Selective effects of small barriers on river‐resident fish

Jones, Peter E.; Champneys, Toby; Vevers, Jessica; Borger, Luca; Svendsen, Jon C.; del, Sofia Consuegra; Jones, Josh; De, Carlos Garcia

doi:10.1111/1365-2664.13875

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Selective effects of small barriers on river‐resident fish

Peter E. Jones, Toby Champneys, Jessica Vevers, Luca Borger

, Jon C. Svendsen, Sofia Consuegra del Olmo

, Josh Jones

, Carlos Garcia De Leaniz

Journal of Applied Ecology, Volume: 58, Issue: 7, Pages: 1487 - 1498

Swansea University Authors: Toby Champneys, Jessica Vevers, Luca Borger , Sofia Consuegra del Olmo , Josh Jones , Carlos Garcia De Leaniz

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DOI (Published version): 10.1111/1365-2664.13875

Abstract

Habitat fragmentation is a principal threat to biodiversity and artificial river barriers are a leading cause of the global decline in freshwater biota. Although the impact of barriers on diadromous fish is well established, impacts on river-resident fish communities remain unclear, especially for l...

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Published in:	Journal of Applied Ecology
ISSN:	0021-8901 1365-2664
Published:	Wiley 2021
Online Access:	Check full text
URI:	https://cronfa.swan.ac.uk/Record/cronfa57808

