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Reaction Time Decomposition as a Tool to Study Subcortical Ischemic Vascular Cognitive Impairment

Emma Richards Orcid Logo, Andrea Tales Orcid Logo, Antony Bayer, Jade E. Norris, Claire Hanley Orcid Logo, Ian M. Thornton

Journal of Alzheimer's Disease Reports, Volume: 5, Issue: 1, Pages: 625 - 636

Swansea University Authors: Emma Richards Orcid Logo, Andrea Tales Orcid Logo, Claire Hanley Orcid Logo

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DOI (Published version): 10.3233/adr-210029

Abstract

Background:The study of reaction time (RT) and its intraindividual variability (IIV) in aging, cognitive impairment, and dementia typically fails to investigate the processing stages that contribute to an overall response. Applying “mental chronometry” techniques makes it possible to separately asse...

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Published in: Journal of Alzheimer's Disease Reports
ISSN: 2542-4823
Published: IOS Press 2021
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URI: https://cronfa.swan.ac.uk/Record/cronfa57313
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fullrecord <?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?><rfc1807 xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:xsd="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema"><bib-version>v2</bib-version><id>57313</id><entry>2021-07-12</entry><title>Reaction Time Decomposition as a Tool to Study Subcortical Ischemic Vascular Cognitive Impairment</title><swanseaauthors><author><sid>6aa8d137c14dc87b9b7e5f597903c578</sid><ORCID>0000-0002-1063-2576</ORCID><firstname>Emma</firstname><surname>Richards</surname><name>Emma Richards</name><active>true</active><ethesisStudent>false</ethesisStudent></author><author><sid>9b53a866ddacb566c38ee336706aef5f</sid><ORCID>0000-0003-4825-4555</ORCID><firstname>Andrea</firstname><surname>Tales</surname><name>Andrea Tales</name><active>true</active><ethesisStudent>false</ethesisStudent></author><author><sid>8a50e5bcfe0164091b248e4602789bd7</sid><ORCID>0000-0002-9520-8490</ORCID><firstname>Claire</firstname><surname>Hanley</surname><name>Claire Hanley</name><active>true</active><ethesisStudent>false</ethesisStudent></author></swanseaauthors><date>2021-07-12</date><deptcode>PHAC</deptcode><abstract>Background:The study of reaction time (RT) and its intraindividual variability (IIV) in aging, cognitive impairment, and dementia typically fails to investigate the processing stages that contribute to an overall response. Applying “mental chronometry” techniques makes it possible to separately assess the role of processing components during environmental interaction.Objective:To determine whether RT and IIV-decomposition techniques can shed light on the nature of underlying deficits in subcortical ischemic vascular cognitive impairment (VCI). Using a novel iPad task, we examined whether VCI deficits occur during both initiation and movement phases of a response, and whether they are equally reflected in both RT and IIV.Methods:Touch cancellation RT and its IIV were measured in a group of younger adults (n = 22), cognitively healthy older adults (n = 21), and patients with VCI (n = 21) using an iPad task.Results:Whereas cognitively healthy aging affected the speed (RT) of response initiation and movement but not its variability (IIV), VCI resulted in both slowed RT and increased IIV for both response phases. Furthermore, there were group differences with respect to response phase.Conclusion:These results indicate that IIV can be more sensitive than absolute RT in separating VCI from normal aging. Furthermore, compared to cognitively healthy aging, VCI was characterized by significant deficits in planning/initiating action as well as performing movements. Such deficits have important implications for real life actions such as driving safety, employment, and falls risk.