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Self‐harm, in‐person bullying and cyberbullying in secondary school‐aged children: A data linkage study in Wales

Ann John Orcid Logo, Sze Chim Lee, Alice Puchades, Marcos del Pozo Banos Orcid Logo, Kelly Morgan, Nicholas Page, Graham Moore, Simon Murphy

Journal of Adolescence, Volume: 95, Issue: 1, Pages: 97 - 114

Swansea University Authors: Ann John Orcid Logo, Sze Chim Lee, Alice Puchades, Marcos del Pozo Banos Orcid Logo

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DOI (Published version): 10.1002/jad.12102

Abstract

Introduction: Although the evidence base on bullying victimisation and self-harm in young people has been growing, most studies were cross-sectional, relied on self-reported non-validated measures of self-harm, and did not separate effects of in-person and cyberbullying. This study aimed to assess a...

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Published in: Journal of Adolescence
ISSN: 0140-1971 1095-9254
Published: Wiley 2022
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URI: https://cronfa.swan.ac.uk/Record/cronfa61294
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This study aimed to assess associations of self-harm following in-person bullying at school and cyberbullying victimisation controlling for covariates.Methods: School survey data from 11-16 years pupils collected in 2017 from 39 Welsh secondary schools were linked to routinely collected data. Inverse probability weighting was performed to circumvent selection bias. Survival analyses for recurrent events were conducted to evaluate relative risks (adjusted hazard ratios, AHR) of self-harm among bullying groups within two years following survey completion.Results: 35.0% (weighted N = 6813) of pupils reported being bullied, with 18.1%, 6.4% and 10.5% being victims of in-person bullying at school only, cyberbullying only and both in-person bullying at school and cyberbullying respectively. Adjusting for covariates, effect sizes for self-harm were significant after being in-person bullied at school only (AHR = 2.2 (1.1-4.3)) and being both in-person bullied at school and cyberbullied (AHR = 2.2 (1.0-4.7)) but not being cyberbullied only (AHR = 1.2 (0.4-3.3)). Feeling lonely during recent summer holidays was also a robust predictor (AHR = 2.2 (1.2-4.0)).Conclusions: We reaffirm the role of in-person bullying victimisation on self-harm. Pupils were twice as likely to self-harm following in-person bullying as their non-victimised peers. Interventions for young people that minimise the potential impacts of bullying on self-harm should also include strategies to prevent loneliness.</abstract><type>Journal Article</type><journal>Journal of Adolescence</journal><volume>95</volume><journalNumber>1</journalNumber><paginationStart>97</paginationStart><paginationEnd>114</paginationEnd><publisher>Wiley</publisher><placeOfPublication/><isbnPrint/><isbnElectronic/><issnPrint>0140-1971</issnPrint><issnElectronic>1095-9254</issnElectronic><keywords>cyberbullying; bullying; data linkage; loneliness; school-based survey; self-harm</keywords><publishedDay>9</publishedDay><publishedMonth>10</publishedMonth><publishedYear>2022</publishedYear><publishedDate>2022-10-09</publishedDate><doi>10.1002/jad.12102</doi><url/><notes/><college>COLLEGE NANME</college><department>Medical School</department><CollegeCode>COLLEGE CODE</CollegeCode><DepartmentCode>MEDS</DepartmentCode><institution>Swansea University</institution><apcterm/><funders>Centre for the Development and Evaluation of Complex Interventions for Public Health Improvement; MQ Mental Health Research Charity (Grant Reference MQBF/3 ADP); Medical Research Council (MC/PC/17212 and MC/PC/17211); Wolfson Centre for Young People's Mental Health (Grant number 517483)</funders><projectreference/><lastEdited>2024-07-15T12:12:33.5575894</lastEdited><Created>2022-09-21T13:54:58.3274010</Created><path><level id="1">Faculty of Medicine, Health and Life Sciences</level><level id="2">Swansea University Medical School - Medicine</level></path><authors><author><firstname>Ann</firstname><surname>John</surname><orcid>0000-0002-5657-6995</orcid><order>1</order></author><author><firstname>Sze