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Stimulus control and delayed outcomes in a human causality judgment task.

Phil Reed Orcid Logo

Journal of Experimental Psychology: Animal Learning and Cognition, Volume: 49, Issue: 3, Pages: 179 - 193

Swansea University Author: Phil Reed Orcid Logo

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DOI (Published version): 10.1037/xan0000356

Abstract

Three experiments examined the impact of delayed outcomes on stimulus control of causal judgments using an interdimensional generalization procedure. Human participants rated the causal effectiveness of responses on multiple schedules, and then underwent a generalization test. In Experiment 1, a 3 s...

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Published in: Journal of Experimental Psychology: Animal Learning and Cognition
ISSN: 2329-8456 2329-8464
Published: American Psychological Association (APA) 2023
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URI: https://cronfa.swan.ac.uk/Record/cronfa63465
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spelling v2 63465 2023-05-16 Stimulus control and delayed outcomes in a human causality judgment task. 100599ab189b514fdf99f9b4cb477a83 0000-0002-8157-0747 Phil Reed Phil Reed true false 2023-05-16 HPS Three experiments examined the impact of delayed outcomes on stimulus control of causal judgments using an interdimensional generalization procedure. Human participants rated the causal effectiveness of responses on multiple schedules, and then underwent a generalization test. In Experiment 1, a 3 s unsignaled outcome delay reduced ratings of causal effectiveness, relative to an immediate outcome, but had higher ratings compared to a component lacking outcomes. In a generalization test, incremental generalization gradients, indicating inhibitory control, were found for the stimulus associated with delayed outcomes when comparison was with immediate outcomes; but decremental gradients, indicating excitatory control, were found when the comparator lacked outcomes. In Experiment 2, signaled 3 s outcome delays produced higher causal ratings than unsignaled delays; with unsignaled delays producing incremental (inhibitory) and signaled delays producing decremental (excitatory), generalization gradients when compared against each other. In Experiment 3, relative to immediate outcomes, unsignaled delays produced incremental (inhibitory) gradients and signaled delays produced no gradient. These findings suggest similar factors may control judgments of causality as control conditioned responding. Journal Article Journal of Experimental Psychology: Animal Learning and Cognition 49 3 179 193 American Psychological Association (APA) 2329-8456 2329-8464 Human causal judgements, delayed outcomes, signalled delays, generalisationgradients, inhibitory, excitatory 1 7 2023 2023-07-01 10.1037/xan0000356 http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/xan0000356 COLLEGE NANME Psychology COLLEGE CODE HPS Swansea University Not Required 2024-01-08T15:23:38.6376228 2023-05-16T10:41:20.9547113 Faculty of Medicine, Health and Life Sciences School of Psychology Phil Reed 0000-0002-8157-0747 1 63465__27657__baca4a87cebe41f0bfb457decaa05d3d.pdf 63465.pdf 2023-05-31T13:26:48.7035654 Output 487551 application/pdf Accepted Manuscript true true eng
title Stimulus control and delayed outcomes in a human causality judgment task.
spellingShingle Stimulus control and delayed outcomes in a human causality judgment task.
Phil Reed
title_short Stimulus control and delayed outcomes in a human causality judgment task.
title_full Stimulus control and delayed outcomes in a human causality judgment task.
title_fullStr Stimulus control and delayed outcomes in a human causality judgment task.
title_full_unstemmed Stimulus control and delayed outcomes in a human causality judgment task.
title_sort Stimulus control and delayed outcomes in a human causality judgment task.
author_id_str_mv 100599ab189b514fdf99f9b4cb477a83
author_id_fullname_str_mv 100599ab189b514fdf99f9b4cb477a83_***_Phil Reed
author Phil Reed
author2 Phil Reed
format Journal article
container_title Journal of Experimental Psychology: Animal Learning and Cognition
container_volume 49
container_issue 3
container_start_page 179
publishDate 2023
institution Swansea University
issn 2329-8456
2329-8464
doi_str_mv 10.1037/xan0000356
publisher American Psychological Association (APA)
college_str Faculty of Medicine, Health and Life Sciences
hierarchytype
hierarchy_top_id facultyofmedicinehealthandlifesciences
hierarchy_top_title Faculty of Medicine, Health and Life Sciences
hierarchy_parent_id facultyofmedicinehealthandlifesciences
hierarchy_parent_title Faculty of Medicine, Health and Life Sciences
department_str School of Psychology{{{_:::_}}}Faculty of Medicine, Health and Life Sciences{{{_:::_}}}School of Psychology
url http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/xan0000356
document_store_str 1
active_str 0
description Three experiments examined the impact of delayed outcomes on stimulus control of causal judgments using an interdimensional generalization procedure. Human participants rated the causal effectiveness of responses on multiple schedules, and then underwent a generalization test. In Experiment 1, a 3 s unsignaled outcome delay reduced ratings of causal effectiveness, relative to an immediate outcome, but had higher ratings compared to a component lacking outcomes. In a generalization test, incremental generalization gradients, indicating inhibitory control, were found for the stimulus associated with delayed outcomes when comparison was with immediate outcomes; but decremental gradients, indicating excitatory control, were found when the comparator lacked outcomes. In Experiment 2, signaled 3 s outcome delays produced higher causal ratings than unsignaled delays; with unsignaled delays producing incremental (inhibitory) and signaled delays producing decremental (excitatory), generalization gradients when compared against each other. In Experiment 3, relative to immediate outcomes, unsignaled delays produced incremental (inhibitory) gradients and signaled delays produced no gradient. These findings suggest similar factors may control judgments of causality as control conditioned responding.
published_date 2023-07-01T15:23:40Z
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score 11.037056

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