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Dietary Protein Requirement Threshold and Micronutrients Profile in Healthy Older Women Based on Relative Skeletal Muscle Mass

Praval Khanal, Lingxiao He, Hans Degens, Georgina K. Stebbings, Gladys L. Onambele-Pearson, Alun Williams, Martine Thomis, Christopher I. Morse

Nutrients, Volume: 13, Issue: 9, Start page: 3076

Swansea University Author: Alun Williams

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DOI (Published version): 10.3390/nu13093076

Abstract

Although multiple nutrients have shown protective effects with regard to preserving muscle function, the recommended amount of dietary protein and other nutrients profile on older adults for maintenance of high muscle mass is still debatable. The aims of this paper were to: (1) identify dietary diff...

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Published in: Nutrients
ISSN: 2072-6643
Published: MDPI AG 2021
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The aims of this paper were to: (1) identify dietary differences between older women with low and high relative skeletal muscle mass, and (2) identify the minimal dietary protein intake associated with high relative skeletal muscle mass and test the threshold ability to determine an association with skeletal muscle phenotypes. Older women ( = 281; 70 &#xB1; 7 years, 65 &#xB1; 14 kg), with both low and high relative skeletal muscle mass groups, completed a food questionnaire. Skeletal muscle mass, fat-free mass (FFM), biceps brachii thickness, anatomical cross-sectional area (VL ), handgrip strength (HGS), maximum elbow flexion torque (MVC ), maximum knee extension torque (MVC ), muscle quality (HGS/Body mass), and fat mass were measured. Older women with low relative skeletal muscle mass had a lower daily intake of protein, iodine, polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA), Vit E, manganese, milk, fish, nuts and seeds ( &lt; 0.05) compared to women with high relative skeletal muscle mass. The minimum required dietary protein intake for high relative skeletal muscle mass was 1.17 g/kg body mass/day (g/kg/d) (sensitivity: 0.68; specificity: 0.62). Women consuming &#x2265;1.17 g/kg/d had a lower BMI (B = -3.9, &lt; 0.001) and fat mass (B = -7.8, &lt; 0.001), and a higher muscle quality (B = 0.06, &lt; 0.001). The data indicate that to maintain muscle mass and function, older women should consume &#x2265;1.17 g/kg/d dietary protein, through a varied diet including milk, fish and nuts that also contain polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) and micronutrients such as iodine, Vit E and manganese.</abstract><type>Journal Article</type><journal>Nutrients</journal><volume>13</volume><journalNumber>9</journalNumber><paginationStart>3076</paginationStart><paginationEnd/><publisher>MDPI AG</publisher><placeOfPublication/><isbnPrint/><isbnElectronic/><issnPrint/><issnElectronic>2072-6643</issnElectronic><keywords>pre-sarcopenia, musculoskeletal health, protein</keywords><publishedDay>1</publishedDay><publishedMonth>9</publishedMonth><publishedYear>2021</publishedYear><publishedDate>2021-09-01</publishedDate><doi>10.3390/nu13093076</doi><url/><notes/><college>COLLEGE NANME</college><department>Science and Engineering - Faculty</department><CollegeCode>COLLEGE CODE</CollegeCode><DepartmentCode>FGSEN</DepartmentCode><institution>Swansea University</institution><apcterm/><funders>MOVE-AGE Grant: Erasmus Mundus Joint Doctorate programme (2011-0015)</funders><lastEdited>2021-11-09T12:32:06.5286910</lastEdited><Created>2021-10-13T10:51:31.2179338</Created><path><level id="1">Faculty of Science and Engineering</level><level id="2">School of Engineering and Applied Sciences - Uncategorised</level></path><authors><author><firstname>Praval</firstname><surname>Khanal</surname><order>1</order></author><author><firstname>Lingxiao</firstname><surname>He</surname><order>2</order></author><author><firstname>Hans</firstname><surname>Degens</surname><order>3</order></author><author><firstname>Georgina K.</firstname><surname>Stebbings</surname><order>4</order></author><author><firstname>Gladys L.</firstname><surname>Onambele-Pearson</surname><order>5</order></author><author><firstname>Alun</firstname><surname>Williams</surname><order>6</order></author><author><firstname>Martine</firstname><surname>Thomis</surname><order>7</order></author><author><firstname>Christopher I.</firstname><surname>Morse</surname><order>8</order></author></authors><documents><document><filename>58315__21166__d56229e288094645b1257fcefd10dae8.pdf</filename><originalFilename>58315.pdf</originalFilename><uploaded>2021-10-13T10:53:18.0727080</uploaded><type>Output</type><contentLength>1006380</contentLength><contentType>application/pdf</contentType><version>Version of Record</version><cronfaStatus>true</cronfaStatus><documentNotes>&#xA9; 2021 by the authors. 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spelling 2021-11-09T12:32:06.5286910 v2 58315 2021-10-13 Dietary Protein Requirement Threshold and Micronutrients Profile in Healthy Older Women Based on Relative Skeletal Muscle Mass 050a482b2c9699d25870b9c591541998 Alun Williams Alun Williams true false 2021-10-13 FGSEN Although multiple nutrients have shown protective effects with regard to preserving muscle function, the recommended amount of dietary protein and other nutrients profile on older adults for maintenance of high muscle mass is still debatable. The aims of this paper were to: (1) identify dietary differences between older women with low and high relative skeletal muscle mass, and (2) identify the minimal dietary protein intake associated with high relative skeletal muscle mass and test the threshold ability to determine an association with skeletal muscle phenotypes. Older women ( = 281; 70 ± 7 years, 65 ± 14 kg), with both low and high relative skeletal muscle mass groups, completed a food questionnaire. Skeletal muscle mass, fat-free mass (FFM), biceps brachii thickness, anatomical cross-sectional area (VL ), handgrip strength (HGS), maximum elbow flexion torque (MVC ), maximum knee extension torque (MVC ), muscle quality (HGS/Body mass), and fat mass were measured. Older women with low relative skeletal muscle mass had a lower daily intake of protein, iodine, polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA), Vit E, manganese, milk, fish, nuts and seeds ( < 0.05) compared to women with high relative skeletal muscle mass. The minimum required dietary protein intake for high relative skeletal muscle mass was 1.17 g/kg body mass/day (g/kg/d) (sensitivity: 0.68; specificity: 0.62). Women consuming ≥1.17 g/kg/d had a lower BMI (B = -3.9, < 0.001) and fat mass (B = -7.8, < 0.001), and a higher muscle quality (B = 0.06, < 0.001). The data indicate that to maintain muscle mass and function, older women should consume ≥1.17 g/kg/d dietary protein, through a varied diet including milk, fish and nuts that also contain polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) and micronutrients such as iodine, Vit E and manganese. Journal Article Nutrients 13 9 3076 MDPI AG 2072-6643 pre-sarcopenia, musculoskeletal health, protein 1 9 2021 2021-09-01 10.3390/nu13093076 COLLEGE NANME Science and Engineering - Faculty COLLEGE CODE FGSEN Swansea University MOVE-AGE Grant: Erasmus Mundus Joint Doctorate programme (2011-0015) 2021-11-09T12:32:06.5286910 2021-10-13T10:51:31.2179338 Faculty of Science and Engineering School of Engineering and Applied Sciences - Uncategorised Praval Khanal 1 Lingxiao He 2 Hans Degens 3 Georgina K. Stebbings 4 Gladys L. Onambele-Pearson 5 Alun Williams 6 Martine Thomis 7 Christopher I. Morse 8 58315__21166__d56229e288094645b1257fcefd10dae8.pdf 58315.pdf 2021-10-13T10:53:18.0727080 Output 1006380 application/pdf Version of Record true © 2021 by the authors. This is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license true eng https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
title Dietary Protein Requirement Threshold and Micronutrients Profile in Healthy Older Women Based on Relative Skeletal Muscle Mass
spellingShingle Dietary Protein Requirement Threshold and Micronutrients Profile in Healthy Older Women Based on Relative Skeletal Muscle Mass
Alun Williams
title_short Dietary Protein Requirement Threshold and Micronutrients Profile in Healthy Older Women Based on Relative Skeletal Muscle Mass
title_full Dietary Protein Requirement Threshold and Micronutrients Profile in Healthy Older Women Based on Relative Skeletal Muscle Mass
title_fullStr Dietary Protein Requirement Threshold and Micronutrients Profile in Healthy Older Women Based on Relative Skeletal Muscle Mass
title_full_unstemmed Dietary Protein Requirement Threshold and Micronutrients Profile in Healthy Older Women Based on Relative Skeletal Muscle Mass
title_sort Dietary Protein Requirement Threshold and Micronutrients Profile in Healthy Older Women Based on Relative Skeletal Muscle Mass
author_id_str_mv 050a482b2c9699d25870b9c591541998
author_id_fullname_str_mv 050a482b2c9699d25870b9c591541998_***_Alun Williams
author Alun Williams
author2 Praval Khanal
Lingxiao He
Hans Degens
Georgina K. Stebbings
Gladys L. Onambele-Pearson
Alun Williams
Martine Thomis
Christopher I. Morse
format Journal article
container_title Nutrients
container_volume 13
container_issue 9
container_start_page 3076
publishDate 2021
institution Swansea University
issn 2072-6643
doi_str_mv 10.3390/nu13093076
publisher MDPI AG
college_str Faculty of Science and Engineering
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hierarchy_top_title Faculty of Science and Engineering
hierarchy_parent_id facultyofscienceandengineering
hierarchy_parent_title Faculty of Science and Engineering
department_str School of Engineering and Applied Sciences - Uncategorised{{{_:::_}}}Faculty of Science and Engineering{{{_:::_}}}School of Engineering and Applied Sciences - Uncategorised
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description Although multiple nutrients have shown protective effects with regard to preserving muscle function, the recommended amount of dietary protein and other nutrients profile on older adults for maintenance of high muscle mass is still debatable. The aims of this paper were to: (1) identify dietary differences between older women with low and high relative skeletal muscle mass, and (2) identify the minimal dietary protein intake associated with high relative skeletal muscle mass and test the threshold ability to determine an association with skeletal muscle phenotypes. Older women ( = 281; 70 ± 7 years, 65 ± 14 kg), with both low and high relative skeletal muscle mass groups, completed a food questionnaire. Skeletal muscle mass, fat-free mass (FFM), biceps brachii thickness, anatomical cross-sectional area (VL ), handgrip strength (HGS), maximum elbow flexion torque (MVC ), maximum knee extension torque (MVC ), muscle quality (HGS/Body mass), and fat mass were measured. Older women with low relative skeletal muscle mass had a lower daily intake of protein, iodine, polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA), Vit E, manganese, milk, fish, nuts and seeds ( < 0.05) compared to women with high relative skeletal muscle mass. The minimum required dietary protein intake for high relative skeletal muscle mass was 1.17 g/kg body mass/day (g/kg/d) (sensitivity: 0.68; specificity: 0.62). Women consuming ≥1.17 g/kg/d had a lower BMI (B = -3.9, < 0.001) and fat mass (B = -7.8, < 0.001), and a higher muscle quality (B = 0.06, < 0.001). The data indicate that to maintain muscle mass and function, older women should consume ≥1.17 g/kg/d dietary protein, through a varied diet including milk, fish and nuts that also contain polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) and micronutrients such as iodine, Vit E and manganese.
published_date 2021-09-01T04:14:45Z
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