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Forgotten fatalities: British military, mining and maritime accidents since 1900

Stephen Roberts Orcid Logo, T Carter, H D Smith, Ann John Orcid Logo, John Williams

Occupational Medicine, Volume: 71

Swansea University Authors: Stephen Roberts Orcid Logo, Ann John Orcid Logo, John Williams

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DOI (Published version): 10.1093/occmed/kqab108

Abstract

BackgroundComparative long-term trends in fatal accident rates in the UK’s most hazardous occupations have not been reported.AimsTo compare trends in fatal accident rates in six of the most hazardous occupations (the three armed forces, merchant shipping, sea fishing and coal mining) and the general...

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Published in: Occupational Medicine
ISSN: 0962-7480 1471-8405
Published: Oxford University Press (OUP) 2021
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URI: https://cronfa.swan.ac.uk/Record/cronfa57295
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fullrecord <?xml version="1.0"?><rfc1807><datestamp>2021-09-20T12:15:49.3989484</datestamp><bib-version>v2</bib-version><id>57295</id><entry>2021-07-10</entry><title>Forgotten fatalities: British military, mining and maritime accidents since 1900</title><swanseaauthors><author><sid>cb60dd928f72fe7ea03595dab995f070</sid><ORCID>0000-0001-7981-520X</ORCID><firstname>Stephen</firstname><surname>Roberts</surname><name>Stephen Roberts</name><active>true</active><ethesisStudent>false</ethesisStudent></author><author><sid>ed8a9c37bd7b7235b762d941ef18ee55</sid><ORCID>0000-0002-5657-6995</ORCID><firstname>Ann</firstname><surname>John</surname><name>Ann John</name><active>true</active><ethesisStudent>false</ethesisStudent></author><author><sid>911a5c03419acf47eab0844e2cd5ab7f</sid><firstname>John</firstname><surname>Williams</surname><name>John Williams</name><active>true</active><ethesisStudent>false</ethesisStudent></author></swanseaauthors><date>2021-07-10</date><deptcode>HDAT</deptcode><abstract>BackgroundComparative long-term trends in fatal accident rates in the UK&#x2019;s most hazardous occupations have not been reported.AimsTo compare trends in fatal accident rates in six of the most hazardous occupations (the three armed forces, merchant shipping, sea fishing and coal mining) and the general British workforce during peacetime years since 1900.MethodsExaminations of annual mortality reports, returns, inquiry files and statistics. The main outcome measure was the fatal accident rate per 100 000 population employed.ResultsThese six occupations accounted for ~40% of all fatal accidents in the British workforce. Fatal accident rates were highest in merchant shipping to 1914 (400&#x2013;600 per 100 000) and in the Royal Air Force and sea fishing by the early 1920s (around 300 per 100 000). Since the 1950s sea fishing has remained the most hazardous occupation (50&#x2013;200). Widespread reductions in fatal accident rates for each occupation have been greatest in recent years in the three armed forces and merchant shipping. Compared with the general workforce, relative risks of fatalities have increased in recent decades in all these occupations except shipping.ConclusionsAll six occupations still have high fatal accident rates. The greatly increased fatalities in sea fishing generally and in the Royal Air Force during its early years reflect, for different reasons, cultures of extreme risk-taking in these two sectors. Reductions in fatality rates in the armed forces over the last 20 years are due largely to decreases in land transport accidents.