The effects of age-bias on neural correlates of successful and unsuccessful response inhibition

Hanley, Claire; Burns, Natasha; Thomas, Hannah R.; Marstaller, Lars; Burianova, Hana

doi:10.1016/j.bbr.2022.113877

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The effects of age-bias on neural correlates of successful and unsuccessful response inhibition

Claire Hanley

, Natasha Burns, Hannah R. Thomas, Lars Marstaller, Hana Burianova

Behavioural Brain Research, Volume: 428, Start page: 113877

Swansea University Authors: Claire Hanley , Hana Burianova

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DOI (Published version): 10.1016/j.bbr.2022.113877

Abstract

Response inhibition is important for adherence to social norms, especially when norms conflict with biases based on one’s social identity. While previous studies have shown that in-group bias generally modulates neural activity related to stimulus appraisal, it is unclear whether and how an in-group...

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Published in:	Behavioural Brain Research
ISSN:	0166-4328
Published:	Elsevier BV 2022
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first_indexed	2022-04-12T12:06:27Z
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While previous studies have shown that in-group bias generally modulates neural activity related to stimulus appraisal, it is unclear whether and how an in-group bias based on age affects neural information processing during response inhibition. To assess this potential influence, young adults completed a Go/NoGo task incorporating younger face (in-group) and older face (out-group) stimuli while undergoing functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI). Our results replicated previous findings by demonstrating higher accuracy in successful Go compared to NoGo trials, as well as the engagement of nodes of the response inhibition network during successful response inhibition, and brain regions comprising the salience network during unsuccessful response inhibition. Importantly, despite a lack of behavioural differences, our results showed that younger and older face stimuli modulated activity in the response inhibition and salience networks during successful and unsuccessful inhibition, respectively. Interestingly, these effects were not uniform across networks. During successful response inhibition, in-group stimuli increased activity in medial prefrontal cortex and temporo-parietal junction, whereas out-group stimuli more strongly engaged pre-supplemental motor area. During unsuccessful response inhibition, in-group stimuli increased activity in posterior insula, whereas out-group stimuli more strongly engaged angular gyrus and intraparietal sulcus. 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spelling	2022-11-29T10:52:08.7057864 v2 59799 2022-04-12 The effects of age-bias on neural correlates of successful and unsuccessful response inhibition 8a50e5bcfe0164091b248e4602789bd7 0000-0002-9520-8490 Claire Hanley Claire Hanley true false f178a110f104aa27e2873a0a190ad032 Hana Burianova Hana Burianova true false 2022-04-12 HPS Response inhibition is important for adherence to social norms, especially when norms conflict with biases based on one’s social identity. While previous studies have shown that in-group bias generally modulates neural activity related to stimulus appraisal, it is unclear whether and how an in-group bias based on age affects neural information processing during response inhibition. To assess this potential influence, young adults completed a Go/NoGo task incorporating younger face (in-group) and older face (out-group) stimuli while undergoing functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI). Our results replicated previous findings by demonstrating higher accuracy in successful Go compared to NoGo trials, as well as the engagement of nodes of the response inhibition network during successful response inhibition, and brain regions comprising the salience network during unsuccessful response inhibition. Importantly, despite a lack of behavioural differences, our results showed that younger and older face stimuli modulated activity in the response inhibition and salience networks during successful and unsuccessful inhibition, respectively. Interestingly, these effects were not uniform across networks. During successful response inhibition, in-group stimuli increased activity in medial prefrontal cortex and temporo-parietal junction, whereas out-group stimuli more strongly engaged pre-supplemental motor area. During unsuccessful response inhibition, in-group stimuli increased activity in posterior insula, whereas out-group stimuli more strongly engaged angular gyrus and intraparietal sulcus. Consequently, the results infer the presence of an age-bias effect in the context of inhibitory control, which has substantial implications for future experimental design and may also provide the means of investigating the neural correlates of implicit beliefs that contribute to ageism. Journal Article Behavioural Brain Research 428 113877 Elsevier BV 0166-4328 Age-bias, Face processing, fMRI, Go/NoGo, Response inhibition, Social cognition 25 6 2022 2022-06-25 10.1016/j.bbr.2022.113877 COLLEGE NANME Psychology COLLEGE CODE HPS Swansea University SU Library paid the OA fee (TA Institutional Deal) No external sources of funding. The research was supported by Department of Psychology, Swansea University. This research did not receive any specific grant from funding agencies in the public, commercial, or not-for-profit sectors. 