</abstract><type>Journal Article</type><journal>Journal of Alzheimer's Disease Reports</journal><volume>5</volume><journalNumber>1</journalNumber><paginationStart>625</paginationStart><paginationEnd>636</paginationEnd><publisher>IOS Press</publisher><placeOfPublication/><isbnPrint/><isbnElectronic/><issnPrint/><issnElectronic>2542-4823</issnElectronic><keywords>Aging, attention, cerebral small vessel disease, dementia, intra-individual variability, mental chronometry, reaction time, stimulus response/movement initiation &amp;amp; control, vascular cognitive impairment</keywords><publishedDay>6</publishedDay><publishedMonth>8</publishedMonth><publishedYear>2021</publishedYear><publishedDate>2021-08-06</publishedDate><doi>10.3233/adr-210029</doi><url/><notes/><college>COLLEGE NANME</college><department>Public Health</department><CollegeCode>COLLEGE CODE</CollegeCode><DepartmentCode>PHAC</DepartmentCode><institution>Swansea University</institution><apcterm>Not Required</apcterm><funders/><projectreference/><lastEdited>2024-01-29T14:44:25.9954193</lastEdited><Created>2021-07-12T16:34:04.4214862</Created><path><level id="1">Faculty of Medicine, Health and Life Sciences</level><level id="2">The Centre for Innovative Ageing</level></path><authors><author><firstname>Emma</firstname><surname>Richards</surname><orcid>0000-0002-1063-2576</orcid><order>1</order></author><author><firstname>Andrea</firstname><surname>Tales</surname><orcid>0000-0003-4825-4555</orcid><order>2</order></author><author><firstname>Antony</firstname><surname>Bayer</surname><order>3</order></author><author><firstname>Jade E.</firstname><surname>Norris</surname><order>4</order></author><author><firstname>Claire</firstname><surname>Hanley</surname><orcid>0000-0002-9520-8490</orcid><order>5</order></author><author><firstname>Ian M.</firstname><surname>Thornton</surname><order>6</order></author></authors><documents><document><filename>57313__20903__92e75f90f4ca4804a2f4186708561370.pdf</filename><originalFilename>57313.pdf</originalFilename><uploaded>2021-09-17T12:00:32.8364828</uploaded><type>Output</type><contentLength>288174</contentLength><contentType>application/pdf</contentType><version>Version of Record</version><cronfaStatus>true</cronfaStatus><documentNotes>© 2021 The authors. 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spelling v2 57313 2021-07-12 Reaction Time Decomposition as a Tool to Study Subcortical Ischemic Vascular Cognitive Impairment 6aa8d137c14dc87b9b7e5f597903c578 0000-0002-1063-2576 Emma Richards Emma Richards true false 9b53a866ddacb566c38ee336706aef5f 0000-0003-4825-4555 Andrea Tales Andrea Tales true false 8a50e5bcfe0164091b248e4602789bd7 0000-0002-9520-8490 Claire Hanley Claire Hanley true false 2021-07-12 PHAC Background:The study of reaction time (RT) and its intraindividual variability (IIV) in aging, cognitive impairment, and dementia typically fails to investigate the processing stages that contribute to an overall response. Applying “mental chronometry” techniques makes it possible to separately assess the role of processing components during environmental interaction.Objective:To determine whether RT and IIV-decomposition techniques can shed light on the nature of underlying deficits in subcortical ischemic vascular cognitive impairment (VCI). Using a novel iPad task, we examined whether VCI deficits occur during both initiation and movement phases of a response, and whether they are equally reflected in both RT and IIV.Methods:Touch cancellation RT and its IIV were measured in a group of younger adults (n = 22), cognitively healthy older adults (n = 21), and patients with VCI (n = 21) using an iPad task.Results:Whereas cognitively healthy aging affected the speed (RT) of response initiation and movement but not its variability (IIV), VCI resulted in both slowed RT and increased IIV for both response phases. Furthermore, there were group differences with respect to response phase.Conclusion:These results indicate that IIV can be more sensitive than absolute RT in separating VCI from normal aging. Furthermore, compared to cognitively healthy aging, VCI was characterized by significant deficits in planning/initiating action as well as performing movements. Such deficits have important implications for real life actions such as driving safety, employment, and falls risk. Journal Article Journal of Alzheimer's Disease Reports 5 1 625 636 IOS Press 2542-4823 Aging, attention, cerebral small vessel disease, dementia, intra-individual variability, mental chronometry, reaction time, stimulus response/movement initiation &amp; control, vascular cognitive impairment 6 8 2021 2021-08-06 10.3233/adr-210029 COLLEGE NANME Public Health COLLEGE CODE PHAC Swansea University Not Required 2024-01-29T14:44:25.9954193 2021-07-12T16:34:04.4214862 Faculty of Medicine, Health and Life Sciences The Centre for Innovative Ageing Emma Richards 0000-0002-1063-2576 1 Andrea Tales 0000-0003-4825-4555 2 Antony Bayer 3 Jade E. Norris 4 Claire Hanley 0000-0002-9520-8490 5 Ian M. Thornton 6 57313__20903__92e75f90f4ca4804a2f4186708561370.pdf 57313.pdf 2021-09-17T12:00:32.8364828 Output 288174 application/pdf Version of Record true © 2021 The authors. This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial License (CC BY-NC 4.0) true eng https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/
