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Structured reflection increases intentions to reduce other people’s health risks during COVID-19

Jairo Ramos, Marrissa D Grant, Stephan Dickert, Kimin Eom, Alex Flores, Gabriela Jiga-Boy Orcid Logo, Tehila Kogut Orcid Logo, Marcus Mayorga Orcid Logo, Eric J Pedersen Orcid Logo, Beatriz Pereira Orcid Logo, Enrico Rubaltelli Orcid Logo, David K Sherman, Paul Slovic Orcid Logo, Daniel Västfjäll, Leaf Van Boven Orcid Logo

PNAS Nexus, Volume: 1, Issue: 5

Swansea University Author: Gabriela Jiga-Boy Orcid Logo

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DOI (Published version): 10.1093/pnasnexus/pgac218

Abstract

People believe they should consider how their behavior might negatively impact other people, Yet their behavior often increases others’ health risks. This creates challenges for managing public health crises like the COVID-19 pandemic. We examined a procedure wherein people reflect on their personal...

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Published in: PNAS Nexus
ISSN: 2752-6542
Published: Oxford University Press (OUP) 2022
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URI: https://cronfa.swan.ac.uk/Record/cronfa62126
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We examined a procedure wherein people reflect on their personal criteria regarding how their behavior impacts others’ health risks. We expected structured reflection to increase people's intentions and decisions to reduce others’ health risks. Structured reflection increases attention to others’ health risks and the correspondence between people's personal criteria and behavioral intentions. In four experiments during COVID-19, people (N = 12,995) reported their personal criteria about how much specific attributes, including the impact on others’ health risks, should influence their behavior. Compared with control conditions, people who engaged in structured reflection reported greater intentions to reduce business capacity (experiment 1) and avoid large social gatherings (experiments 2 and 3). They also donated more to provide vaccines to refugees (experiment 4). These effects emerged across seven countries that varied in collectivism and COVID-19 case rates (experiments 1 and 2). 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spelling v2 62126 2022-12-06 Structured reflection increases intentions to reduce other people’s health risks during COVID-19 a608354fa16f9c5101ec79a6a7f1be6c 0000-0003-3163-8798 Gabriela Jiga-Boy Gabriela Jiga-Boy true false 2022-12-06 HPS People believe they should consider how their behavior might negatively impact other people, Yet their behavior often increases others’ health risks. This creates challenges for managing public health crises like the COVID-19 pandemic. We examined a procedure wherein people reflect on their personal criteria regarding how their behavior impacts others’ health risks. We expected structured reflection to increase people's intentions and decisions to reduce others’ health risks. Structured reflection increases attention to others’ health risks and the correspondence between people's personal criteria and behavioral intentions. In four experiments during COVID-19, people (N = 12,995) reported their personal criteria about how much specific attributes, including the impact on others’ health risks, should influence their behavior. Compared with control conditions, people who engaged in structured reflection reported greater intentions to reduce business capacity (experiment 1) and avoid large social gatherings (experiments 2 and 3). They also donated more to provide vaccines to refugees (experiment 4). These effects emerged across seven countries that varied in collectivism and COVID-19 case rates (experiments 1 and 2). Structured reflection was distinct from instructions to carefully deliberate (experiment 3). Structured reflection increased the correlation between personal criteria and behavioral intentions (experiments 1 and 3). And structured reflection increased donations more among people who scored lower in cognitive reflection compared with those who scored higher in cognitive reflection (experiment 4). These findings suggest that structured reflection can effectively increase behaviors to reduce public health risks. Journal Article PNAS Nexus 1 5 Oxford University Press (OUP) 2752-6542 COVID-19, decision making, boost, nudge, structured reflection 1 11 2022 2022-11-01 10.1093/pnasnexus/pgac218 Data Availability:Materials, data, analysis scripts, and results are available on Open Science Framework at https://osf.io/ewr7g/. COLLEGE NANME Psychology COLLEGE CODE HPS Swansea University This work was supported by the