Journal article 712 views 60 downloads
Nudge and bias in subjective ratings? The role of icon sets in determining ratings of icon characteristics
Behavior Research Methods, Volume: 55, Issue: 7, Pages: 3513 - 3530
Swansea University Author: Irene Reppa
-
PDF | Version of Record
© The Author(s) 2022. This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License
Download (1.27MB)
DOI (Published version): 10.3758/s13428-022-01973-7
Abstract
Subjective ratings have been central to the evaluation of icon characteristics. The current study examined biases in ratings in relation to the context in which icons are presented. Context was manipulated between participants, with some groups rating icon sets with limited variability, and others r...
Published in: | Behavior Research Methods |
---|---|
ISSN: | 1554-3528 |
Published: |
Springer Science and Business Media LLC
2023
|
Online Access: |
Check full text
|
URI: | https://cronfa.swan.ac.uk/Record/cronfa61396 |
Tags: |
Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
|
first_indexed |
2022-10-01T11:18:41Z |
---|---|
last_indexed |
2023-01-13T19:22:08Z |
id |
cronfa61396 |
recordtype |
SURis |
fullrecord |
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?><rfc1807 xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:xsd="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema"><bib-version>v2</bib-version><id>61396</id><entry>2022-10-01</entry><title>Nudge and bias in subjective ratings? The role of icon sets in determining ratings of icon characteristics</title><swanseaauthors><author><sid>7824f127c16603af4e08530245a62400</sid><ORCID>0000-0002-2853-2311</ORCID><firstname>Irene</firstname><surname>Reppa</surname><name>Irene Reppa</name><active>true</active><ethesisStudent>false</ethesisStudent></author></swanseaauthors><date>2022-10-01</date><deptcode>PSYS</deptcode><abstract>Subjective ratings have been central to the evaluation of icon characteristics. The current study examined biases in ratings in relation to the context in which icons are presented. Context was manipulated between participants, with some groups rating icon sets with limited variability, and others rating icon sets with wide variability. It was predicted that the context created by the icon set would influence participants’ ratings; when the range of icons was limited, this would create bias given participants’ expectation that a full range of icon values was being presented. Six key icon characteristics were rated, which were visual (visual complexity, appeal), affective (valence, feelings), and semantic (concreteness, semantic distance). Some icon characteristics were susceptible to rating bias while others were not. Where subjective judgements were being made of visual icon characteristics (appeal/complexity) and highly concrete icons which were very pictorial, there was clear evidence of substantial bias in ratings. The same susceptibility to bias was not evident when ratings relied solely on learned semantic associations or were associated with the emotional attributions made to icons. The dynamic nature of the ratings bias was demonstrated when the rating context was changed without participants’ knowledge. When participants rated further blocks of icons providing a different range of the to-be-rated characteristic, this resulted in rapid and dramatic changes in rating behaviour. These findings demonstrate the need for representative sampling of icon characteristics to avoid ratings bias. Practically, this is important when determining the usability of newly designed icon sets in order to avoid over-valuing or under-valuing of key characteristics.</abstract><type>Journal Article</type><journal>Behavior Research Methods</journal><volume>55</volume><journalNumber>7</journalNumber><paginationStart>3513</paginationStart><paginationEnd>3530</paginationEnd><publisher>Springer Science and Business Media LLC</publisher><placeOfPublication/><isbnPrint/><isbnElectronic/><issnPrint/><issnElectronic>1554-3528</issnElectronic><keywords>Ratings bias; Icon ratings; Icon design and usability; Concreteness; Complexity; Visual appeal; Afect</keywords><publishedDay>1</publishedDay><publishedMonth>10</publishedMonth><publishedYear>2023</publishedYear><publishedDate>2023-10-01</publishedDate><doi>10.3758/s13428-022-01973-7</doi><url/><notes/><college>COLLEGE NANME</college><department>Psychology School</department><CollegeCode>COLLEGE CODE</CollegeCode><DepartmentCode>PSYS</DepartmentCode><institution>Swansea University</institution><apcterm>Another institution paid the OA fee</apcterm><funders/><projectreference/><lastEdited>2024-06-05T16:45:01.1369699</lastEdited><Created>2022-10-01T12:17:08.3238728</Created><path><level id="1">Faculty of Medicine, Health and Life Sciences</level><level id="2">School of Psychology</level></path><authors><author><firstname>Siné</firstname><surname>McDougall</surname><orcid>0000-0001-6595-1622</orcid><order>1</order></author><author><firstname>Irene</firstname><surname>Reppa</surname><orcid>0000-0002-2853-2311</orcid><order>2</order></author><author><firstname>Jacqui</firstname><surname>Taylor</surname><order>3</order></author></authors><documents><document><filename>61396__25612__2d5cb5bc4b234adb824bfeb51c7086c4.pdf</filename><originalFilename>61396_VoR.pdf</originalFilename><uploaded>2022-10-28T17:14:29.6871249</uploaded><type>Output</type><contentLength>1328360</contentLength><contentType>application/pdf</contentType><version>Version of Record</version><cronfaStatus>true</cronfaStatus><documentNotes>© The Author(s) 2022. This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License</documentNotes><copyrightCorrect>true</copyrightCorrect><language>eng</language><licence>http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/</licence></document></documents><OutputDurs/></rfc1807> |
spelling |