</abstract><type>Journal Article</type><journal>Occupational Medicine</journal><volume>71</volume><journalNumber/><paginationStart/><paginationEnd/><publisher>Oxford University Press (OUP)</publisher><placeOfPublication/><isbnPrint/><isbnElectronic/><issnPrint>0962-7480</issnPrint><issnElectronic>1471-8405</issnElectronic><keywords>Accidents; army; injury; maritime; military; miners; naval; workplace hazards</keywords><publishedDay>20</publishedDay><publishedMonth>8</publishedMonth><publishedYear>2021</publishedYear><publishedDate>2021-08-20</publishedDate><doi>10.1093/occmed/kqab108</doi><url/><notes/><college>COLLEGE NANME</college><department>Health Data Science</department><CollegeCode>COLLEGE CODE</CollegeCode><DepartmentCode>HDAT</DepartmentCode><institution>Swansea University</institution><apcterm>SU Library paid the OA fee (TA Institutional Deal)</apcterm><lastEdited>2021-09-20T12:15:49.3989484</lastEdited><Created>2021-07-10T19:43:45.5457970</Created><path><level id="1">Faculty of Medicine, Health and Life Sciences</level><level id="2">Swansea University Medical School - Medicine</level></path><authors><author><firstname>Stephen</firstname><surname>Roberts</surname><orcid>0000-0001-7981-520X</orcid><order>1</order></author><author><firstname>T</firstname><surname>Carter</surname><order>2</order></author><author><firstname>H D</firstname><surname>Smith</surname><order>3</order></author><author><firstname>Ann</firstname><surname>John</surname><orcid>0000-0002-5657-6995</orcid><order>4</order></author><author><firstname>John</firstname><surname>Williams</surname><order>5</order></author></authors><documents><document><filename>57295__20937__6735ce25c13a457380eb0790237cd236.pdf</filename><originalFilename>57295.pdf</originalFilename><uploaded>2021-09-20T12:14:11.5114616</uploaded><type>Output</type><contentLength>463627</contentLength><contentType>application/pdf</contentType><version>Version of Record</version><cronfaStatus>true</cronfaStatus><documentNotes>&#xA9; The Author(s) 2021. This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial License</documentNotes><copyrightCorrect>true</copyrightCorrect><language>eng</language><licence>http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/</licence></document></documents><OutputDurs/></rfc1807>
spelling 2021-09-20T12:15:49.3989484 v2 57295 2021-07-10 Forgotten fatalities: British military, mining and maritime accidents since 1900 cb60dd928f72fe7ea03595dab995f070 0000-0001-7981-520X Stephen Roberts Stephen Roberts true false ed8a9c37bd7b7235b762d941ef18ee55 0000-0002-5657-6995 Ann John Ann John true false 911a5c03419acf47eab0844e2cd5ab7f John Williams John Williams true false 2021-07-10 HDAT BackgroundComparative long-term trends in fatal accident rates in the UK’s most hazardous occupations have not been reported.AimsTo compare trends in fatal accident rates in six of the most hazardous occupations (the three armed forces, merchant shipping, sea fishing and coal mining) and the general British workforce during peacetime years since 1900.MethodsExaminations of annual mortality reports, returns, inquiry files and statistics. The main outcome measure was the fatal accident rate per 100 000 population employed.ResultsThese six occupations accounted for ~40% of all fatal accidents in the British workforce. Fatal accident rates were highest in merchant shipping to 1914 (400–600 per 100 000) and in the Royal Air Force and sea fishing by the early 1920s (around 300 per 100 000). Since the 1950s sea fishing has remained the most hazardous occupation (50–200). Widespread reductions in fatal accident rates for each occupation have been greatest in recent years in the three armed forces and merchant shipping. Compared with the general workforce, relative risks of fatalities have increased in recent decades in all these occupations except shipping.ConclusionsAll six occupations still have high fatal accident rates. The greatly increased fatalities in sea fishing generally and in the Royal Air Force during its early years reflect, for different reasons, cultures of extreme risk-taking in these two sectors. Reductions in fatality rates in the armed forces over the last 20 years are due largely to decreases in land transport accidents. Journal Article Occupational Medicine 71 Oxford University Press (OUP) 0962-7480 1471-8405 Accidents; army; injury; maritime; military; miners; naval; workplace hazards 20 8 2021 2021-08-20 10.1093/occmed/kqab108 COLLEGE NANME Health Data Science COLLEGE CODE HDAT Swansea University SU Library paid the OA fee (TA Institutional Deal) 2021-09-20T12:15:49.3989484 2021-07-10T19:43:45.5457970 Faculty of Medicine, Health and Life Sciences Swansea University Medical School - Medicine Stephen Roberts 0000-0001-7981-520X 1 T Carter 2 H D Smith 3 Ann John 0000-0002-5657-6995 4 John Williams 5 57295__20937__6735ce25c13a457380eb0790237cd236.pdf 57295.pdf 2021-09-20T12:14:11.5114616 Output 463627 application/pdf Version of Record true © The Author(s) 2021. This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial License true eng http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/
