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Dissociable mechanisms of speed-accuracy tradeoff during visual perceptual learning are revealed by a hierarchical drift-diffusion model

Jiaxiang Zhang Orcid Logo, James B. Rowe

Frontiers in Neuroscience, Volume: 8

Swansea University Author: Jiaxiang Zhang Orcid Logo

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DOI (Published version): 10.3389/fnins.2014.00069

Abstract

Two phenomena are commonly observed in decision-making. First, there is a speed-accuracy tradeoff (SAT) such that decisions are slower and more accurate when instructions emphasize accuracy over speed, and vice versa. Second, decision performance improves with practice, as a task is learnt. The SAT...

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Published in: Frontiers in Neuroscience
ISSN: 1662-453X
Published: Frontiers Media SA 2014
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URI: https://cronfa.swan.ac.uk/Record/cronfa61340
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spelling 2022-10-11T12:48:29.7978767 v2 61340 2022-09-26 Dissociable mechanisms of speed-accuracy tradeoff during visual perceptual learning are revealed by a hierarchical drift-diffusion model 555e06e0ed9a87608f2d035b3bde3a87 0000-0002-4758-0394 Jiaxiang Zhang Jiaxiang Zhang true false 2022-09-26 MACS Two phenomena are commonly observed in decision-making. First, there is a speed-accuracy tradeoff (SAT) such that decisions are slower and more accurate when instructions emphasize accuracy over speed, and vice versa. Second, decision performance improves with practice, as a task is learnt. The SAT and learning effects have been explained under a well-established evidence-accumulation framework for decision-making, which suggests that evidence supporting each choice is accumulated over time, and a decision is committed to when the accumulated evidence reaches a decision boundary. This framework suggests that changing the decision boundary creates the tradeoff between decision speed and accuracy, while increasing the rate of accumulation leads to more accurate and faster decisions after learning. However, recent studies challenged the view that SAT and learning are associated with changes in distinct, single decision parameters. Further, the influence of speed-accuracy instructions over the course of learning remains largely unknown. Here, we used a hierarchical drift-diffusion model to examine the SAT during learning of a coherent motion discrimination task across multiple training sessions, and a transfer test session. The influence of speed-accuracy instructions was robust over training and generalized across untrained stimulus features. Emphasizing decision accuracy rather than speed was associated with increased boundary separation, drift rate and non-decision time at the beginning of training. However, after training, an emphasis on decision accuracy was only associated with increased boundary separation. In addition, faster and more accurate decisions after learning were due to a gradual decrease in boundary separation and an increase in drift rate. The results suggest that speed-accuracy instructions and learning differentially shape decision-making processes at different time scales. Journal Article Frontiers in Neuroscience 8 Frontiers Media SA 1662-453X speed-accuracy tradeoff, perceptual learning, drift-diffusion model, Bayesian parameter estimation,motion discrimination 9 4 2014 2014-04-09 10.3389/fnins.2014.00069 COLLEGE NANME Mathematics and Computer Science School COLLEGE CODE MACS Swansea University This work was supported by Medical Research Council program (MC-A060-5PQ30) and Wellcome Trust (088324). 2022-10-11T12:48:29.7978767 2022-09-26T11:35:37.6579908 Faculty of Science and Engineering School of Mathematics and Computer Science - Computer Science Jiaxiang Zhang 0000-0002-4758-0394 1 James B. Rowe 2
title Dissociable mechanisms of speed-accuracy tradeoff during visual perceptual learning are revealed by a hierarchical drift-diffusion model
spellingShingle Dissociable mechanisms of speed-accuracy tradeoff during visual perceptual learning are revealed by a hierarchical drift-diffusion model
Jiaxiang Zhang
title_short Dissociable mechanisms of speed-accuracy tradeoff during visual perceptual learning are revealed by a hierarchical drift-diffusion model
title_full Dissociable mechanisms of speed-accuracy tradeoff during visual perceptual learning are revealed by a hierarchical drift-diffusion model
title_fullStr Dissociable mechanisms of speed-accuracy tradeoff during visual perceptual learning are revealed by a hierarchical drift-diffusion model
title_full_unstemmed Dissociable mechanisms of speed-accuracy tradeoff during visual perceptual learning are revealed by a hierarchical drift-diffusion model
title_sort Dissociable mechanisms of speed-accuracy tradeoff during visual perceptual learning are revealed by a hierarchical drift-diffusion model
author_id_str_mv 555e06e0ed9a87608f2d035b3bde3a87
author_id_fullname_str_mv 555e06e0ed9a87608f2d035b3bde3a87_***_Jiaxiang Zhang
author Jiaxiang Zhang
author2 Jiaxiang Zhang
James B. Rowe
format Journal article
container_title Frontiers in Neuroscience
container_volume 8
publishDate 2014
institution Swansea University
issn 1662-453X
doi_str_mv 10.3389/fnins.2014.00069
publisher Frontiers Media SA
college_str Faculty of Science and Engineering
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hierarchy_top_id facultyofscienceandengineering
hierarchy_top_title Faculty of Science and Engineering
hierarchy_parent_id facultyofscienceandengineering
hierarchy_parent_title Faculty of Science and Engineering
department_str School of Mathematics and Computer Science - Computer Science{{{_:::_}}}Faculty of Science and Engineering{{{_:::_}}}School of Mathematics and Computer Science - Computer Science
document_store_str 0
active_str 0
description Two phenomena are commonly observed in decision-making. First, there is a speed-accuracy tradeoff (SAT) such that decisions are slower and more accurate when instructions emphasize accuracy over speed, and vice versa. Second, decision performance improves with practice, as a task is learnt. The SAT and learning effects have been explained under a well-established evidence-accumulation framework for decision-making, which suggests that evidence supporting each choice is accumulated over time, and a decision is committed to when the accumulated evidence reaches a decision boundary. This framework suggests that changing the decision boundary creates the tradeoff between decision speed and accuracy, while increasing the rate of accumulation leads to more accurate and faster decisions after learning. However, recent studies challenged the view that SAT and learning are associated with changes in distinct, single decision parameters. Further, the influence of speed-accuracy instructions over the course of learning remains largely unknown. Here, we used a hierarchical drift-diffusion model to examine the SAT during learning of a coherent motion discrimination task across multiple training sessions, and a transfer test session. The influence of speed-accuracy instructions was robust over training and generalized across untrained stimulus features. Emphasizing decision accuracy rather than speed was associated with increased boundary separation, drift rate and non-decision time at the beginning of training. However, after training, an emphasis on decision accuracy was only associated with increased boundary separation. In addition, faster and more accurate decisions after learning were due to a gradual decrease in boundary separation and an increase in drift rate. The results suggest that speed-accuracy instructions and learning differentially shape decision-making processes at different time scales.
published_date 2014-04-09T20:15:46Z
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score 11.04748

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