v2 61396 2022-10-01 Nudge and bias in subjective ratings? The role of icon sets in determining ratings of icon characteristics 7824f127c16603af4e08530245a62400 0000-0002-2853-2311 Irene Reppa Irene Reppa true false 2022-10-01 PSYS Subjective ratings have been central to the evaluation of icon characteristics. The current study examined biases in ratings in relation to the context in which icons are presented. Context was manipulated between participants, with some groups rating icon sets with limited variability, and others rating icon sets with wide variability. It was predicted that the context created by the icon set would influence participants’ ratings; when the range of icons was limited, this would create bias given participants’ expectation that a full range of icon values was being presented. Six key icon characteristics were rated, which were visual (visual complexity, appeal), affective (valence, feelings), and semantic (concreteness, semantic distance). Some icon characteristics were susceptible to rating bias while others were not. Where subjective judgements were being made of visual icon characteristics (appeal/complexity) and highly concrete icons which were very pictorial, there was clear evidence of substantial bias in ratings. The same susceptibility to bias was not evident when ratings relied solely on learned semantic associations or were associated with the emotional attributions made to icons. The dynamic nature of the ratings bias was demonstrated when the rating context was changed without participants’ knowledge. When participants rated further blocks of icons providing a different range of the to-be-rated characteristic, this resulted in rapid and dramatic changes in rating behaviour. These findings demonstrate the need for representative sampling of icon characteristics to avoid ratings bias. Practically, this is important when determining the usability of newly designed icon sets in order to avoid over-valuing or under-valuing of key characteristics. Journal Article Behavior Research Methods 55 7 3513 3530 Springer Science and Business Media LLC 1554-3528 Ratings bias; Icon ratings; Icon design and usability; Concreteness; Complexity; Visual appeal; Afect 1 10 2023 2023-10-01 10.3758/s13428-022-01973-7 COLLEGE NANME Psychology School COLLEGE CODE PSYS Swansea University Another institution paid the OA fee 2024-06-05T16:45:01.1369699 2022-10-01T12:17:08.3238728 Faculty of Medicine, Health and Life Sciences School of Psychology Siné McDougall 0000-0001-6595-1622 1 Irene Reppa 0000-0002-2853-2311 2 Jacqui Taylor 3 61396__25612__2d5cb5bc4b234adb824bfeb51c7086c4.pdf 61396_VoR.pdf 2022-10-28T17:14:29.6871249 Output 1328360 application/pdf Version of Record true © The Author(s) 2022. This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License true eng http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ |
title |
Nudge and bias in subjective ratings? The role of icon sets in determining ratings of icon characteristics |
spellingShingle |
Nudge and bias in subjective ratings? The role of icon sets in determining ratings of icon characteristics Irene Reppa |
title_short |
Nudge and bias in subjective ratings? The role of icon sets in determining ratings of icon characteristics |
title_full |
Nudge and bias in subjective ratings? The role of icon sets in determining ratings of icon characteristics |
title_fullStr |
Nudge and bias in subjective ratings? The role of icon sets in determining ratings of icon characteristics |
title_full_unstemmed |
Nudge and bias in subjective ratings? The role of icon sets in determining ratings of icon characteristics |
title_sort |
Nudge and bias in subjective ratings? The role of icon sets in determining ratings of icon characteristics |
author_id_str_mv |
7824f127c16603af4e08530245a62400 |
author_id_fullname_str_mv |
7824f127c16603af4e08530245a62400_***_Irene Reppa |
author |
Irene Reppa |
author2 |
Siné McDougall Irene Reppa Jacqui Taylor |
format |
Journal article |
container_title |
Behavior Research Methods |
container_volume |
55 |
container_issue |
7 |
container_start_page |
3513 |
publishDate |
2023 |
institution |
Swansea University |
issn |
1554-3528 |
doi_str_mv |
10.3758/s13428-022-01973-7 |
publisher |
Springer Science and Business Media LLC |
college_str |
Faculty of Medicine, Health and Life Sciences |
hierarchytype |
|
hierarchy_top_id |
facultyofmedicinehealthandlifesciences |
hierarchy_top_title |
Faculty of Medicine, Health and Life Sciences |
hierarchy_parent_id |
facultyofmedicinehealthandlifesciences |
hierarchy_parent_title |
Faculty of Medicine, Health and Life Sciences |
department_str |
School of Psychology{{{_:::_}}}Faculty of Medicine, Health and Life Sciences{{{_:::_}}}School of Psychology |
document_store_str |
1 |
active_str |
0 |
description |
Subjective ratings have been central to the evaluation of icon characteristics. The current study examined biases in ratings in relation to the context in which icons are presented. Context was manipulated between participants, with some groups rating icon sets with limited variability, and others rating icon sets with wide variability. It was predicted that the context created by the icon set would influence participants’ ratings; when the range of icons was limited, this would create bias given participants’ expectation that a full range of icon values was being presented. Six key icon characteristics were rated, which were visual (visual complexity, appeal), affective (valence, feelings), and semantic (concreteness, semantic distance). Some icon characteristics were susceptible to rating bias while others were not. Where subjective judgements were being made of visual icon characteristics (appeal/complexity) and highly concrete icons which were very pictorial, there was clear evidence of substantial bias in ratings. The same susceptibility to bias was not evident when ratings relied solely on learned semantic associations or were associated with the emotional attributions made to icons. The dynamic nature of the ratings bias was demonstrated when the rating context was changed without participants’ knowledge. When participants rated further blocks of icons providing a different range of the to-be-rated characteristic, this resulted in rapid and dramatic changes in rating behaviour. These findings demonstrate the need for representative sampling of icon characteristics to avoid ratings bias. Practically, this is important when determining the usability of newly designed icon sets in order to avoid over-valuing or under-valuing of key characteristics. |
published_date |
2023-10-01T16:45:00Z |
_version_ |
1801036550000082944 |
score |
11.037056 |