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Interactions between the elements of an outcome in human associative learning.

Martyn Quigley, Mark Haselgrove

Journal of Experimental Psychology: Animal Learning and Cognition, Volume: 46, Issue: 3, Pages: 297 - 313

Swansea University Author: Martyn Quigley

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DOI (Published version): 10.1037/xan0000248

Abstract

When a cue is established as a reliable predictor of an outcome (A–O1), this cue will typically blocklearning between an additional cue and the same outcome if both cues are subsequently trained together(AB–O1). Three experiments sought to explore whether this effect extends to outcomes and wasinves...

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Published in: Journal of Experimental Psychology: Animal Learning and Cognition
ISSN: 2329-8456 2329-8464
Published: American Psychological Association (APA) 2020
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URI: https://cronfa.swan.ac.uk/Record/cronfa54549
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first_indexed 2020-06-25T19:06:48Z
last_indexed 2020-08-17T03:16:06Z
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spelling 2020-08-16T14:00:57.7177320 v2 54549 2020-06-25 Interactions between the elements of an outcome in human associative learning. 45ba0b00b12b2a4cd533dcd42f0121d9 Martyn Quigley Martyn Quigley true false 2020-06-25 HPS When a cue is established as a reliable predictor of an outcome (A–O1), this cue will typically blocklearning between an additional cue and the same outcome if both cues are subsequently trained together(AB–O1). Three experiments sought to explore whether this effect extends to outcomes and wasinvestigated using the food allergist paradigm in human participants. In all 3 experiments, an outcomefacilitation effect was observed. That is, prior learning about an element of an outcome compound(A–O1) facilitated learning about a novel outcome when (A–O2) these outcomes were presented together(A–O1 O2) relative to a control stimulus that first received C–O3 trials prior to C–O1 O2 trials. InExperiment 2, however, participants were also presented with an additional set of control trials, whichwere presented during Stage II only and reliably predicted the outcome compounds. At test, participantsdisplayed more learning about these additional control trials relative to the blocked outcomes, thusdisplaying an outcome blocking effect alongside an outcome facilitation effect. In Experiment 3, aone-trial outcome blocking procedure was used to distinguish theoretical accounts of these findings. Thisprocedure revealed an outcome facilitation effect but not an outcome blocking effect. These results canbe understood in terms of an account derived from Wagner’s (1981) model. The implications of thesefindings are discussed. Journal Article Journal of Experimental Psychology: Animal Learning and Cognition 46 3 297 313 American Psychological Association (APA) 2329-8456 2329-8464 1 7 2020 2020-07-01 10.1037/xan0000248 COLLEGE NANME Psychology COLLEGE CODE HPS Swansea University 2020-08-16T14:00:57.7177320 2020-06-25T14:48:17.3253242 Martyn Quigley 1 Mark Haselgrove 2 54549__17933__f18676d9141d4f1aa5c32931f6287c7b.pdf 54549.pdf 2020-08-16T13:57:08.2662472 Output 480136 application/pdf Accepted Manuscript true true eng 25 true true
title Interactions between the elements of an outcome in human associative learning.
spellingShingle Interactions between the elements of an outcome in human associative learning.
Martyn Quigley
title_short Interactions between the elements of an outcome in human associative learning.
title_full Interactions between the elements of an outcome in human associative learning.
title_fullStr Interactions between the elements of an outcome in human associative learning.
title_full_unstemmed Interactions between the elements of an outcome in human associative learning.
title_sort Interactions between the elements of an outcome in human associative learning.
author_id_str_mv 45ba0b00b12b2a4cd533dcd42f0121d9
author_id_fullname_str_mv 45ba0b00b12b2a4cd533dcd42f0121d9_***_Martyn Quigley
author Martyn Quigley
author2 Martyn Quigley
Mark Haselgrove
format Journal article
container_title Journal of Experimental Psychology: Animal Learning and Cognition
container_volume 46
container_issue 3
container_start_page 297
publishDate 2020
institution Swansea University
issn 2329-8456
2329-8464
doi_str_mv 10.1037/xan0000248
publisher American Psychological Association (APA)
document_store_str 1
active_str 0
description When a cue is established as a reliable predictor of an outcome (A–O1), this cue will typically blocklearning between an additional cue and the same outcome if both cues are subsequently trained together(AB–O1). Three experiments sought to explore whether this effect extends to outcomes and wasinvestigated using the food allergist paradigm in human participants. In all 3 experiments, an outcomefacilitation effect was observed. That is, prior learning about an element of an outcome compound(A–O1) facilitated learning about a novel outcome when (A–O2) these outcomes were presented together(A–O1 O2) relative to a control stimulus that first received C–O3 trials prior to C–O1 O2 trials. InExperiment 2, however, participants were also presented with an additional set of control trials, whichwere presented during Stage II only and reliably predicted the outcome compounds. At test, participantsdisplayed more learning about these additional control trials relative to the blocked outcomes, thusdisplaying an outcome blocking effect alongside an outcome facilitation effect. In Experiment 3, aone-trial outcome blocking procedure was used to distinguish theoretical accounts of these findings. Thisprocedure revealed an outcome facilitation effect but not an outcome blocking effect. These results canbe understood in terms of an account derived from Wagner’s (1981) model. The implications of thesefindings are discussed.
published_date 2020-07-01T04:08:09Z
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score 11.013148

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