title Reaction Time Decomposition as a Tool to Study Subcortical Ischemic Vascular Cognitive Impairment
spellingShingle Reaction Time Decomposition as a Tool to Study Subcortical Ischemic Vascular Cognitive Impairment
Emma Richards
Andrea Tales
Claire Hanley
title_short Reaction Time Decomposition as a Tool to Study Subcortical Ischemic Vascular Cognitive Impairment
title_full Reaction Time Decomposition as a Tool to Study Subcortical Ischemic Vascular Cognitive Impairment
title_fullStr Reaction Time Decomposition as a Tool to Study Subcortical Ischemic Vascular Cognitive Impairment
title_full_unstemmed Reaction Time Decomposition as a Tool to Study Subcortical Ischemic Vascular Cognitive Impairment
title_sort Reaction Time Decomposition as a Tool to Study Subcortical Ischemic Vascular Cognitive Impairment
author_id_str_mv 6aa8d137c14dc87b9b7e5f597903c578
9b53a866ddacb566c38ee336706aef5f
8a50e5bcfe0164091b248e4602789bd7
author_id_fullname_str_mv 6aa8d137c14dc87b9b7e5f597903c578_***_Emma Richards
9b53a866ddacb566c38ee336706aef5f_***_Andrea Tales
8a50e5bcfe0164091b248e4602789bd7_***_Claire Hanley
author Emma Richards
Andrea Tales
Claire Hanley
author2 Emma Richards
Andrea Tales
Antony Bayer
Jade E. Norris
Claire Hanley
Ian M. Thornton
format Journal article
container_title Journal of Alzheimer's Disease Reports
container_volume 5
container_issue 1
container_start_page 625
publishDate 2021
institution Swansea University
issn 2542-4823
doi_str_mv 10.3233/adr-210029
publisher IOS Press
college_str Faculty of Medicine, Health and Life Sciences
hierarchytype
hierarchy_top_id facultyofmedicinehealthandlifesciences
hierarchy_top_title Faculty of Medicine, Health and Life Sciences
hierarchy_parent_id facultyofmedicinehealthandlifesciences
hierarchy_parent_title Faculty of Medicine, Health and Life Sciences
department_str The Centre for Innovative Ageing{{{_:::_}}}Faculty of Medicine, Health and Life Sciences{{{_:::_}}}The Centre for Innovative Ageing
document_store_str 1
active_str 0
description Background:The study of reaction time (RT) and its intraindividual variability (IIV) in aging, cognitive impairment, and dementia typically fails to investigate the processing stages that contribute to an overall response. Applying “mental chronometry” techniques makes it possible to separately assess the role of processing components during environmental interaction.Objective:To determine whether RT and IIV-decomposition techniques can shed light on the nature of underlying deficits in subcortical ischemic vascular cognitive impairment (VCI). Using a novel iPad task, we examined whether VCI deficits occur during both initiation and movement phases of a response, and whether they are equally reflected in both RT and IIV.Methods:Touch cancellation RT and its IIV were measured in a group of younger adults (n = 22), cognitively healthy older adults (n = 21), and patients with VCI (n = 21) using an iPad task.Results:Whereas cognitively healthy aging affected the speed (RT) of response initiation and movement but not its variability (IIV), VCI resulted in both slowed RT and increased IIV for both response phases. Furthermore, there were group differences with respect to response phase.Conclusion:These results indicate that IIV can be more sensitive than absolute RT in separating VCI from normal aging. Furthermore, compared to cognitively healthy aging, VCI was characterized by significant deficits in planning/initiating action as well as performing movements. Such deficits have important implications for real life actions such as driving safety, employment, and falls risk.
published_date 2021-08-06T14:44:24Z
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