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Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic on Loneliness and Social Isolation: A Multi-Country Study

Roger O’Sullivan, Annette Burns, Gerard Leavey, Iracema Leroi, Vanessa Burholt Orcid Logo, James Lubben, Julianne Holt-Lunstad, Christina Victor, Brian Lawlor, Mireya Vilar-Compte, Carla M. Perissinotto, Mark A. Tully, Mary Pat Sullivan, Michael Rosato, Joanna McHugh Power, Elisa Tiilikainen, Thomas R. Prohaska

International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, Volume: 18, Issue: 19, Start page: 9982

Swansea University Author: Vanessa Burholt Orcid Logo

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DOI (Published version): 10.3390/ijerph18199982

Abstract

The COVID-19 global pandemic and subsequent public health social measures have challenged our social and economic life, with increasing concerns around potentially rising levels of social isolation and loneliness. This paper is based on cross-sectional online survey data (available in 10 languages,...

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Published in: International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health
ISSN: 1660-4601
Published: MDPI AG 2021
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URI: https://cronfa.swan.ac.uk/Record/cronfa58060
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spelling 2022-07-27T21:04:01.6911299 v2 58060 2021-09-23 Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic on Loneliness and Social Isolation: A Multi-Country Study cf7fe9863906cd54df5b0a99904d535e 0000-0002-6789-127X Vanessa Burholt Vanessa Burholt true false 2021-09-23 PHAC The COVID-19 global pandemic and subsequent public health social measures have challenged our social and economic life, with increasing concerns around potentially rising levels of social isolation and loneliness. This paper is based on cross-sectional online survey data (available in 10 languages, from 2 June to 16 November 2020) with 20,398 respondents from 101 different countries. It aims to help increase our understanding of the global risk factors that are associated with social isolation and loneliness, irrespective of culture or country, to support evidence-based policy, services and public health interventions. We found the prevalence of severe loneliness was 21% during COVID-19 with 6% retrospectively reporting severe loneliness prior to the pandemic. A fifth were defined as isolated based on their usual connections, with 13% reporting a substantial increase in isolation during COVID-19. Personal finances and mental health were overarching and consistently cross-cutting predictors of loneliness and social isolation, both before and during the pandemic. With the likelihood of future waves of COVID-19 and related restrictions, it must be a public health priority to address the root causes of loneliness and social isolation and, in particular, address the needs of specific groups such as carers or those living alone. Journal Article International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 18 19 9982 MDPI AG 1660-4601 loneliness; social isolation; public health; COVID-19; risk factors 23 9 2021 2021-09-23 10.3390/ijerph18199982 COLLEGE NANME Public Health COLLEGE CODE PHAC Swansea University Other No funding 2022-07-27T21:04:01.6911299 2021-09-23T21:15:12.1344530 Faculty of Medicine, Health and Life Sciences The Centre for Innovative Ageing Roger O’Sullivan 1 Annette Burns 2 Gerard Leavey 3 Iracema Leroi 4 Vanessa Burholt 0000-0002-6789-127X 5 James Lubben 6 Julianne Holt-Lunstad 7 Christina Victor 8 Brian Lawlor 9 Mireya Vilar-Compte 10 Carla M. Perissinotto 11 Mark A. Tully 12 Mary Pat Sullivan 13 Michael Rosato 14 Joanna McHugh Power 15 Elisa Tiilikainen 16 Thomas R. Prohaska 17 58060__20990__5b497abacfe140d3a94d76e191d86a07.pdf COVID19 loneliness ijerph-18-09982 OFFPRINT.pdf 2021-09-23T21:42:10.8990441 Output 378335 application/pdf Version of Record true © 2021 by the authors. This is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license true eng https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
title Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic on Loneliness and Social Isolation: A Multi-Country Study
spellingShingle Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic on Loneliness and Social Isolation: A Multi-Country Study
Vanessa Burholt
title_short Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic on Loneliness and Social Isolation: A Multi-Country Study
title_full Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic on Loneliness and Social Isolation: A Multi-Country Study
title_fullStr Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic on Loneliness and Social Isolation: A Multi-Country Study
title_full_unstemmed Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic on Loneliness and Social Isolation: A Multi-Country Study
title_sort Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic on Loneliness and Social Isolation: A Multi-Country Study
author_id_str_mv cf7fe9863906cd54df5b0a99904d535e
author_id_fullname_str_mv cf7fe9863906cd54df5b0a99904d535e_***_Vanessa Burholt
author Vanessa Burholt
author2 Roger O’Sullivan
Annette Burns
Gerard Leavey
Iracema Leroi
Vanessa Burholt
James Lubben
Julianne Holt-Lunstad
Christina Victor
Brian Lawlor
Mireya Vilar-Compte
Carla M. Perissinotto
Mark A. Tully
Mary Pat Sullivan
Michael Rosato
Joanna McHugh Power
Elisa Tiilikainen
Thomas R. Prohaska
format Journal article
container_title International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health
container_volume 18
container_issue 19
container_start_page 9982
publishDate 2021
institution Swansea University
issn 1660-4601
doi_str_mv 10.3390/ijerph18199982
publisher MDPI AG
college_str Faculty of Medicine, Health and Life Sciences
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hierarchy_top_id facultyofmedicinehealthandlifesciences
hierarchy_top_title Faculty of Medicine, Health and Life Sciences
hierarchy_parent_id facultyofmedicinehealthandlifesciences
hierarchy_parent_title Faculty of Medicine, Health and Life Sciences
department_str The Centre for Innovative Ageing{{{_:::_}}}Faculty of Medicine, Health and Life Sciences{{{_:::_}}}The Centre for Innovative Ageing
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description The COVID-19 global pandemic and subsequent public health social measures have challenged our social and economic life, with increasing concerns around potentially rising levels of social isolation and loneliness. This paper is based on cross-sectional online survey data (available in 10 languages, from 2 June to 16 November 2020) with 20,398 respondents from 101 different countries. It aims to help increase our understanding of the global risk factors that are associated with social isolation and loneliness, irrespective of culture or country, to support evidence-based policy, services and public health interventions. We found the prevalence of severe loneliness was 21% during COVID-19 with 6% retrospectively reporting severe loneliness prior to the pandemic. A fifth were defined as isolated based on their usual connections, with 13% reporting a substantial increase in isolation during COVID-19. Personal finances and mental health were overarching and consistently cross-cutting predictors of loneliness and social isolation, both before and during the pandemic. With the likelihood of future waves of COVID-19 and related restrictions, it must be a public health priority to address the root causes of loneliness and social isolation and, in particular, address the needs of specific groups such as carers or those living alone.
published_date 2021-09-23T04:14:16Z
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