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Emergence of splits and collective turns in pigeon flocks under predation

Marina Papadopoulou Orcid Logo, Hanno Hildenbrandt, Daniel W. E. Sankey Orcid Logo, Steven J. Portugal Orcid Logo, Charlotte K. Hemelrijk Orcid Logo

Royal Society Open Science, Volume: 9, Issue: 2

Swansea University Author: Marina Papadopoulou Orcid Logo

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DOI (Published version): 10.1098/rsos.211898

Abstract

Complex patterns of collective behaviour may emerge through self-organization, from local interactions among individuals in a group. To understand what behavioural rules underlie these patterns, computational models are often necessary. These rules have not yet been systematically studied for bird f...

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Published in: Royal Society Open Science
ISSN: 2054-5703
Published: The Royal Society 2022
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URI: https://cronfa.swan.ac.uk/Record/cronfa59584
first_indexed 2022-03-22T16:56:20Z
last_indexed 2024-11-14T12:15:46Z
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spelling 2024-10-17T16:32:51.9863820 v2 59584 2022-03-11 Emergence of splits and collective turns in pigeon flocks under predation a2fe90e37bd6b78c6fdb9e640057c0ea 0000-0002-6478-8365 Marina Papadopoulou Marina Papadopoulou true false 2022-03-11 BGPS Complex patterns of collective behaviour may emerge through self-organization, from local interactions among individuals in a group. To understand what behavioural rules underlie these patterns, computational models are often necessary. These rules have not yet been systematically studied for bird flocks under predation. Here, we study airborne flocks of homing pigeons attacked by a robotic falcon, combining empirical data with a species-specific computational model of collective escape. By analysing GPS trajectories of flocking individuals, we identify two new patterns of collective escape: early splits and collective turns, occurring even at large distances from the predator. To examine their formation, we extend an agent-based model of pigeons with a ‘discrete’ escape manoeuvre by a single initiator, namely a sudden turn interrupting the continuous coordinated motion of the group. Both splits and collective turns emerge from this rule. Their relative frequency depends on the angular velocity and position of the initiator in the flock: sharp turns by individuals at the periphery lead to more splits than collective turns. We confirm this association in the empirical data. Our study highlights the importance of discrete and uncoordinated manoeuvres in the collective escape of bird flocks and advocates the systematic study of their patterns across species. Journal Article Royal Society Open Science 9 2 The Royal Society 2054-5703 collective behaviour, escape patterns, self-organization, flocking, pigeon 23 2 2022 2022-02-23 10.1098/rsos.211898 COLLEGE NANME Biosciences Geography and Physics School COLLEGE CODE BGPS Swansea University Another institution paid the OA fee This work has been financed to C.K.H. by the Netherlands Organisation for Scientific Research (NWO), the Open Technology Programme (OTP), project: ‘Preventing bird strikes: Developing RoboFalcons to deter bird flocks' (14723). The empirical work was funded by a Royal Society Research Grant (R10952) to S.J.P. 2024-10-17T16:32:51.9863820 2022-03-11T10:12:15.4334120 Faculty of Science and Engineering School of Biosciences, Geography and Physics - Biosciences Marina Papadopoulou 0000-0002-6478-8365 1 Hanno Hildenbrandt 2 Daniel W. E. Sankey 0000-0002-6363-8023 3 Steven J. Portugal 0000-0002-2438-2352 4 Charlotte K. Hemelrijk 0000-0001-6160-077x 5 59584__22653__eb3b50e0f7354d5a958bfa66ae02db3b.pdf 59584.pdf 2022-03-22T16:58:40.4941554 Output 867495 application/pdf Version of Record true © 2022 The Authors. Released under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License true eng http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
title Emergence of splits and collective turns in pigeon flocks under predation
spellingShingle Emergence of splits and collective turns in pigeon flocks under predation
Marina Papadopoulou
title_short Emergence of splits and collective turns in pigeon flocks under predation
title_full Emergence of splits and collective turns in pigeon flocks under predation
title_fullStr Emergence of splits and collective turns in pigeon flocks under predation
title_full_unstemmed Emergence of splits and collective turns in pigeon flocks under predation
title_sort Emergence of splits and collective turns in pigeon flocks under predation
author_id_str_mv a2fe90e37bd6b78c6fdb9e640057c0ea
author_id_fullname_str_mv a2fe90e37bd6b78c6fdb9e640057c0ea_***_Marina Papadopoulou
author Marina Papadopoulou
author2 Marina Papadopoulou
Hanno Hildenbrandt
Daniel W. E. Sankey
Steven J. Portugal
Charlotte K. Hemelrijk
format Journal article
container_title Royal Society Open Science
container_volume 9
container_issue 2
publishDate 2022
institution Swansea University
issn 2054-5703
doi_str_mv 10.1098/rsos.211898
publisher The Royal Society
college_str Faculty of Science and Engineering
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hierarchy_top_id facultyofscienceandengineering
hierarchy_top_title Faculty of Science and Engineering
hierarchy_parent_id facultyofscienceandengineering
hierarchy_parent_title Faculty of Science and Engineering
department_str School of Biosciences, Geography and Physics - Biosciences{{{_:::_}}}Faculty of Science and Engineering{{{_:::_}}}School of Biosciences, Geography and Physics - Biosciences
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description Complex patterns of collective behaviour may emerge through self-organization, from local interactions among individuals in a group. To understand what behavioural rules underlie these patterns, computational models are often necessary. These rules have not yet been systematically studied for bird flocks under predation. Here, we study airborne flocks of homing pigeons attacked by a robotic falcon, combining empirical data with a species-specific computational model of collective escape. By analysing GPS trajectories of flocking individuals, we identify two new patterns of collective escape: early splits and collective turns, occurring even at large distances from the predator. To examine their formation, we extend an agent-based model of pigeons with a ‘discrete’ escape manoeuvre by a single initiator, namely a sudden turn interrupting the continuous coordinated motion of the group. Both splits and collective turns emerge from this rule. Their relative frequency depends on the angular velocity and position of the initiator in the flock: sharp turns by individuals at the periphery lead to more splits than collective turns. We confirm this association in the empirical data. Our study highlights the importance of discrete and uncoordinated manoeuvres in the collective escape of bird flocks and advocates the systematic study of their patterns across species.
published_date 2022-02-23T20:10:22Z
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