Chim</firstname><surname>Lee</surname><order>2</order></author><author><firstname>Alice</firstname><surname>Puchades</surname><order>3</order></author><author><firstname>Marcos</firstname><surname>del Pozo Banos</surname><orcid>0000-0003-1502-389X</orcid><order>4</order></author><author><firstname>Kelly</firstname><surname>Morgan</surname><order>5</order></author><author><firstname>Nicholas</firstname><surname>Page</surname><order>6</order></author><author><firstname>Graham</firstname><surname>Moore</surname><order>7</order></author><author><firstname>Simon</firstname><surname>Murphy</surname><order>8</order></author></authors><documents><document><filename>61294__25424__00b3e293c57247e4b990c5c2efdf5725.pdf</filename><originalFilename>61294_VoR.pdf</originalFilename><uploaded>2022-10-12T14:16:52.6863404</uploaded><type>Output</type><contentLength>1734959</contentLength><contentType>application/pdf</contentType><version>Version of Record</version><cronfaStatus>true</cronfaStatus><documentNotes>© 2022 The Authors. 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spelling v2 61294 2022-09-21 Self‐harm, in‐person bullying and cyberbullying in secondary school‐aged children: A data linkage study in Wales ed8a9c37bd7b7235b762d941ef18ee55 0000-0002-5657-6995 Ann John Ann John true false 10628af4988d624b49c4de7bd78b4694 Sze Chim Lee Sze Chim Lee true false d3d4bc527e3b9e9f778e06dfd3966374 Alice Puchades Alice Puchades true false f141785b1c0ab9efe45665d35c081b84 0000-0003-1502-389X Marcos del Pozo Banos Marcos del Pozo Banos true false 2022-09-21 MEDS Introduction: Although the evidence base on bullying victimisation and self-harm in young people has been growing, most studies were cross-sectional, relied on self-reported non-validated measures of self-harm, and did not separate effects of in-person and cyberbullying. This study aimed to assess associations of self-harm following in-person bullying at school and cyberbullying victimisation controlling for covariates.Methods: School survey data from 11-16 years pupils collected in 2017 from 39 Welsh secondary schools were linked to routinely collected data. Inverse probability weighting was performed to circumvent selection bias. Survival analyses for recurrent events were conducted to evaluate relative risks (adjusted hazard ratios, AHR) of self-harm among bullying groups within two years following survey completion.Results: 35.0% (weighted N = 6813) of pupils reported being bullied, with 18.1%, 6.4% and 10.5% being victims of in-person bullying at school only, cyberbullying only and both in-person bullying at school and cyberbullying respectively. Adjusting for covariates, effect sizes for self-harm were significant after being in-person bullied at school only (AHR = 2.2 (1.1-4.3)) and being both in-person bullied at school and cyberbullied (AHR = 2.2 (1.0-4.7)) but not being cyberbullied only (AHR = 1.2 (0.4-3.3)). Feeling lonely during recent summer holidays was also a robust predictor (AHR = 2.2 (1.2-4.0)).Conclusions: We reaffirm the role of in-person bullying victimisation on self-harm. Pupils were twice as likely to self-harm following in-person bullying as their non-victimised peers. Interventions for young people that minimise the potential impacts of bullying on self-harm should also include strategies to prevent loneliness. Journal Article Journal of Adolescence 95 1 97 114 Wiley 0140-1971 1095-9254 cyberbullying; bullying; data linkage; loneliness; school-based survey; self-harm 9 10 2022 2022-10-09 10.1002/jad.12102 COLLEGE NANME Medical School COLLEGE CODE MEDS Swansea University Centre for the Development and Evaluation of Complex Interventions for Public Health Improvement; MQ Mental Health Research Charity (Grant Reference MQBF/3 ADP); Medical Research Council (MC/PC/17212 and MC/PC/17211); Wolfson Centre for Young People's Mental Health (Grant number 517483) 2024-07-15T12:12:33.5575894 2022-09-21T13:54:58.3274010 Faculty of Medicine, Health and Life Sciences Swansea University Medical School - Medicine Ann John 0000-0002-5657-6995 1 Sze Chim Lee 2 Alice Puchades 3 Marcos del Pozo Banos 0000-0003-1502-389X 4 Kelly Morgan 5 Nicholas Page 6 Graham Moore 7 Simon Murphy 8 61294__25424__00b3e293c57247e4b990c5c2efdf5725.pdf 61294_VoR.pdf 2022-10-12T14:16:52.6863404 Output 1734959 application/pdf Version of Record true © 2022 The Authors. This is an open access article under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution‐NonCommercial License true eng http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/
