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Path tortuosity changes the transport cost paradigm in terrestrial animals

Rory Wilson Orcid Logo, Kayleigh Rose Orcid Logo, Richard Metcalfe Orcid Logo, Mark Holton Orcid Logo, James Redcliffe, Richard Gunner, Luca Borger Orcid Logo, Anne Loison, Miloš Jezek, Michael S. Painter, Vaclav Silovský, Nikki Marks, Mathieu Garel, C. Toïgo, Pascal Marchand, N. C. Bennett, Melitta McNarry Orcid Logo, Kelly Mackintosh Orcid Logo, Rowan Brown Orcid Logo, DAVID SCANTLEBURY

Ecography, Volume: 44, Issue: 10

Swansea University Authors: Rory Wilson Orcid Logo, Kayleigh Rose Orcid Logo, Richard Metcalfe Orcid Logo, Mark Holton Orcid Logo, James Redcliffe, Richard Gunner, Luca Borger Orcid Logo, Melitta McNarry Orcid Logo, Kelly Mackintosh Orcid Logo, Rowan Brown Orcid Logo, DAVID SCANTLEBURY

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DOI (Published version): 10.1111/ecog.05850

Abstract

The time that animals spend travelling at various speeds and the tortuosity of their movement paths are two of the many things that affect space-use by animals. In this, high turn rates are predicted to be energetically costly, especially at high travel speeds, which implies that animals should modu...

