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Youth motor competence promotion model: a quantitative investigation into modifiable factors

Richard Tyler, Kelly Mackintosh Orcid Logo, Lawrence Foweather, Lowri C. Edwards, Gareth Stratton Orcid Logo

Journal of Science and Medicine in Sport, Volume: 23, Issue: 10, Pages: 955 - 961

Swansea University Authors: Kelly Mackintosh Orcid Logo, Gareth Stratton Orcid Logo

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DOI (Published version): 10.1016/j.jsams.2020.04.008

Abstract

ObjectivesThis study aimed to quantify the relationships between enabling, predisposing and reinforcing ecological factors on motor competence and investigate potential sex, weight status, and school level differences.MethodsData were collected from 429 children (52% boys; aged 11.1 ± 0.6 years; 87%...

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Published in: Journal of Science and Medicine in Sport
ISSN: 1440-2440
Published: Elsevier BV 2020
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URI: https://cronfa.swan.ac.uk/Record/cronfa53904
first_indexed 2020-04-06T14:12:01Z
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Cardiorespiratory fitness (20 m Multistage Shuttle Run), muscular strength (Handgrip Strength) and online questionnaire (Child Health and Activity Tool; CHAT) data on moderate-to-vigorous physical activity, sport participation and available surrounding physical activity facilities were included as enabling variables. Three predisposing variables were determined from self-report data on benefits/barriers to exercise, adequacy, and predilection. Parental/guardian physical activity levels and persons whom participate in physical activity and sport with the participant (CHAT) were selected as reinforcing variables. Motor competence was determined from cumulative scores for Dragon Challenge tasks (Balance Bench, Core Agility, Wobble Spot, Overarm Throw, Basketball Dribble, Catch, Jumping Patterns, T-Agility, Sprint). Confirmatory Factor Analysis assessed the fit of measured variables into latent factors. Structural equation modelling evaluated relationships between these latent factors.ResultsMotor competence was directly affected by the enabling factor (&#x3B2; = 0.50,p &lt; 0.001) but indirectly affected by reinforcing and predisposing factors, mediated by the enabling factor (&#x3B2;=0.13, p = 0.014; &#x3B2;=0.25, p = 0.002). Multi-group comparisons showed that each of these effects did not differ by sex, weight status or school level (p &gt; 0.05).ConclusionsThis study demonstrated that enabling factors are crucial for the development of motor competence. This is the first study to quantify an ecological model with motor competence as the endogenous variable and is key to future interventions.</abstract><type>Journal Article</type><journal>Journal of Science and Medicine in Sport</journal><volume>23</volume><journalNumber>10</journalNumber><paginationStart>955</paginationStart><paginationEnd>961</paginationEnd><publisher>Elsevier BV</publisher><placeOfPublication/><isbnPrint/><isbnElectronic/><issnPrint>1440-2440</issnPrint><issnElectronic/><keywords>Motor competence, Children, Ecological Model, Enabling, Predisposing, Reinforcing</keywords><publishedDay>1</publishedDay><publishedMonth>10</publishedMonth><publishedYear>2020</publishedYear><publishedDate>2020-10-01</publishedDate><doi>10.1016/j.jsams.2020.04.008</doi><url>http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jsams.2020.04.008</url><notes/><college>COLLEGE NANME</college><department>Engineering and Applied Sciences School</department><CollegeCode>COLLEGE CODE</CollegeCode><DepartmentCode>EAAS</DepartmentCode><institution>Swansea University</institution><apcterm/><funders>This work was supported by postgraduate support from the Swansea University Scholarship Fund.</funders><projectreference/><lastEdited>2023-03-14T10:11:01.5730127</lastEdited><Created>2020-04-06T11:39:09.3717175</Created><path><level id="1">Faculty of Science and Engineering</level><level id="2">School of Engineering and Applied Sciences - Sport and Exercise Sciences</level></path><authors><author><firstname>Richard</firstname><surname>Tyler</surname><order>1</order></author><author><firstname>Kelly</firstname><surname>Mackintosh</surname><orcid>0000-0003-0355-6357</orcid><order>2</order></author><author><firstname>Lawrence</firstname><surname>Foweather</surname><order>3</order></author><author><firstname>Lowri C.