title Self‐harm, in‐person bullying and cyberbullying in secondary school‐aged children: A data linkage study in Wales
spellingShingle Self‐harm, in‐person bullying and cyberbullying in secondary school‐aged children: A data linkage study in Wales
Ann John
Sze Chim Lee
Alice Puchades
Marcos del Pozo Banos
title_short Self‐harm, in‐person bullying and cyberbullying in secondary school‐aged children: A data linkage study in Wales
title_full Self‐harm, in‐person bullying and cyberbullying in secondary school‐aged children: A data linkage study in Wales
title_fullStr Self‐harm, in‐person bullying and cyberbullying in secondary school‐aged children: A data linkage study in Wales
title_full_unstemmed Self‐harm, in‐person bullying and cyberbullying in secondary school‐aged children: A data linkage study in Wales
title_sort Self‐harm, in‐person bullying and cyberbullying in secondary school‐aged children: A data linkage study in Wales
author_id_str_mv ed8a9c37bd7b7235b762d941ef18ee55
10628af4988d624b49c4de7bd78b4694
d3d4bc527e3b9e9f778e06dfd3966374
f141785b1c0ab9efe45665d35c081b84
author_id_fullname_str_mv ed8a9c37bd7b7235b762d941ef18ee55_***_Ann John
10628af4988d624b49c4de7bd78b4694_***_Sze Chim Lee
d3d4bc527e3b9e9f778e06dfd3966374_***_Alice Puchades
f141785b1c0ab9efe45665d35c081b84_***_Marcos del Pozo Banos
author Ann John
Sze Chim Lee
Alice Puchades
Marcos del Pozo Banos
author2 Ann John
Sze Chim Lee
Alice Puchades
Marcos del Pozo Banos
Kelly Morgan
Nicholas Page
Graham Moore
Simon Murphy
format Journal article
container_title Journal of Adolescence
container_volume 95
container_issue 1
container_start_page 97
publishDate 2022
institution Swansea University
issn 0140-1971
1095-9254
doi_str_mv 10.1002/jad.12102
publisher Wiley
college_str Faculty of Medicine, Health and Life Sciences
hierarchytype
hierarchy_top_id facultyofmedicinehealthandlifesciences
hierarchy_top_title Faculty of Medicine, Health and Life Sciences
hierarchy_parent_id facultyofmedicinehealthandlifesciences
hierarchy_parent_title Faculty of Medicine, Health and Life Sciences
department_str Swansea University Medical School - Medicine{{{_:::_}}}Faculty of Medicine, Health and Life Sciences{{{_:::_}}}Swansea University Medical School - Medicine
document_store_str 1
active_str 0
description Introduction: Although the evidence base on bullying victimisation and self-harm in young people has been growing, most studies were cross-sectional, relied on self-reported non-validated measures of self-harm, and did not separate effects of in-person and cyberbullying. This study aimed to assess associations of self-harm following in-person bullying at school and cyberbullying victimisation controlling for covariates.Methods: School survey data from 11-16 years pupils collected in 2017 from 39 Welsh secondary schools were linked to routinely collected data. Inverse probability weighting was performed to circumvent selection bias. Survival analyses for recurrent events were conducted to evaluate relative risks (adjusted hazard ratios, AHR) of self-harm among bullying groups within two years following survey completion.Results: 35.0% (weighted N = 6813) of pupils reported being bullied, with 18.1%, 6.4% and 10.5% being victims of in-person bullying at school only, cyberbullying only and both in-person bullying at school and cyberbullying respectively. Adjusting for covariates, effect sizes for self-harm were significant after being in-person bullied at school only (AHR = 2.2 (1.1-4.3)) and being both in-person bullied at school and cyberbullied (AHR = 2.2 (1.0-4.7)) but not being cyberbullied only (AHR = 1.2 (0.4-3.3)). Feeling lonely during recent summer holidays was also a robust predictor (AHR = 2.2 (1.2-4.0)).Conclusions: We reaffirm the role of in-person bullying victimisation on self-harm. Pupils were twice as likely to self-harm following in-person bullying as their non-victimised peers. Interventions for young people that minimise the potential impacts of bullying on self-harm should also include strategies to prevent loneliness.
published_date 2022-10-09T12:12:32Z
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