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Gambling treatment service providers’ views about contingency management: a thematic analysis

Lucy Dorey, Darren R. Christensen, Richard May, Alice Hoon Orcid Logo, Simon Dymond Orcid Logo

Harm Reduction Journal, Volume: 19, Issue: 1

Swansea University Authors: Lucy Dorey, Alice Hoon Orcid Logo, Simon Dymond Orcid Logo

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DOI (Published version): 10.1186/s12954-022-00600-0

Abstract

BackgroundThere is a need to improve retention and outcomes for treatment of problem gambling and gambling disorder. Contingency management (CM) is a behavioural intervention involving identification of target behaviours (such as attendance, abstinence, or steps towards recovery) and the provision o...

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Published in: Harm Reduction Journal
ISSN: 1477-7517
Published: Springer Science and Business Media LLC 2022
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URI: https://cronfa.swan.ac.uk/Record/cronfa59442
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Contingency management (CM) is a behavioural intervention involving identification of target behaviours (such as attendance, abstinence, or steps towards recovery) and the provision of incentives (such as vouchers or credits towards the purchase of preferred items) contingent on objective evidence of these behaviours. Contingency management for abstinence and attendance in substance misuse treatment has a substantial evidence base but has not been widely adopted or extended to other addictive behaviours such as gambling. Potential barriers to the widespread adoption of CM may relate to practitioners&#x2019; perceptions about this form of incentive-based treatment. The present study sought to explore United Kingdom (UK) gambling treatment providers&#x2019; views of CM for treatment of problem gambling and gambling disorder.MethodsWe conducted semi-structured interviews with 30 treatment providers from across the UK working with people with gambling problems. Participants were provided with an explanation of CM, several hypothetical scenarios, and a structured questionnaire to facilitate discussion. Thematic analysis was used to interpret findings.ResultsParticipants felt there could be a conflict between CM and their treatment philosophies, that CM was similar in some ways to gambling, and that the CM approach could be manipulated and reduce trust between client and therapist. Some participants were more supportive of implementing CM for specific treatment goals than others, such as for incentivising attendance over abstinence due to perceived difficulties in objectively verifying abstinence. Participants favoured providing credits accruing to services relevant to personal recovery rather than voucher-based incentives.ConclusionsUK gambling treatment providers are somewhat receptive to CM approaches for treatment of problem gambling and gambling disorder. Potential barriers and obstacles are readily addressable, and more research is needed on the efficacy and effectiveness of CM for gambling.</abstract><type>Journal Article</type><journal>Harm Reduction Journal</journal><volume>19</volume><journalNumber>1</journalNumber><paginationStart/><paginationEnd/><publisher>Springer Science and Business Media LLC</publisher><placeOfPublication/><isbnPrint/><isbnElectronic/><issnPrint/><issnElectronic>1477-7517</issnElectronic><keywords>Contingency management; Gambling; Treatment; Thematic analysis; Qualitative</keywords><publishedDay>25</publishedDay><publishedMonth>2</publishedMonth><publishedYear>2022</publishedYear><publishedDate>2022-02-25</publishedDate><doi>10.1186/s12954-022-00600-0</doi><url/><notes/><college>COLLEGE NANME</college><department>Psychology School</department><CollegeCode>COLLEGE CODE</CollegeCode><DepartmentCode>PSYS</DepartmentCode><institution>Swansea University</institution><apcterm>Other</apcterm><funders>GambleAware</funders><projectreference>PSR1055</projectreference><lastEdited>2022-05-27T11:23:39.3181928</lastEdited><Created>2022-02-23T12:15:11.4621740</Created><path><level id="1">Faculty of Medicine, Health and Life Sciences</level><level id="2">School of Psychology</level></path><authors><author><firstname>Lucy</firstname><surname>Dorey</surname><order>1</order></author><author><firstname>Darren R.