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Published in: Ecography
ISSN: 0906-7590 1600-0587
Published: Wiley 2021
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URI: https://cronfa.swan.ac.uk/Record/cronfa57321
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In this, high turn rates are predicted to be energetically costly, especially at high travel speeds, which implies that animals should modulate their speed according to path characteristics. When animals move so as to maximize distance and minimize metabolic energy expenditure, they travel most efficiently at the speed that gives them a minimum cost of transport (COTmin), a well-defined point for animals that move entirely in fluid media. Theoretical considerations show though, that land animals should travel at their maximum speed to minimize COT, which they do not, instead travelling at walking pace. So, to what extent does COTmin depend on speed and turn rate and how might this relate to movement paths? We measured oxygen consumption in humans walking along paths with varied tortuosity at defined speeds to demonstrate that the energetic costs of negotiating these paths increase disproportionately with both speed and angular velocity. This resulted in the COTmin occurring at very low speeds, and these COTmin speeds reduced with increased path tortuosity and angular velocity. Logged movement data from six free-ranging terrestrial species underpinned this because all individuals turned with greater angular velocity the slower their travel speeds across their full speed range. 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spelling 2022-10-31T12:28:50.8939828 v2 57321 2021-07-14 Path tortuosity changes the transport cost paradigm in terrestrial animals 017bc6dd155098860945dc6249c4e9bc 0000-0003-3177-0177 Rory Wilson Rory Wilson true false 83a47731b96af0d69fcbdb6c4c5a20aa 0000-0001-7023-2809 Kayleigh Rose Kayleigh Rose true false 9bb783273dd9d54a2f3f66f75c43abdf 0000-0003-0980-2977 Richard Metcalfe Richard Metcalfe true false 0e1d89d0cc934a740dcd0a873aed178e 0000-0001-8834-3283 Mark Holton Mark Holton true false 4046e46611e52bf1ee798d17411df8e9 James Redcliffe James Redcliffe true false 2683356ac0ac5d43946ac1f5b93e00e3 Richard Gunner Richard Gunner true false 8416d0ffc3cccdad6e6d67a455e7c4a2 0000-0001-8763-5997 Luca Borger Luca Borger true false 062f5697ff59f004bc8c713955988398 0000-0003-0813-7477 Melitta McNarry Melitta McNarry true false bdb20e3f31bcccf95c7bc116070c4214 0000-0003-0355-6357 Kelly Mackintosh Kelly Mackintosh true false d7db8d42c476dfa69c15ce06d29bd863 0000-0003-3628-2524 Rowan Brown Rowan Brown true false 364106091683789213702c34d02998ee DAVID SCANTLEBURY DAVID SCANTLEBURY true false 2021-07-14 SBI The time that animals spend travelling at various speeds and the tortuosity of their movement paths are two of the many things that affect space-use by animals. In this, high turn rates are predicted to be energetically costly, especially at high travel speeds, which implies that animals should modulate their speed according to path characteristics. When animals move so as to maximize distance and minimize metabolic energy expenditure, they travel most efficiently at the speed that gives them a minimum cost of transport (COTmin), a well-defined point for animals that move entirely in fluid media. Theoretical considerations show though, that land animals should travel at their maximum speed to minimize COT, which they do not, instead travelling at walking pace. So, to what extent does COTmin depend on speed and turn rate and how might this relate to movement paths? We measured oxygen consumption in humans walking along paths with varied tortuosity at defined speeds to demonstrate that the energetic costs of negotiating these paths increase disproportionately with both speed and angular velocity. This resulted in the COTmin occurring at very low speeds, and these COTmin speeds reduced with increased path tortuosity and angular velocity. Logged movement data from six free-ranging terrestrial species underpinned this because all individuals turned with greater angular velocity the slower their travel speeds across their full speed range. It seems, therefore, that land animals may strive to achieve minimum movement costs by reducing speed with increasing path variability, providing one of many possible explanations as to why speed is much lower than currently predicted based on lab measurements of mammalian locomotor performance. Journal Article Ecography 44 10 Wiley 0906-7590 1600-0587 14 9 2021 2021-09-14 10.1111/ecog.05850 COLLEGE NANME Biosciences COLLEGE CODE SBI Swansea University SU Library paid the OA fee (TA Institutional Deal) OP RDE (GrantNumber(s): QK1910462) ANR Move-It (GrantNumber(s): ANR #16-CE02-0010) EVA4.0 (GrantNumber(s): CZ.02.1.01/0.0/0.0/16_019/0000803 ) 2022-10-31T12:28:50.8939828 2021-07-14T22:04:19.0499958 Faculty of Science and Engineering School of Biosciences, Geography and Physics - Biosciences Rory Wilson 0000-0003-3177-0177 1 Kayleigh Rose 0000-0001-7023-2809 2 Richard Metcalfe 0000-0003-0980-2977 3 Mark Holton 0000-0001-8834-3283 4 James Redcliffe 5 Richard Gunner 6 Luca Borger 0000-0001-8763-5997 7 Anne Loison 8 Miloš Jezek 9 Michael S. Painter 10 Vaclav Silovský 11 Nikki Marks 12 Mathieu Garel 13 C. Toïgo 14 Pascal Marchand 15 N. C. Bennett 16 Melitta McNarry 0000-0003-0813-7477 17 Kelly Mackintosh 0000-0003-0355-6357 18 Rowan Brown 0000-0003-3628-2524 19 DAVID SCANTLEBURY 20 57321__20870__2fbcefda76644ebc83df6a9aa59c18de.pdf 57321 (2).pdf 2021-09-16T11:53:33.0392600 Output 3455065 application/pdf Version of Record true © 2021 The Authors. This is an open access article under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Licens true eng https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
