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Sympathetically Laser-Cooled Positron Plasmas for Antihydrogen Formation / JACK JONES

Swansea University Author: JACK JONES

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DOI (Published version): 10.23889/SUthesis.59731

Abstract

Answering the question of why we live in a matter-dominated universe is of great interest to contemporary physicists, as the Standard Model of Particle Physics predicts that matter and an-timatter should only ever be produced in equal parts. Antihydrogen is a good candidate for searches for asymmetr...

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Published: Swansea 2022
Institution: Swansea University
Degree level: Doctoral
Degree name: Ph.D
Supervisor: Madsen, Niels ; Eriksson, Stefan
URI: https://cronfa.swan.ac.uk/Record/cronfa59731
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last_indexed 2022-03-30T03:27:46Z
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fullrecord <?xml version="1.0"?><rfc1807><datestamp>2022-03-29T10:58:25.2483608</datestamp><bib-version>v2</bib-version><id>59731</id><entry>2022-03-29</entry><title>Sympathetically Laser-Cooled Positron Plasmas for Antihydrogen Formation</title><swanseaauthors><author><sid>462ce357bc1207cd95c46ef1610fa944</sid><firstname>JACK</firstname><surname>JONES</surname><name>JACK JONES</name><active>true</active><ethesisStudent>false</ethesisStudent></author></swanseaauthors><date>2022-03-29</date><abstract>Answering the question of why we live in a matter-dominated universe is of great interest to contemporary physicists, as the Standard Model of Particle Physics predicts that matter and an-timatter should only ever be produced in equal parts. Antihydrogen is a good candidate for searches for asymmetries between matter and antimatter as it is the simplest antimatter bound state, and it has an extremely well-understood matter counterpart: the hydrogen atom. The AL-PHA collaboration at CERN can now routinely trap several hundred antihydrogen atoms in a magnetic trap, allowing precise measurements of the fundamental properties of antihydrogen.ALPHA currently traps around 20 antihydrogen atoms every few minutes, so accumulat-ing enough antiatoms to perform precision measurements can take many hours. Increasing this trapping rate would allow for faster or more precise measurements. Simulations and experimen-tal data show that there is a strong correlation between the temperature of the positron plasma used in antihydrogen formation and the trapping rate that can be achieved. This thesis describes work towards using laser-cooled beryllium ions to obtain colder positron plasmas in the ALPHA trapping apparatus. Singly-charged beryllium ions are liberated from the surface of a solid beryl-lium target inside the apparatus via laser ablation, where the ions can be trapped, laser-cooled and mixed with positron plasmas. By mixing the ions and positrons together, they can exchange energy, and the ions can provide cooling to the positrons. Careful tuning of laser and trap pa-rameters, as well as use of other techniques, has allowed for the successful sympathetic cooling of positron plasmas in ALPHA.</abstract><type>E-Thesis</type><journal/><volume/><journalNumber/><paginationStart/><paginationEnd/><publisher/><placeOfPublication>Swansea</placeOfPublication><isbnPrint/><isbnElectronic/><issnPrint/><issnElectronic/><keywords>Antihydrogen, Antimatter, Beryllium, Ion Trapping, Laser Cooling, Plasmas, Positrons</keywords><publishedDay>17</publishedDay><publishedMonth>3</publishedMonth><publishedYear>2022</publishedYear><publishedDate>2022-03-17</publishedDate><doi>10.23889/SUthesis.59731</doi><url/><notes>ORCiD identifier: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0319-8545</notes><college>COLLEGE NANME</college><CollegeCode>COLLEGE CODE</CollegeCode><institution>Swansea University</institution><supervisor>Madsen, Niels ; Eriksson, Stefan</supervisor><degreelevel>Doctoral</degreelevel><degreename>Ph.D</degreename><degreesponsorsfunders>EPSRC; Grant number: 1950181</degreesponsorsfunders><apcterm/><lastEdited>2022-03-29T10:58:25.2483608</lastEdited><Created>2022-03-29T10:46:28.5154331</Created><path><level id="1">Faculty of Science and Engineering</level><level id="2">School of Biosciences, Geography and Physics - Physics</level></path><authors><author><firstname>JACK</firstname><surname>JONES</surname><order>1</order></author></authors><documents><document><filename>59731__23714__cbe6571a0f0842d38594a5a7baff7e5f.pdf</filename><originalFilename>Jones_Jack_PhD_Thesis_Final_Redacted_Signature.pdf</originalFilename><uploaded>2022-03-29T10:54:32.9124006</uploaded><type>Output</type><contentLength>14592246</contentLength><contentType>application/pdf</contentType><version>E-Thesis &#x2013; open access</version><cronfaStatus>true</cronfaStatus><documentNotes>Copyright: The author, Jack McCauley Jones, 2022.</documentNotes><copyrightCorrect>true</copyrightCorrect><language>eng</language></document></documents><OutputDurs/></rfc1807>
