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Minority Stressors, Rumination, and Psychological Distress in Lesbian, Gay, and Bisexual Individuals

Liadh Timmins Orcid Logo, Katharine A. Rimes, Qazi Rahman

Archives of Sexual Behavior, Volume: 49, Issue: 2, Pages: 661 - 680

Swansea University Author: Liadh Timmins Orcid Logo

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DOI (Published version): 10.1007/s10508-019-01502-2

Abstract

This study tested the mechanisms by which social stigma contributes to psychological distress in lesbian, gay, and bisexual individuals. A large community sample (N = 4248, M age = 29.9 years, 42.9% female, 57.1% male, 35.7% bisexual, 64.3% lesbian/gay, 9.9% non-white) was recruited using targeted a...

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Published in: Archives of Sexual Behavior
ISSN: 0004-0002 1573-2800
Published: Springer Science and Business Media LLC 2020
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URI: https://cronfa.swan.ac.uk/Record/cronfa63785
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spelling v2 63785 2023-07-06 Minority Stressors, Rumination, and Psychological Distress in Lesbian, Gay, and Bisexual Individuals 7f227f6f0fc0400bae2893d252d2f5ec 0000-0001-7984-4748 Liadh Timmins Liadh Timmins true false 2023-07-06 HPS This study tested the mechanisms by which social stigma contributes to psychological distress in lesbian, gay, and bisexual individuals. A large community sample (N = 4248, M age = 29.9 years, 42.9% female, 57.1% male, 35.7% bisexual, 64.3% lesbian/gay, 9.9% non-white) was recruited using targeted and general advertisements for an online cross-sectional survey. Participants completed measures of childhood gender nonconformity, prejudice events, victimization, microaggressions, sexual orientation concealment, sexual orientation disclosure, expectations of rejection, self-stigma, rumination, and distress. Structural equation modeling was used to test the relationships between these variables in a model based upon minority stress theory and the integrative mediation framework with childhood gender nonconformity as the initial independent variable and distress (depression, anxiety, and well-being) as the final dependent variable. The results broadly support the hypothesized model. The final model had good fit χ2(37) = 440.99, p < .001, TLI = .96, CFI = .98, RMSEA = .05 [.05, .06] and explained 50.2% of the variance in psychological distress and 24.8% in rumination. Sexual orientation and gender had moderating effects on some individual paths. Results should be considered in the context of the cross-sectional nature of the data, which prevented tests of causality, and self-report measures used, which are vulnerable to bias. Findings indicate strong relationships between minority stressors and psychological distress in lesbian, gay, and bisexual individuals, which are partially accounted for by rumination. These results may inform the development of interventions that address the added burden of minority stress among lesbian, gay, and bisexual individuals. Journal Article Archives of Sexual Behavior 49 2 661 680 Springer Science and Business Media LLC 0004-0002 1573-2800 Minority stress, Gender nonconformity, Rumination, Prejudice, Sexual orientation 1 2 2020 2020-02-01 10.1007/s10508-019-01502-2 http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10508-019-01502-2 COLLEGE NANME Psychology COLLEGE CODE HPS Swansea University 2023-08-15T15:32:21.5317767 2023-07-06T11:01:56.6421414 Faculty of Medicine, Health and Life Sciences School of Psychology Liadh Timmins 0000-0001-7984-4748 1 Katharine A. Rimes 2 Qazi Rahman 3 63785__28299__b150645e4e274f079192cd5af2ee2d7f.pdf 63785.VOR.pdf 2023-08-15T15:11:31.9847955 Output 995238 application/pdf Version of Record true © The Author(s) 2019. Distributed under the terms of a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License (CC BY 4.0). true eng https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
title Minority Stressors, Rumination, and Psychological Distress in Lesbian, Gay, and Bisexual Individuals
spellingShingle Minority Stressors, Rumination, and Psychological Distress in Lesbian, Gay, and Bisexual Individuals
Liadh Timmins
title_short Minority Stressors, Rumination, and Psychological Distress in Lesbian, Gay, and Bisexual Individuals
title_full Minority Stressors, Rumination, and Psychological Distress in Lesbian, Gay, and Bisexual Individuals
title_fullStr Minority Stressors, Rumination, and Psychological Distress in Lesbian, Gay, and Bisexual Individuals
title_full_unstemmed Minority Stressors, Rumination, and Psychological Distress in Lesbian, Gay, and Bisexual Individuals
title_sort Minority Stressors, Rumination, and Psychological Distress in Lesbian, Gay, and Bisexual Individuals
author_id_str_mv 7f227f6f0fc0400bae2893d252d2f5ec
author_id_fullname_str_mv 7f227f6f0fc0400bae2893d252d2f5ec_***_Liadh Timmins
author Liadh Timmins
author2 Liadh Timmins
Katharine A. Rimes
Qazi Rahman
format Journal article
container_title Archives of Sexual Behavior
container_volume 49
container_issue 2
container_start_page 661
publishDate 2020
institution Swansea University
issn 0004-0002
1573-2800
doi_str_mv 10.1007/s10508-019-01502-2
publisher Springer Science and Business Media LLC
college_str Faculty of Medicine, Health and Life Sciences
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hierarchy_top_id facultyofmedicinehealthandlifesciences
hierarchy_top_title Faculty of Medicine, Health and Life Sciences
hierarchy_parent_id facultyofmedicinehealthandlifesciences
hierarchy_parent_title Faculty of Medicine, Health and Life Sciences
department_str School of Psychology{{{_:::_}}}Faculty of Medicine, Health and Life Sciences{{{_:::_}}}School of Psychology
url http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10508-019-01502-2
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description This study tested the mechanisms by which social stigma contributes to psychological distress in lesbian, gay, and bisexual individuals. A large community sample (N = 4248, M age = 29.9 years, 42.9% female, 57.1% male, 35.7% bisexual, 64.3% lesbian/gay, 9.9% non-white) was recruited using targeted and general advertisements for an online cross-sectional survey. Participants completed measures of childhood gender nonconformity, prejudice events, victimization, microaggressions, sexual orientation concealment, sexual orientation disclosure, expectations of rejection, self-stigma, rumination, and distress. Structural equation modeling was used to test the relationships between these variables in a model based upon minority stress theory and the integrative mediation framework with childhood gender nonconformity as the initial independent variable and distress (depression, anxiety, and well-being) as the final dependent variable. The results broadly support the hypothesized model. The final model had good fit χ2(37) = 440.99, p < .001, TLI = .96, CFI = .98, RMSEA = .05 [.05, .06] and explained 50.2% of the variance in psychological distress and 24.8% in rumination. Sexual orientation and gender had moderating effects on some individual paths. Results should be considered in the context of the cross-sectional nature of the data, which prevented tests of causality, and self-report measures used, which are vulnerable to bias. Findings indicate strong relationships between minority stressors and psychological distress in lesbian, gay, and bisexual individuals, which are partially accounted for by rumination. These results may inform the development of interventions that address the added burden of minority stress among lesbian, gay, and bisexual individuals.
published_date 2020-02-01T15:32:22Z
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