title Path tortuosity changes the transport cost paradigm in terrestrial animals
spellingShingle Path tortuosity changes the transport cost paradigm in terrestrial animals
Rory Wilson
Kayleigh Rose
Richard Metcalfe
Mark Holton
James Redcliffe
Richard Gunner
Luca Borger
Melitta McNarry
Kelly Mackintosh
Rowan Brown
DAVID SCANTLEBURY
title_short Path tortuosity changes the transport cost paradigm in terrestrial animals
title_full Path tortuosity changes the transport cost paradigm in terrestrial animals
title_fullStr Path tortuosity changes the transport cost paradigm in terrestrial animals
title_full_unstemmed Path tortuosity changes the transport cost paradigm in terrestrial animals
title_sort Path tortuosity changes the transport cost paradigm in terrestrial animals
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author_id_fullname_str_mv 017bc6dd155098860945dc6249c4e9bc_***_Rory Wilson
83a47731b96af0d69fcbdb6c4c5a20aa_***_Kayleigh Rose
9bb783273dd9d54a2f3f66f75c43abdf_***_Richard Metcalfe
0e1d89d0cc934a740dcd0a873aed178e_***_Mark Holton
4046e46611e52bf1ee798d17411df8e9_***_James Redcliffe
2683356ac0ac5d43946ac1f5b93e00e3_***_Richard Gunner
8416d0ffc3cccdad6e6d67a455e7c4a2_***_Luca Borger
062f5697ff59f004bc8c713955988398_***_Melitta McNarry
bdb20e3f31bcccf95c7bc116070c4214_***_Kelly Mackintosh
d7db8d42c476dfa69c15ce06d29bd863_***_Rowan Brown
364106091683789213702c34d02998ee_***_DAVID SCANTLEBURY
author Rory Wilson
Kayleigh Rose
Richard Metcalfe
Mark Holton
James Redcliffe
Richard Gunner
Luca Borger
Melitta McNarry
Kelly Mackintosh
Rowan Brown
DAVID SCANTLEBURY
author2 Rory Wilson
Kayleigh Rose
Richard Metcalfe
Mark Holton
James Redcliffe
Richard Gunner
Luca Borger
Anne Loison
Miloš Jezek
Michael S. Painter
Vaclav Silovský
Nikki Marks
Mathieu Garel
C. Toïgo
Pascal Marchand
N. C. Bennett
Melitta McNarry
Kelly Mackintosh
Rowan Brown
DAVID SCANTLEBURY
format Journal article
container_title Ecography
container_volume 44
container_issue 10
publishDate 2021
institution Swansea University
issn 0906-7590
1600-0587
doi_str_mv 10.1111/ecog.05850
publisher Wiley
college_str Faculty of Science and Engineering
hierarchytype
hierarchy_top_id facultyofscienceandengineering
hierarchy_top_title Faculty of Science and Engineering
hierarchy_parent_id facultyofscienceandengineering
hierarchy_parent_title Faculty of Science and Engineering
department_str School of Biosciences, Geography and Physics - Biosciences{{{_:::_}}}Faculty of Science and Engineering{{{_:::_}}}School of Biosciences, Geography and Physics - Biosciences
document_store_str 1
active_str 0
description The time that animals spend travelling at various speeds and the tortuosity of their movement paths are two of the many things that affect space-use by animals. In this, high turn rates are predicted to be energetically costly, especially at high travel speeds, which implies that animals should modulate their speed according to path characteristics. When animals move so as to maximize distance and minimize metabolic energy expenditure, they travel most efficiently at the speed that gives them a minimum cost of transport (COTmin), a well-defined point for animals that move entirely in fluid media. Theoretical considerations show though, that land animals should travel at their maximum speed to minimize COT, which they do not, instead travelling at walking pace. So, to what extent does COTmin depend on speed and turn rate and how might this relate to movement paths? We measured oxygen consumption in humans walking along paths with varied tortuosity at defined speeds to demonstrate that the energetic costs of negotiating these paths increase disproportionately with both speed and angular velocity. This resulted in the COTmin occurring at very low speeds, and these COTmin speeds reduced with increased path tortuosity and angular velocity. Logged movement data from six free-ranging terrestrial species underpinned this because all individuals turned with greater angular velocity the slower their travel speeds across their full speed range. It seems, therefore, that land animals may strive to achieve minimum movement costs by reducing speed with increasing path variability, providing one of many possible explanations as to why speed is much lower than currently predicted based on lab measurements of mammalian locomotor performance.
published_date 2021-09-14T04:12:58Z
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score 11.037166

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