title Forgotten fatalities: British military, mining and maritime accidents since 1900
spellingShingle Forgotten fatalities: British military, mining and maritime accidents since 1900
Stephen Roberts
Ann John
John Williams
title_short Forgotten fatalities: British military, mining and maritime accidents since 1900
title_full Forgotten fatalities: British military, mining and maritime accidents since 1900
title_fullStr Forgotten fatalities: British military, mining and maritime accidents since 1900
title_full_unstemmed Forgotten fatalities: British military, mining and maritime accidents since 1900
title_sort Forgotten fatalities: British military, mining and maritime accidents since 1900
author_id_str_mv cb60dd928f72fe7ea03595dab995f070
ed8a9c37bd7b7235b762d941ef18ee55
911a5c03419acf47eab0844e2cd5ab7f
author_id_fullname_str_mv cb60dd928f72fe7ea03595dab995f070_***_Stephen Roberts
ed8a9c37bd7b7235b762d941ef18ee55_***_Ann John
911a5c03419acf47eab0844e2cd5ab7f_***_John Williams
author Stephen Roberts
Ann John
John Williams
author2 Stephen Roberts
T Carter
H D Smith
Ann John
John Williams
format Journal article
container_title Occupational Medicine
container_volume 71
publishDate 2021
institution Swansea University
issn 0962-7480
1471-8405
doi_str_mv 10.1093/occmed/kqab108
publisher Oxford University Press (OUP)
college_str Faculty of Medicine, Health and Life Sciences
hierarchytype
hierarchy_top_id facultyofmedicinehealthandlifesciences
hierarchy_top_title Faculty of Medicine, Health and Life Sciences
hierarchy_parent_id facultyofmedicinehealthandlifesciences
hierarchy_parent_title Faculty of Medicine, Health and Life Sciences
department_str Swansea University Medical School - Medicine{{{_:::_}}}Faculty of Medicine, Health and Life Sciences{{{_:::_}}}Swansea University Medical School - Medicine
document_store_str 1
active_str 0
description BackgroundComparative long-term trends in fatal accident rates in the UK’s most hazardous occupations have not been reported.AimsTo compare trends in fatal accident rates in six of the most hazardous occupations (the three armed forces, merchant shipping, sea fishing and coal mining) and the general British workforce during peacetime years since 1900.MethodsExaminations of annual mortality reports, returns, inquiry files and statistics. The main outcome measure was the fatal accident rate per 100 000 population employed.ResultsThese six occupations accounted for ~40% of all fatal accidents in the British workforce. Fatal accident rates were highest in merchant shipping to 1914 (400–600 per 100 000) and in the Royal Air Force and sea fishing by the early 1920s (around 300 per 100 000). Since the 1950s sea fishing has remained the most hazardous occupation (50–200). Widespread reductions in fatal accident rates for each occupation have been greatest in recent years in the three armed forces and merchant shipping. Compared with the general workforce, relative risks of fatalities have increased in recent decades in all these occupations except shipping.ConclusionsAll six occupations still have high fatal accident rates. The greatly increased fatalities in sea fishing generally and in the Royal Air Force during its early years reflect, for different reasons, cultures of extreme risk-taking in these two sectors. Reductions in fatality rates in the armed forces over the last 20 years are due largely to decreases in land transport accidents.
published_date 2021-08-20T04:12:55Z
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