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E-Thesis 861 views 271 downloads

Investigating the relationship between habitual physical activity and cardiovascular health in healthy and clinical populations / ZOE MARSHALL

Swansea University Author: ZOE MARSHALL

DOI (Published version): 10.23889/SUthesis.58608

Abstract

Physical activity (PA) is beneficial for arterial and autonomic health and, subsequently, cardiovascular disease risk. However, fundamental questions remain regarding the relationship between PA and health, the relative importance of the volume, intensity or composition of PA, and whether this diffe...

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Published: Swansea 2021
Institution: Swansea University
Degree level: Doctoral
Degree name: Ph.D
Supervisor: McNarry, Melitta A. ; Mackintosh, Kelly A.
URI: https://cronfa.swan.ac.uk/Record/cronfa58608
first_indexed 2021-11-10T12:36:07Z
last_indexed 2021-11-11T04:26:07Z
id cronfa58608
recordtype RisThesis
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spelling 2021-11-10T13:12:25.8242533 v2 58608 2021-11-10 Investigating the relationship between habitual physical activity and cardiovascular health in healthy and clinical populations f45db84b89a303b93ed710b5916ae760 ZOE MARSHALL ZOE MARSHALL true false 2021-11-10 Physical activity (PA) is beneficial for arterial and autonomic health and, subsequently, cardiovascular disease risk. However, fundamental questions remain regarding the relationship between PA and health, the relative importance of the volume, intensity or composition of PA, and whether this differs in chronic conditions. Therefore, the aim of this thesis was to explore the influence of movement behaviours on key cardiovascular risk factors in healthy populations and those with T1D using novel methods and analysis techniques. Chapter 4 revealed that, contrary to expectation, the composition of daily movement and sleep behaviours was not associated with arterial stiffness in healthy children, with the reallocation of time between any behaviours not predicting significant change in arterial stiffness. It was hypothesised that this may be related to the measurement duration being insufficient to reflect habitual PA and its health-associated fluctuations. Therefore, a 28-day measurement period was used in Chapter 5, which revealed that, whilst there was minimal fluctuation in movement behaviours, PA metrics derived from 28 days were more strongly associated with cardiovascular health markers. Using a similar measurement protocol, children with type I diabetes (T1D) were found to engage in more light and less moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) than healthy peers and were characterised by poorer arterial stiffness and autonomic function (Chapter 6). Importantly, Chapter 6 suggested that the intensity of PA was more influential than the volume. Subsequently, Chapter 7 supported this contention, revealing that the reallocation of time from any behaviour to MVPA was the most potent stimulus to cardiovascular health in T1D. Overall, this thesis demonstrates that the composition and the relative importance of the volume and intensity of PA must be considered when investigating the relationship with health. The findings highlight key targets for future interventions seeking to enhance the cardiovascular function of youth, especially in T1D. E-Thesis Swansea Physical activity, sedentary time, arterial stiffness, heart rate variability, autonomic function, type 1 diabetes, intensity gradient, compositional analysis, children 10 11 2021 2021-11-10 10.23889/SUthesis.58608 ORCiD identifier: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4100-2689 COLLEGE NANME COLLEGE CODE Swansea University McNarry, Melitta A. ; Mackintosh, Kelly A. Doctoral Ph.D 2021-11-10T13:12:25.8242533 2021-11-10T12:33:47.5813490 Faculty of Science and Engineering School of Engineering and Applied Sciences - Uncategorised ZOE MARSHALL 1 58608__21477__d76ee8846b8c4897a0491eb873f0b0cb.pdf Marshall_Zoe_A_PhD_Thesis_Final_Redacted_Signature.pdf 2021-11-10T12:53:35.3524029 Output 34124069 application/pdf E-Thesis – open access true Copyright: The author, Zoë A. Marshall, 2021. true eng
title Investigating the relationship between habitual physical activity and cardiovascular health in healthy and clinical populations
spellingShingle Investigating the relationship between habitual physical activity and cardiovascular health in healthy and clinical populations
ZOE MARSHALL
title_short Investigating the relationship between habitual physical activity and cardiovascular health in healthy and clinical populations
title_full Investigating the relationship between habitual physical activity and cardiovascular health in healthy and clinical populations
title_fullStr Investigating the relationship between habitual physical activity and cardiovascular health in healthy and clinical populations
title_full_unstemmed Investigating the relationship between habitual physical activity and cardiovascular health in healthy and clinical populations
title_sort Investigating the relationship between habitual physical activity and cardiovascular health in healthy and clinical populations
author_id_str_mv f45db84b89a303b93ed710b5916ae760
author_id_fullname_str_mv f45db84b89a303b93ed710b5916ae760_***_ZOE MARSHALL
author ZOE MARSHALL
author2 ZOE MARSHALL
format E-Thesis
publishDate 2021
institution Swansea University
doi_str_mv 10.23889/SUthesis.58608
college_str Faculty of Science and Engineering
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hierarchy_top_id facultyofscienceandengineering
hierarchy_top_title Faculty of Science and Engineering
hierarchy_parent_id facultyofscienceandengineering
hierarchy_parent_title Faculty of Science and Engineering
department_str School of Engineering and Applied Sciences - Uncategorised{{{_:::_}}}Faculty of Science and Engineering{{{_:::_}}}School of Engineering and Applied Sciences - Uncategorised
document_store_str 1
active_str 0
description Physical activity (PA) is beneficial for arterial and autonomic health and, subsequently, cardiovascular disease risk. However, fundamental questions remain regarding the relationship between PA and health, the relative importance of the volume, intensity or composition of PA, and whether this differs in chronic conditions. Therefore, the aim of this thesis was to explore the influence of movement behaviours on key cardiovascular risk factors in healthy populations and those with T1D using novel methods and analysis techniques. Chapter 4 revealed that, contrary to expectation, the composition of daily movement and sleep behaviours was not associated with arterial stiffness in healthy children, with the reallocation of time between any behaviours not predicting significant change in arterial stiffness. It was hypothesised that this may be related to the measurement duration being insufficient to reflect habitual PA and its health-associated fluctuations. Therefore, a 28-day measurement period was used in Chapter 5, which revealed that, whilst there was minimal fluctuation in movement behaviours, PA metrics derived from 28 days were more strongly associated with cardiovascular health markers. Using a similar measurement protocol, children with type I diabetes (T1D) were found to engage in more light and less moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) than healthy peers and were characterised by poorer arterial stiffness and autonomic function (Chapter 6). Importantly, Chapter 6 suggested that the intensity of PA was more influential than the volume. Subsequently, Chapter 7 supported this contention, revealing that the reallocation of time from any behaviour to MVPA was the most potent stimulus to cardiovascular health in T1D. Overall, this thesis demonstrates that the composition and the relative importance of the volume and intensity of PA must be considered when investigating the relationship with health. The findings highlight key targets for future interventions seeking to enhance the cardiovascular function of youth, especially in T1D.
published_date 2021-11-10T04:59:45Z
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score 11.089386

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