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Evaluating EU-Region level innovation readiness: A longitudinal analysis using principal component analysis and a constellation graph index approach

Malcolm J. Beynon, Paul Jones Orcid Logo, David Pickernell Orcid Logo

Journal of Business Research, Volume: 159, Start page: 113703

Swansea University Authors: Paul Jones Orcid Logo, David Pickernell Orcid Logo

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Abstract

Innovation is a component of economic development, with an emphasis on entrepreneurship and small business activity. This longitudinal study evaluates innovation readiness drivers across European regions. The following research questions are posed: What are the sets of innovation drivers in Europe?...

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Published in: Journal of Business Research
ISSN: 0148-2963
Published: Elsevier BV 2023
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URI: https://cronfa.swan.ac.uk/Record/cronfa62687
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Abstract: Innovation is a component of economic development, with an emphasis on entrepreneurship and small business activity. This longitudinal study evaluates innovation readiness drivers across European regions. The following research questions are posed: What are the sets of innovation drivers in Europe? What is their relative importance? How do they differ between regions over time? The study uses principal component analysis (PCA) and the constellation graph index approach. Three principal component drivers of innovation are identified: innovation system, absorptive capacity, and IP protection. The aggregation of component details reveals an innovation readiness dimension for each European region in a specific year. Variations in results for different years are discussed. The study covers a large number of countries. Innovation readiness across regions is examined. The results show that constituent innovation driver variables contribute to performance over time. Different patterns are revealed for high and low innovation regions. The relationships between innovation drivers are evaluated.
Keywords: EU-Region level; innovation readiness; longitudinal; principal component analysis; constellation graph index
College: Faculty of Humanities and Social Sciences
Start Page: 113703