2022-11-29T10:52:08.7057864 2022-04-12T12:53:12.7821993 Faculty of Medicine, Health and Life Sciences School of Psychology Claire Hanley 0000-0002-9520-8490 1 Natasha Burns 2 Hannah R. Thomas 3 Lars Marstaller 4 Hana Burianova 5 59799__24035__ef4a04e17945422fa6c9164934df8a02.pdf 59799.pdf 2022-05-09T14:14:16.5267096 Output 4517817 application/pdf Version of Record true © 2022 The Authors. This is an open access article under the CC BY license true eng http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
title	The effects of age-bias on neural correlates of successful and unsuccessful response inhibition
spellingShingle	The effects of age-bias on neural correlates of successful and unsuccessful response inhibition Claire Hanley Hana Burianova
title_short	The effects of age-bias on neural correlates of successful and unsuccessful response inhibition
title_full	The effects of age-bias on neural correlates of successful and unsuccessful response inhibition
title_fullStr	The effects of age-bias on neural correlates of successful and unsuccessful response inhibition
title_full_unstemmed	The effects of age-bias on neural correlates of successful and unsuccessful response inhibition
title_sort	The effects of age-bias on neural correlates of successful and unsuccessful response inhibition
author_id_str_mv	8a50e5bcfe0164091b248e4602789bd7 f178a110f104aa27e2873a0a190ad032
author_id_fullname_str_mv	8a50e5bcfe0164091b248e4602789bd7_*_Claire Hanley f178a110f104aa27e2873a0a190ad032_*_Hana Burianova
author	Claire Hanley Hana Burianova
author2	Claire Hanley Natasha Burns Hannah R. Thomas Lars Marstaller Hana Burianova
format	Journal article
container_title	Behavioural Brain Research
container_volume	428
container_start_page	113877
publishDate	2022
institution	Swansea University
issn	0166-4328
doi_str_mv	10.1016/j.bbr.2022.113877
publisher	Elsevier BV
college_str	Faculty of Medicine, Health and Life Sciences
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department_str	School of Psychology{{{_:::_}}}Faculty of Medicine, Health and Life Sciences{{{_:::_}}}School of Psychology
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description	Response inhibition is important for adherence to social norms, especially when norms conflict with biases based on one’s social identity. While previous studies have shown that in-group bias generally modulates neural activity related to stimulus appraisal, it is unclear whether and how an in-group bias based on age affects neural information processing during response inhibition. To assess this potential influence, young adults completed a Go/NoGo task incorporating younger face (in-group) and older face (out-group) stimuli while undergoing functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI). Our results replicated previous findings by demonstrating higher accuracy in successful Go compared to NoGo trials, as well as the engagement of nodes of the response inhibition network during successful response inhibition, and brain regions comprising the salience network during unsuccessful response inhibition. Importantly, despite a lack of behavioural differences, our results showed that younger and older face stimuli modulated activity in the response inhibition and salience networks during successful and unsuccessful inhibition, respectively. Interestingly, these effects were not uniform across networks. During successful response inhibition, in-group stimuli increased activity in medial prefrontal cortex and temporo-parietal junction, whereas out-group stimuli more strongly engaged pre-supplemental motor area. During unsuccessful response inhibition, in-group stimuli increased activity in posterior insula, whereas out-group stimuli more strongly engaged angular gyrus and intraparietal sulcus. Consequently, the results infer the presence of an age-bias effect in the context of inhibitory control, which has substantial implications for future experimental design and may also provide the means of investigating the neural correlates of implicit beliefs that contribute to ageism.
published_date	2022-06-25T04:17:22Z
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The effects of age-bias on neural correlates of successful and unsuccessful response inhibition

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