National Science Foundation grants SES: 2029183 to L.V.B. and 1757315 to P.S. 2024-02-02T08:43:45.3298631 2022-12-06T12:01:47.5845088 Faculty of Medicine, Health and Life Sciences School of Psychology Jairo Ramos 1 Marrissa D Grant 2 Stephan Dickert 3 Kimin Eom 4 Alex Flores 5 Gabriela Jiga-Boy 0000-0003-3163-8798 6 Tehila Kogut 0000-0001-8652-5112 7 Marcus Mayorga 0000-0001-5471-0655 8 Eric J Pedersen 0000-0003-4692-0577 9 Beatriz Pereira 0000-0002-1091-0943 10 Enrico Rubaltelli 0000-0002-7521-755x 11 David K Sherman 12 Paul Slovic 0000-0002-7473-6403 13 Daniel Västfjäll 14 Leaf Van Boven 0000-0003-4187-8779 15 62126__26216__223f16a07d9949f0b4a7b398e297e6c3.pdf 62126.pdf 2023-01-09T11:28:07.1127052 Output 1265309 application/pdf Version of Record true Copyright: The Author(s) 2022. This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License true eng https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
title Structured reflection increases intentions to reduce other people’s health risks during COVID-19
spellingShingle Structured reflection increases intentions to reduce other people’s health risks during COVID-19
Gabriela Jiga-Boy
title_short Structured reflection increases intentions to reduce other people’s health risks during COVID-19
title_full Structured reflection increases intentions to reduce other people’s health risks during COVID-19
title_fullStr Structured reflection increases intentions to reduce other people’s health risks during COVID-19
title_full_unstemmed Structured reflection increases intentions to reduce other people’s health risks during COVID-19
title_sort Structured reflection increases intentions to reduce other people’s health risks during COVID-19
author_id_str_mv a608354fa16f9c5101ec79a6a7f1be6c
author_id_fullname_str_mv a608354fa16f9c5101ec79a6a7f1be6c_***_Gabriela Jiga-Boy
author Gabriela Jiga-Boy
author2 Jairo Ramos
Marrissa D Grant
Stephan Dickert
Kimin Eom
Alex Flores
Gabriela Jiga-Boy
Tehila Kogut
Marcus Mayorga
Eric J Pedersen
Beatriz Pereira
Enrico Rubaltelli
David K Sherman
Paul Slovic
Daniel Västfjäll
Leaf Van Boven
format Journal article
container_title PNAS Nexus
container_volume 1
container_issue 5
publishDate 2022
institution Swansea University
issn 2752-6542
doi_str_mv 10.1093/pnasnexus/pgac218
publisher Oxford University Press (OUP)
college_str Faculty of Medicine, Health and Life Sciences
hierarchytype
hierarchy_top_id facultyofmedicinehealthandlifesciences
hierarchy_top_title Faculty of Medicine, Health and Life Sciences
hierarchy_parent_id facultyofmedicinehealthandlifesciences
hierarchy_parent_title Faculty of Medicine, Health and Life Sciences
department_str School of Psychology{{{_:::_}}}Faculty of Medicine, Health and Life Sciences{{{_:::_}}}School of Psychology
document_store_str 1
active_str 0
description People believe they should consider how their behavior might negatively impact other people, Yet their behavior often increases others’ health risks. This creates challenges for managing public health crises like the COVID-19 pandemic. We examined a procedure wherein people reflect on their personal criteria regarding how their behavior impacts others’ health risks. We expected structured reflection to increase people's intentions and decisions to reduce others’ health risks. Structured reflection increases attention to others’ health risks and the correspondence between people's personal criteria and behavioral intentions. In four experiments during COVID-19, people (N = 12,995) reported their personal criteria about how much specific attributes, including the impact on others’ health risks, should influence their behavior. Compared with control conditions, people who engaged in structured reflection reported greater intentions to reduce business capacity (experiment 1) and avoid large social gatherings (experiments 2 and 3). They also donated more to provide vaccines to refugees (experiment 4). These effects emerged across seven countries that varied in collectivism and COVID-19 case rates (experiments 1 and 2). Structured reflection was distinct from instructions to carefully deliberate (experiment 3). Structured reflection increased the correlation between personal criteria and behavioral intentions (experiments 1 and 3). And structured reflection increased donations more among people who scored lower in cognitive reflection compared with those who scored higher in cognitive reflection (experiment 4). These findings suggest that structured reflection can effectively increase behaviors to reduce public health risks.
published_date 2022-11-01T08:43:44Z
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score 11.013148

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