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Although the impact of barriers on diadromous fish is well established, impacts on river-resident fish communities remain unclear, especially for low-head barriers.We examined the movement of five contrasting freshwater fish (topmouth gudgeon, European minnow, stone loach, bullhead and brown trout) in an experimental cascade mesocosm with seven pools separated by small vertical barriers.Passage rates differed significantly among species and increased with body size and sustained swimming speed (Usus), ranging from an average of 0.2 passes/hr in topmouth gudgeon to 3.4 passes/hr in brown trout. A random-walk simulation indicated that barriers can result in net downstream movement and shifts in community composition.Passage rates in brown trout were leptokurtic, that is, most individuals were relatively sedentary while a small proportion showed frequent movements. Upstream passage rates of brown trout increased with body length and boldness while fish with lower aerobic scope tended to move downstream. Passage rates showed significant individual repeatability in brown trout, independent of body size, indicating the potential for in-stream barriers to exert selective effects on fish populations.Our results show that barrier effects can be more complex than simply blocking fish passage, and that river-resident fish can be impacted even by very small barriers. We show that fish passage depends on a wide range of morphological, physiological and behavioural drivers, and that barriers can exert selective effects on these traits and cause shifts in community composition.Policy implications. Barrier mitigation measures need to embrace interspecific and intraspecific variation in fish passage to avoid inadvertent artificial selection on fish communities. Given the high abundance of low-head structures in river systems worldwide, a paradigm shift is needed to recognise the subtle impacts of small barriers on freshwater biodiversity. 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spelling	2021-10-08T11:12:40.6738746 v2 57808 2021-09-07 Selective effects of small barriers on river‐resident fish f92c0833a00513eb43fbd10f007f715d Toby Champneys Toby Champneys true false 1fe6f3efd6978705430740841f871ebe Jessica Vevers Jessica Vevers true false 8416d0ffc3cccdad6e6d67a455e7c4a2 0000-0001-8763-5997 Luca Borger Luca Borger true false 241f2810ab8f56be53ca8af23e384c6e 0000-0003-4403-2509 Sofia Consuegra del Olmo Sofia Consuegra del Olmo true false ba449bb58016ff34c4c18abadabb40c6 0000-0001-9047-9147 Josh Jones Josh Jones true false 1c70acd0fd64edb0856b7cf34393ab02 0000-0003-1650-2729 Carlos Garcia De Leaniz Carlos Garcia De Leaniz true false 2021-09-07 BGPS Habitat fragmentation is a principal threat to biodiversity and artificial river barriers are a leading cause of the global decline in freshwater biota. Although the impact of barriers on diadromous fish is well established, impacts on river-resident fish communities remain unclear, especially for low-head barriers.We examined the movement of five contrasting freshwater fish (topmouth gudgeon, European minnow, stone loach, bullhead and brown trout) in an experimental cascade mesocosm with seven pools separated by small vertical barriers.Passage rates differed significantly among species and increased with body size and sustained swimming speed (Usus), ranging from an average of 0.2 passes/hr in topmouth gudgeon to 3.4 passes/hr in brown trout. A random-walk simulation indicated that barriers can result in net downstream movement and shifts in community composition.Passage rates in brown trout were leptokurtic, that is, most individuals were relatively sedentary while a small proportion showed frequent movements. Upstream passage rates of brown trout increased with body length and boldness while fish with lower aerobic scope tended to move downstream. Passage rates showed significant individual repeatability in brown trout, independent of body size, indicating the potential for in-stream barriers to exert selective effects on fish populations.Our results show that barrier effects can be more complex than simply blocking fish passage, and that river-resident fish can be impacted even by very small barriers. We show that fish passage depends on a wide range of morphological, physiological and behavioural drivers, and that barriers can exert selective effects on these traits and cause shifts in community composition.Policy implications. Barrier mitigation measures need to embrace interspecific and intraspecific variation in fish passage to avoid inadvertent artificial selection on fish communities. Given the high abundance of low-head structures in river systems worldwide, a paradigm shift is needed to recognise the subtle impacts of small barriers on freshwater biodiversity. Removal of small barriers or nature-like fishways should allow better passage of the wider fish community compared to widely used salmonid-centric fish passage options. Journal Article Journal of Applied Ecology 58 7 1487 1498 Wiley 0021-8901 1365-2664 barrier passage; fish pass; functional trait; potamodromous; repeatability; river connectivity; selective effects; stream fragmentation 3 7 2021 2021-07-03 10.1111/1365-2664.13875 COLLEGE NANME Biosciences Geography and Physics School COLLEGE CODE BGPS Swansea University AMBER project, Horizon 2020 Framework Programme Grant/Award Number: 689682 2021-10-08T11:12:40.6738746 2021-09-07T17:33:17.6731490 Faculty of Science and Engineering School of Biosciences, Geography and Physics - Biosciences Peter E. Jones 1 Toby Champneys 2 Jessica Vevers 3 Luca Borger 0000-0001-8763-5997 4 Jon C. Svendsen 5 Sofia Consuegra del Olmo 0000-0003-4403-2509 6 Josh Jones 0000-0001-9047-9147 7 Carlos Garcia De Leaniz 0000-0003-1650-2729 8 57808__21116__6967e6b54953421fb09649fe6a298b65.pdf 57808.pdf 2021-10-08T11:07:46.2370068 Output 1115850 application/pdf Version of Record true © 2021 The Authors. This is an open access article under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License true eng http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
title	Selective effects of small barriers on river‐resident fish
spellingShingle	Selective effects of small barriers on river‐resident fish Toby Champneys Jessica Vevers Luca Borger Sofia Consuegra del Olmo Josh Jones Carlos Garcia De Leaniz
title_short	Selective effects of small barriers on river‐resident fish
title_full	Selective effects of small barriers on river‐resident fish
title_fullStr	Selective effects of small barriers on river‐resident fish
title_full_unstemmed	Selective effects of small barriers on river‐resident fish
title_sort	Selective effects of small barriers on river‐resident fish
author_id_str_mv	f92c0833a00513eb43fbd10f007f715d 1fe6f3efd6978705430740841f871ebe 8416d0ffc3cccdad6e6d67a455e7c4a2 241f2810ab8f56be53ca8af23e384c6e ba449bb58016ff34c4c18abadabb40c6 1c70acd0fd64edb0856b7cf34393ab02
author_id_fullname_str_mv	f92c0833a00513eb43fbd10f007f715d_*_Toby Champneys 1fe6f3efd6978705430740841f871ebe__Jessica Vevers 8416d0ffc3cccdad6e6d67a455e7c4a2__Luca Borger 241f2810ab8f56be53ca8af23e384c6e__Sofia Consuegra del Olmo ba449bb58016ff34c4c18abadabb40c6__Josh Jones 1c70acd0fd64edb0856b7cf34393ab02_*_Carlos Garcia De Leaniz
author	Toby Champneys Jessica Vevers Luca Borger Sofia Consuegra del Olmo Josh Jones Carlos Garcia De Leaniz
author2	Peter E. Jones Toby Champneys Jessica Vevers Luca Borger Jon C. Svendsen Sofia Consuegra del Olmo Josh Jones Carlos Garcia De Leaniz
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container_title	Journal of Applied Ecology
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publisher	Wiley
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description	Habitat fragmentation is a principal threat to biodiversity and artificial river barriers are a leading cause of the global decline in freshwater biota. Although the impact of barriers on diadromous fish is well established, impacts on river-resident fish communities remain unclear, especially for low-head barriers.We examined the movement of five contrasting freshwater fish (topmouth gudgeon, European minnow, stone loach, bullhead and brown trout) in an experimental cascade mesocosm with seven pools separated by small vertical barriers.Passage rates differed significantly among species and increased with body size and sustained swimming speed (Usus), ranging from an average of 0.2 passes/hr in topmouth gudgeon to 3.4 passes/hr in brown trout. A random-walk simulation indicated that barriers can result in net downstream movement and shifts in community composition.Passage rates in brown trout were leptokurtic, that is, most individuals were relatively sedentary while a small proportion showed frequent movements. Upstream passage rates of brown trout increased with body length and boldness while fish with lower aerobic scope tended to move downstream. Passage rates showed significant individual repeatability in brown trout, independent of body size, indicating the potential for in-stream barriers to exert selective effects on fish populations.Our results show that barrier effects can be more complex than simply blocking fish passage, and that river-resident fish can be impacted even by very small barriers. We show that fish passage depends on a wide range of morphological, physiological and behavioural drivers, and that barriers can exert selective effects on these traits and cause shifts in community composition.Policy implications. Barrier mitigation measures need to embrace interspecific and intraspecific variation in fish passage to avoid inadvertent artificial selection on fish communities. Given the high abundance of low-head structures in river systems worldwide, a paradigm shift is needed to recognise the subtle impacts of small barriers on freshwater biodiversity. Removal of small barriers or nature-like fishways should allow better passage of the wider fish community compared to widely used salmonid-centric fish passage options.
published_date	2021-07-03T05:05:51Z
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Selective effects of small barriers on river‐resident fish

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