</firstname><surname>Christensen</surname><order>2</order></author><author><firstname>Richard</firstname><surname>May</surname><order>3</order></author><author><firstname>Alice</firstname><surname>Hoon</surname><orcid>0000-0002-9921-6156</orcid><order>4</order></author><author><firstname>Simon</firstname><surname>Dymond</surname><orcid>0000-0003-1319-4492</orcid><order>5</order></author></authors><documents><document><filename>59442__22547__2ce6b0e675654d2e8d59409302e2c95e.pdf</filename><originalFilename>59442.pdf</originalFilename><uploaded>2022-03-08T14:40:25.2020435</uploaded><type>Output</type><contentLength>1280268</contentLength><contentType>application/pdf</contentType><version>Version of Record</version><cronfaStatus>true</cronfaStatus><documentNotes>&#xA9; The Author(s) 2022. This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License</documentNotes><copyrightCorrect>true</copyrightCorrect><language>eng</language><licence>http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/</licence></document></documents><OutputDurs/></rfc1807>
spelling 2022-05-27T11:23:39.3181928 v2 59442 2022-02-23 Gambling treatment service providers’ views about contingency management: a thematic analysis f3d5f821ffc1f2ada538df1196457873 Lucy Dorey Lucy Dorey true false 6ee42ad57b74f8941f4de3f02eed163f 0000-0002-9921-6156 Alice Hoon Alice Hoon true false 8ed0024546f2588fdb0073a7d6fbc075 0000-0003-1319-4492 Simon Dymond Simon Dymond true false 2022-02-23 PSYS BackgroundThere is a need to improve retention and outcomes for treatment of problem gambling and gambling disorder. Contingency management (CM) is a behavioural intervention involving identification of target behaviours (such as attendance, abstinence, or steps towards recovery) and the provision of incentives (such as vouchers or credits towards the purchase of preferred items) contingent on objective evidence of these behaviours. Contingency management for abstinence and attendance in substance misuse treatment has a substantial evidence base but has not been widely adopted or extended to other addictive behaviours such as gambling. Potential barriers to the widespread adoption of CM may relate to practitioners’ perceptions about this form of incentive-based treatment. The present study sought to explore United Kingdom (UK) gambling treatment providers’ views of CM for treatment of problem gambling and gambling disorder.MethodsWe conducted semi-structured interviews with 30 treatment providers from across the UK working with people with gambling problems. Participants were provided with an explanation of CM, several hypothetical scenarios, and a structured questionnaire to facilitate discussion. Thematic analysis was used to interpret findings.ResultsParticipants felt there could be a conflict between CM and their treatment philosophies, that CM was similar in some ways to gambling, and that the CM approach could be manipulated and reduce trust between client and therapist. Some participants were more supportive of implementing CM for specific treatment goals than others, such as for incentivising attendance over abstinence due to perceived difficulties in objectively verifying abstinence. Participants favoured providing credits accruing to services relevant to personal recovery rather than voucher-based incentives.ConclusionsUK gambling treatment providers are somewhat receptive to CM approaches for treatment of problem gambling and gambling disorder. Potential barriers and obstacles are readily addressable, and more research is needed on the efficacy and effectiveness of CM for gambling. Journal Article Harm Reduction Journal 19 1 Springer Science and Business Media LLC 1477-7517 Contingency management; Gambling; Treatment; Thematic analysis; Qualitative 25 2 2022 2022-02-25 10.1186/s12954-022-00600-0 COLLEGE NANME Psychology School COLLEGE CODE PSYS Swansea University Other GambleAware PSR1055 2022-05-27T11:23:39.3181928 2022-02-23T12:15:11.4621740 Faculty of Medicine, Health and Life Sciences School of Psychology Lucy Dorey 1 Darren R. Christensen 2 Richard May 3 Alice Hoon 0000-0002-9921-6156 4 Simon Dymond 0000-0003-1319-4492 5 59442__22547__2ce6b0e675654d2e8d59409302e2c95e.pdf 59442.pdf 2022-03-08T14:40:25.2020435 Output 1280268 application/pdf Version of Record true © The Author(s) 2022. This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License true eng http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
