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A biomechanical model for the relation between bite force and mandibular opening angle in arthropods

Frederik Püffel Orcid Logo, Richard Johnston Orcid Logo, David Labonte Orcid Logo

Royal Society Open Science, Volume: 10, Issue: 2

Swansea University Author: Richard Johnston Orcid Logo

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DOI (Published version): 10.1098/rsos.221066

Abstract

Bite forces play a key role in animal ecology: they affect mating behaviour, fighting success, and the ability to feed. Although feeding habits of arthropods have an enormous ecological and economical impact, we lack fundamental knowledge on how the morphology and physiology of their bite apparatus...

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Published in: Royal Society Open Science
ISSN: 20545703 2054-5703
Published: The Royal Society 2023
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URI: https://cronfa.swan.ac.uk/Record/cronfa62400
first_indexed 2023-01-23T11:25:58Z
last_indexed 2024-11-14T12:20:53Z
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spelling 2023-11-15T12:36:49.3422434 v2 62400 2023-01-23 A biomechanical model for the relation between bite force and mandibular opening angle in arthropods 23282e7acce87dd926b8a62ae410a393 0000-0003-1977-6418 Richard Johnston Richard Johnston true false 2023-01-23 EAAS Bite forces play a key role in animal ecology: they affect mating behaviour, fighting success, and the ability to feed. Although feeding habits of arthropods have an enormous ecological and economical impact, we lack fundamental knowledge on how the morphology and physiology of their bite apparatus controls bite performance and its variation with mandible gape. To address this gap, we derived a comprehensive biomechanical model that characterises the relationship between bite force and mandibular opening angle from first principles. We validate the model by comparing its geometric predictions with morphological measurements on CT-scans of Atta cephalotes leaf-cutter ants. We then demonstrate its deductive and inductive power with three exemplary use cases: First, we extract the physiological properties of the leaf-cutter ant mandible closer muscle from in-vivo bite force measurements. Second, we show that leaf-cutter ants are extremely specialised for biting: they generate maximum bite forces equivalent to about 2600 times their body weight. Third, we discuss the relative importance of morphology and physiology in determining the magnitude and variation of bite force. We hope that our work will facilitate future comparative studies on the insect bite apparatus, and advance our knowledge of the behaviour, ecology and evolution of arthropods. Journal Article Royal Society Open Science 10 2 The Royal Society 20545703 2054-5703 28 2 2023 2023-02-28 10.1098/rsos.221066 http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rsos.221066 COLLEGE NANME Engineering and Applied Sciences School COLLEGE CODE EAAS Swansea University Another institution paid the OA fee ERC - 851705 Human Frontier Science Programme Young Investigator Award - RGY0073/2020 EPSCR - EP/M028267/1 2023-11-15T12:36:49.3422434 2023-01-23T11:16:07.3042108 Faculty of Science and Engineering School of Engineering and Applied Sciences - Materials Science and Engineering Frederik Püffel 0000-0002-3917-0942 1 Richard Johnston 0000-0003-1977-6418 2 David Labonte 0000-0002-1952-8732 3 62400__26749__446423580fd2461186464d1ba8c0161d.pdf 62400.pdf 2023-03-06T11:19:36.4443883 Output 1519382 application/pdf Version of Record true Published under the terms of the CreativeCommons Attribution License http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/, which permits unrestricted use, provided the original author and source are credited. true eng http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
title A biomechanical model for the relation between bite force and mandibular opening angle in arthropods
spellingShingle A biomechanical model for the relation between bite force and mandibular opening angle in arthropods
Richard Johnston
title_short A biomechanical model for the relation between bite force and mandibular opening angle in arthropods
title_full A biomechanical model for the relation between bite force and mandibular opening angle in arthropods
title_fullStr A biomechanical model for the relation between bite force and mandibular opening angle in arthropods
title_full_unstemmed A biomechanical model for the relation between bite force and mandibular opening angle in arthropods
title_sort A biomechanical model for the relation between bite force and mandibular opening angle in arthropods
author_id_str_mv 23282e7acce87dd926b8a62ae410a393
author_id_fullname_str_mv 23282e7acce87dd926b8a62ae410a393_***_Richard Johnston
author Richard Johnston
author2 Frederik Püffel
Richard Johnston
David Labonte
format Journal article
container_title Royal Society Open Science
container_volume 10
container_issue 2
publishDate 2023
institution Swansea University
issn 20545703
2054-5703
doi_str_mv 10.1098/rsos.221066
publisher The Royal Society
college_str Faculty of Science and Engineering
hierarchytype
hierarchy_top_id facultyofscienceandengineering
hierarchy_top_title Faculty of Science and Engineering
hierarchy_parent_id facultyofscienceandengineering
hierarchy_parent_title Faculty of Science and Engineering
department_str School of Engineering and Applied Sciences - Materials Science and Engineering{{{_:::_}}}Faculty of Science and Engineering{{{_:::_}}}School of Engineering and Applied Sciences - Materials Science and Engineering
url http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rsos.221066
document_store_str 1
active_str 0
description Bite forces play a key role in animal ecology: they affect mating behaviour, fighting success, and the ability to feed. Although feeding habits of arthropods have an enormous ecological and economical impact, we lack fundamental knowledge on how the morphology and physiology of their bite apparatus controls bite performance and its variation with mandible gape. To address this gap, we derived a comprehensive biomechanical model that characterises the relationship between bite force and mandibular opening angle from first principles. We validate the model by comparing its geometric predictions with morphological measurements on CT-scans of Atta cephalotes leaf-cutter ants. We then demonstrate its deductive and inductive power with three exemplary use cases: First, we extract the physiological properties of the leaf-cutter ant mandible closer muscle from in-vivo bite force measurements. Second, we show that leaf-cutter ants are extremely specialised for biting: they generate maximum bite forces equivalent to about 2600 times their body weight. Third, we discuss the relative importance of morphology and physiology in determining the magnitude and variation of bite force. We hope that our work will facilitate future comparative studies on the insect bite apparatus, and advance our knowledge of the behaviour, ecology and evolution of arthropods.
published_date 2023-02-28T14:27:28Z
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score 11.048129

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