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Delivering The Hydrogen Economy / MAXIMILLIAN NEWBERRY

Swansea University Author: MAXIMILLIAN NEWBERRY

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Abstract

Hydrogen can be burned as a heating fuel and used to generate electricity with fuel cells. Hydrogen can be stored and transported in a variety of methods, primarily as a compressed gas (CGH2) or as a cryogenic liquid (LH2). CGH2 was found to be the most economic form of hydrogen storage when utilisi...

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Published: Swansea 2022
Institution: Swansea University
Degree level: Master of Research
Degree name: MSc by Research
Supervisor: Dunnill, Charlie
URI: https://cronfa.swan.ac.uk/Record/cronfa60033
first_indexed 2022-05-16T10:24:08Z
last_indexed 2022-05-17T03:36:28Z
id cronfa60033
recordtype RisThesis
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spelling 2022-05-16T11:35:29.2920200 v2 60033 2022-05-16 Delivering The Hydrogen Economy 2d0d153343e4f8d2baa3771e22977bd0 MAXIMILLIAN NEWBERRY MAXIMILLIAN NEWBERRY true false 2022-05-16 Hydrogen can be burned as a heating fuel and used to generate electricity with fuel cells. Hydrogen can be stored and transported in a variety of methods, primarily as a compressed gas (CGH2) or as a cryogenic liquid (LH2). CGH2 was found to be the most economic form of hydrogen storage when utilising pressure vessels, has the lowest storage energy penalty, and exhibits long term and geological storage capabilities. LH2 was found to be more economical for transportation via road and rail, and to achieve the highest gravimetric and volumetric energy densities.Hydrogen storage systems were found to achieve gravimetric storage densities of up to 1490 Wh/kg, far exceeding lithium-ion cell densities of 243 Wh/kg. This along with long term storage capabilities makes hydrogen preferable for decarbon-ising off-grid heating, large scale mobility electrification and aviation. Hydrogen is also essential for decarbonising the steel industry.Hydrogen produced from steam-methane reforming with carbon capture (blue hydrogen) was found to insufficiently reduce greenhouse gas emissions, therefore, hydrogen produced from water splitting using renewable energy (green hydrogen) and nuclear power (pink hydrogen) were assumed to be the key methods of hydro-gen production in future infrastructure.Comparisons between on-site production, container swap and static tanks utilis-ing the refill method were found to all have important benefits and drawbacks thus underlining the need for all systems in the emerging green hydrogen economy.Understanding the specific pros and cons of each storage and transportation method lead to the conclusion that both CGH2 and LH2 along with type 1, 2, 3, 4 and cryogenic vessels are likely to all be required in specific scenarios with an em-phasis on the need for low cost mobile pressure vessels using the container swap method and the development of a mobile LH2 to static CGH2 refill infrastructure. E-Thesis Swansea Hydrogen, Energy, Energy Storage, Renewables, Green Hydrogen, Pink Hydrogen, Pressure Vessels, Decarbonisation, Electrification 10 5 2022 2022-05-10 ORCiD identifier: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0654-874X COLLEGE NANME COLLEGE CODE Swansea University Dunnill, Charlie Master of Research MSc by Research M2A Coated, Unitbirwelco, European Social Fund 2022-05-16T11:35:29.2920200 2022-05-16T11:20:51.2509950 Faculty of Science and Engineering School of Engineering and Applied Sciences - Uncategorised MAXIMILLIAN NEWBERRY 1 60033__24088__6651e6c435c448c7986ac997e76bc44f.pdf Newberry_Max_MSc_Research_Embargoed_Thesis_Final_Redacted_Signature.pdf 2022-05-16T11:29:04.3403854 Output 6068532 application/pdf E-Thesis – open access true 2022-09-30T00:00:00.0000000 Copyright: The Author, Maximillian Newberry, 2022. true eng
title Delivering The Hydrogen Economy
spellingShingle Delivering The Hydrogen Economy
MAXIMILLIAN NEWBERRY
title_short Delivering The Hydrogen Economy
title_full Delivering The Hydrogen Economy
title_fullStr Delivering The Hydrogen Economy
title_full_unstemmed Delivering The Hydrogen Economy
title_sort Delivering The Hydrogen Economy
author_id_str_mv 2d0d153343e4f8d2baa3771e22977bd0
author_id_fullname_str_mv 2d0d153343e4f8d2baa3771e22977bd0_***_MAXIMILLIAN NEWBERRY
author MAXIMILLIAN NEWBERRY
author2 MAXIMILLIAN NEWBERRY
format E-Thesis
publishDate 2022
institution Swansea University
college_str Faculty of Science and Engineering
hierarchytype
hierarchy_top_id facultyofscienceandengineering
hierarchy_top_title Faculty of Science and Engineering
hierarchy_parent_id facultyofscienceandengineering
hierarchy_parent_title Faculty of Science and Engineering
department_str School of Engineering and Applied Sciences - Uncategorised{{{_:::_}}}Faculty of Science and Engineering{{{_:::_}}}School of Engineering and Applied Sciences - Uncategorised
document_store_str 1
active_str 0
description Hydrogen can be burned as a heating fuel and used to generate electricity with fuel cells. Hydrogen can be stored and transported in a variety of methods, primarily as a compressed gas (CGH2) or as a cryogenic liquid (LH2). CGH2 was found to be the most economic form of hydrogen storage when utilising pressure vessels, has the lowest storage energy penalty, and exhibits long term and geological storage capabilities. LH2 was found to be more economical for transportation via road and rail, and to achieve the highest gravimetric and volumetric energy densities.Hydrogen storage systems were found to achieve gravimetric storage densities of up to 1490 Wh/kg, far exceeding lithium-ion cell densities of 243 Wh/kg. This along with long term storage capabilities makes hydrogen preferable for decarbon-ising off-grid heating, large scale mobility electrification and aviation. Hydrogen is also essential for decarbonising the steel industry.Hydrogen produced from steam-methane reforming with carbon capture (blue hydrogen) was found to insufficiently reduce greenhouse gas emissions, therefore, hydrogen produced from water splitting using renewable energy (green hydrogen) and nuclear power (pink hydrogen) were assumed to be the key methods of hydro-gen production in future infrastructure.Comparisons between on-site production, container swap and static tanks utilis-ing the refill method were found to all have important benefits and drawbacks thus underlining the need for all systems in the emerging green hydrogen economy.Understanding the specific pros and cons of each storage and transportation method lead to the conclusion that both CGH2 and LH2 along with type 1, 2, 3, 4 and cryogenic vessels are likely to all be required in specific scenarios with an em-phasis on the need for low cost mobile pressure vessels using the container swap method and the development of a mobile LH2 to static CGH2 refill infrastructure.
published_date 2022-05-10T09:17:19Z
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score 11.059144

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