title Gambling treatment service providers’ views about contingency management: a thematic analysis
spellingShingle Gambling treatment service providers’ views about contingency management: a thematic analysis
Lucy Dorey
Alice Hoon
Simon Dymond
title_short Gambling treatment service providers’ views about contingency management: a thematic analysis
title_full Gambling treatment service providers’ views about contingency management: a thematic analysis
title_fullStr Gambling treatment service providers’ views about contingency management: a thematic analysis
title_full_unstemmed Gambling treatment service providers’ views about contingency management: a thematic analysis
title_sort Gambling treatment service providers’ views about contingency management: a thematic analysis
author_id_str_mv f3d5f821ffc1f2ada538df1196457873
6ee42ad57b74f8941f4de3f02eed163f
8ed0024546f2588fdb0073a7d6fbc075
author_id_fullname_str_mv f3d5f821ffc1f2ada538df1196457873_***_Lucy Dorey
6ee42ad57b74f8941f4de3f02eed163f_***_Alice Hoon
8ed0024546f2588fdb0073a7d6fbc075_***_Simon Dymond
author Lucy Dorey
Alice Hoon
Simon Dymond
author2 Lucy Dorey
Darren R. Christensen
Richard May
Alice Hoon
Simon Dymond
format Journal article
container_title Harm Reduction Journal
container_volume 19
container_issue 1
publishDate 2022
institution Swansea University
issn 1477-7517
doi_str_mv 10.1186/s12954-022-00600-0
publisher Springer Science and Business Media LLC
college_str Faculty of Medicine, Health and Life Sciences
hierarchytype
hierarchy_top_id facultyofmedicinehealthandlifesciences
hierarchy_top_title Faculty of Medicine, Health and Life Sciences
hierarchy_parent_id facultyofmedicinehealthandlifesciences
hierarchy_parent_title Faculty of Medicine, Health and Life Sciences
department_str School of Psychology{{{_:::_}}}Faculty of Medicine, Health and Life Sciences{{{_:::_}}}School of Psychology
document_store_str 1
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description BackgroundThere is a need to improve retention and outcomes for treatment of problem gambling and gambling disorder. Contingency management (CM) is a behavioural intervention involving identification of target behaviours (such as attendance, abstinence, or steps towards recovery) and the provision of incentives (such as vouchers or credits towards the purchase of preferred items) contingent on objective evidence of these behaviours. Contingency management for abstinence and attendance in substance misuse treatment has a substantial evidence base but has not been widely adopted or extended to other addictive behaviours such as gambling. Potential barriers to the widespread adoption of CM may relate to practitioners’ perceptions about this form of incentive-based treatment. The present study sought to explore United Kingdom (UK) gambling treatment providers’ views of CM for treatment of problem gambling and gambling disorder.MethodsWe conducted semi-structured interviews with 30 treatment providers from across the UK working with people with gambling problems. Participants were provided with an explanation of CM, several hypothetical scenarios, and a structured questionnaire to facilitate discussion. Thematic analysis was used to interpret findings.ResultsParticipants felt there could be a conflict between CM and their treatment philosophies, that CM was similar in some ways to gambling, and that the CM approach could be manipulated and reduce trust between client and therapist. Some participants were more supportive of implementing CM for specific treatment goals than others, such as for incentivising attendance over abstinence due to perceived difficulties in objectively verifying abstinence. Participants favoured providing credits accruing to services relevant to personal recovery rather than voucher-based incentives.ConclusionsUK gambling treatment providers are somewhat receptive to CM approaches for treatment of problem gambling and gambling disorder. Potential barriers and obstacles are readily addressable, and more research is needed on the efficacy and effectiveness of CM for gambling.
published_date 2022-02-25T14:13:11Z
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