardalan Armin
author2	Yong Kim Oskar Sandberg Stefan Zeiske Gregory Burwell Drew Riley Paul Meredith Ardalan Armin
format	Journal article
container_title	Advanced Functional Materials
container_volume	33
container_issue	16
publishDate	2023
institution	Swansea University
issn	1616-301X 1616-3028
doi_str_mv	10.1002/adfm.202300147
publisher	Wiley
college_str	Faculty of Science and Engineering
hierarchytype
hierarchy_top_id	facultyofscienceandengineering
hierarchy_top_title	Faculty of Science and Engineering
hierarchy_parent_id	facultyofscienceandengineering
hierarchy_parent_title	Faculty of Science and Engineering
department_str	School of Biosciences, Geography and Physics - Physics{{{_:::_}}}Faculty of Science and Engineering{{{_:::_}}}School of Biosciences, Geography and Physics - Physics
url	http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/adfm.202300147
document_store_str	1
active_str	0
description	Poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene):polystyrene sulfonate (PEDOT:PSS) has been one of the most established hole transport layers (HTL) in organic solar cells (OSCs) for several decades. However, the presence of PSS− ions is known to deteriorate device performance via a number of mechanisms including diffusion to the HTL-active layer interface and unwanted local chemical reactions. In this study, it is shown that PSS− ions can also result in local p-doping in the high efficiency donor:non-fullerene acceptor blends – resulting in photocurrent loss. To address these issues, a facile and effective approach is reported to improve the OSC performance through a two-component hole transport layer (HTL) consisting of a self-assembled monolayer of 2PACz ([2-(9H-Carbazol-9-yl)ethyl]phosphonic acid) and PEDOT:PSS. The power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 17.1% using devices with PEDOT:PSS HTL improved to 17.7% when the PEDOT:PSS/2PACz two-component HTL is used. The improved performance is attributed to the overlaid 2PACz layer preventing the formation of an intermixed p-doped PSS− ion rich region (≈5–10 nm) at the bulk heterojunction-HTL contact interface, resulting in decreased recombination losses and improved stability. Moreover, the 2PACz monolayer is also found to reduce electrical shunts that ultimately yield improved performance in large area devices with PCE enhanced from 12.3% to 13.3% in 1 cm2 cells.
published_date	2023-04-30T11:12:59Z
_version_	1826567780196941824
score	11.055006

Mitigating Detrimental Effect of Self‐Doping Near the Anode in Highly Efficient Organic Solar Cells

Similar Items