spelling 2022-03-29T10:58:25.2483608 v2 59731 2022-03-29 Sympathetically Laser-Cooled Positron Plasmas for Antihydrogen Formation 462ce357bc1207cd95c46ef1610fa944 JACK JONES JACK JONES true false 2022-03-29 Answering the question of why we live in a matter-dominated universe is of great interest to contemporary physicists, as the Standard Model of Particle Physics predicts that matter and an-timatter should only ever be produced in equal parts. Antihydrogen is a good candidate for searches for asymmetries between matter and antimatter as it is the simplest antimatter bound state, and it has an extremely well-understood matter counterpart: the hydrogen atom. The AL-PHA collaboration at CERN can now routinely trap several hundred antihydrogen atoms in a magnetic trap, allowing precise measurements of the fundamental properties of antihydrogen.ALPHA currently traps around 20 antihydrogen atoms every few minutes, so accumulat-ing enough antiatoms to perform precision measurements can take many hours. Increasing this trapping rate would allow for faster or more precise measurements. Simulations and experimen-tal data show that there is a strong correlation between the temperature of the positron plasma used in antihydrogen formation and the trapping rate that can be achieved. This thesis describes work towards using laser-cooled beryllium ions to obtain colder positron plasmas in the ALPHA trapping apparatus. Singly-charged beryllium ions are liberated from the surface of a solid beryl-lium target inside the apparatus via laser ablation, where the ions can be trapped, laser-cooled and mixed with positron plasmas. By mixing the ions and positrons together, they can exchange energy, and the ions can provide cooling to the positrons. Careful tuning of laser and trap pa-rameters, as well as use of other techniques, has allowed for the successful sympathetic cooling of positron plasmas in ALPHA. E-Thesis Swansea Antihydrogen, Antimatter, Beryllium, Ion Trapping, Laser Cooling, Plasmas, Positrons 17 3 2022 2022-03-17 10.23889/SUthesis.59731 ORCiD identifier: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0319-8545 COLLEGE NANME COLLEGE CODE Swansea University Madsen, Niels ; Eriksson, Stefan Doctoral Ph.D EPSRC; Grant number: 1950181 2022-03-29T10:58:25.2483608 2022-03-29T10:46:28.5154331 Faculty of Science and Engineering School of Biosciences, Geography and Physics - Physics JACK JONES 1 59731__23714__cbe6571a0f0842d38594a5a7baff7e5f.pdf Jones_Jack_PhD_Thesis_Final_Redacted_Signature.pdf 2022-03-29T10:54:32.9124006 Output 14592246 application/pdf E-Thesis – open access true Copyright: The author, Jack McCauley Jones, 2022. true eng
title Sympathetically Laser-Cooled Positron Plasmas for Antihydrogen Formation
spellingShingle Sympathetically Laser-Cooled Positron Plasmas for Antihydrogen Formation
JACK JONES
title_short Sympathetically Laser-Cooled Positron Plasmas for Antihydrogen Formation
title_full Sympathetically Laser-Cooled Positron Plasmas for Antihydrogen Formation
title_fullStr Sympathetically Laser-Cooled Positron Plasmas for Antihydrogen Formation
title_full_unstemmed Sympathetically Laser-Cooled Positron Plasmas for Antihydrogen Formation
title_sort Sympathetically Laser-Cooled Positron Plasmas for Antihydrogen Formation
author_id_str_mv 462ce357bc1207cd95c46ef1610fa944
author_id_fullname_str_mv 462ce357bc1207cd95c46ef1610fa944_***_JACK JONES
author JACK JONES
author2 JACK JONES
format E-Thesis
publishDate 2022
institution Swansea University
doi_str_mv 10.23889/SUthesis.59731
college_str Faculty of Science and Engineering
hierarchytype
hierarchy_top_id facultyofscienceandengineering
hierarchy_top_title Faculty of Science and Engineering
hierarchy_parent_id facultyofscienceandengineering
hierarchy_parent_title Faculty of Science and Engineering
department_str School of Biosciences, Geography and Physics - Physics{{{_:::_}}}Faculty of Science and Engineering{{{_:::_}}}School of Biosciences, Geography and Physics - Physics
document_store_str 1
active_str 0
description Answering the question of why we live in a matter-dominated universe is of great interest to contemporary physicists, as the Standard Model of Particle Physics predicts that matter and an-timatter should only ever be produced in equal parts. Antihydrogen is a good candidate for searches for asymmetries between matter and antimatter as it is the simplest antimatter bound state, and it has an extremely well-understood matter counterpart: the hydrogen atom. The AL-PHA collaboration at CERN can now routinely trap several hundred antihydrogen atoms in a magnetic trap, allowing precise measurements of the fundamental properties of antihydrogen.ALPHA currently traps around 20 antihydrogen atoms every few minutes, so accumulat-ing enough antiatoms to perform precision measurements can take many hours. Increasing this trapping rate would allow for faster or more precise measurements. Simulations and experimen-tal data show that there is a strong correlation between the temperature of the positron plasma used in antihydrogen formation and the trapping rate that can be achieved. This thesis describes work towards using laser-cooled beryllium ions to obtain colder positron plasmas in the ALPHA trapping apparatus. Singly-charged beryllium ions are liberated from the surface of a solid beryl-lium target inside the apparatus via laser ablation, where the ions can be trapped, laser-cooled and mixed with positron plasmas. By mixing the ions and positrons together, they can exchange energy, and the ions can provide cooling to the positrons. Careful tuning of laser and trap pa-rameters, as well as use of other techniques, has allowed for the successful sympathetic cooling of positron plasmas in ALPHA.
published_date 2022-03-17T04:17:15Z
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score 11.014067

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