</firstname><surname>Edwards</surname><order>4</order></author><author><firstname>Gareth</firstname><surname>Stratton</surname><orcid>0000-0001-5618-0803</orcid><order>5</order></author></authors><documents><document><filename>53904__17017__318a9af2571649229f15a9b4b57a8bf7.pdf</filename><originalFilename>53904.pdf</originalFilename><uploaded>2020-04-06T11:41:34.3300443</uploaded><type>Output</type><contentLength>555393</contentLength><contentType>application/pdf</contentType><version>Accepted Manuscript</version><cronfaStatus>true</cronfaStatus><embargoDate>2021-05-03T00:00:00.0000000</embargoDate><documentNotes>Released under the terms of a Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial No Derivatives License (CC-BY-NC-ND).</documentNotes><copyrightCorrect>true</copyrightCorrect><language>eng</language></document></documents><OutputDurs/></rfc1807>
spelling 2023-03-14T10:11:01.5730127 v2 53904 2020-04-06 Youth motor competence promotion model: a quantitative investigation into modifiable factors bdb20e3f31bcccf95c7bc116070c4214 0000-0003-0355-6357 Kelly Mackintosh Kelly Mackintosh true false 6d62b2ed126961bed81a94a2beba8a01 0000-0001-5618-0803 Gareth Stratton Gareth Stratton true false 2020-04-06 EAAS ObjectivesThis study aimed to quantify the relationships between enabling, predisposing and reinforcing ecological factors on motor competence and investigate potential sex, weight status, and school level differences.MethodsData were collected from 429 children (52% boys; aged 11.1 ± 0.6 years; 87% white British). Cardiorespiratory fitness (20 m Multistage Shuttle Run), muscular strength (Handgrip Strength) and online questionnaire (Child Health and Activity Tool; CHAT) data on moderate-to-vigorous physical activity, sport participation and available surrounding physical activity facilities were included as enabling variables. Three predisposing variables were determined from self-report data on benefits/barriers to exercise, adequacy, and predilection. Parental/guardian physical activity levels and persons whom participate in physical activity and sport with the participant (CHAT) were selected as reinforcing variables. Motor competence was determined from cumulative scores for Dragon Challenge tasks (Balance Bench, Core Agility, Wobble Spot, Overarm Throw, Basketball Dribble, Catch, Jumping Patterns, T-Agility, Sprint). Confirmatory Factor Analysis assessed the fit of measured variables into latent factors. Structural equation modelling evaluated relationships between these latent factors.ResultsMotor competence was directly affected by the enabling factor (β = 0.50,p < 0.001) but indirectly affected by reinforcing and predisposing factors, mediated by the enabling factor (β=0.13, p = 0.014; β=0.25, p = 0.002). Multi-group comparisons showed that each of these effects did not differ by sex, weight status or school level (p > 0.05).ConclusionsThis study demonstrated that enabling factors are crucial for the development of motor competence. This is the first study to quantify an ecological model with motor competence as the endogenous variable and is key to future interventions. Journal Article Journal of Science and Medicine in Sport 23 10 955 961 Elsevier BV 1440-2440 Motor competence, Children, Ecological Model, Enabling, Predisposing, Reinforcing 1 10 2020 2020-10-01 10.1016/j.jsams.2020.04.008 http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jsams.2020.04.008 COLLEGE NANME Engineering and Applied Sciences School COLLEGE CODE EAAS Swansea University This work was supported by postgraduate support from the Swansea University Scholarship Fund. 2023-03-14T10:11:01.5730127 2020-04-06T11:39:09.3717175 Faculty of Science and Engineering School of Engineering and Applied Sciences - Sport and Exercise Sciences Richard Tyler 1 Kelly Mackintosh 0000-0003-0355-6357 2 Lawrence Foweather 3 Lowri C. Edwards 4 Gareth Stratton 0000-0001-5618-0803 5 53904__17017__318a9af2571649229f15a9b4b57a8bf7.pdf 53904.pdf 2020-04-06T11:41:34.3300443 Output 555393 application/pdf Accepted Manuscript true 2021-05-03T00:00:00.0000000 Released under the terms of a Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial No Derivatives License (CC-BY-NC-ND). true eng
title Youth motor competence promotion model: a quantitative investigation into modifiable factors
spellingShingle Youth motor competence promotion model: a quantitative investigation into modifiable factors
Kelly Mackintosh
Gareth Stratton
title_short Youth motor competence promotion model: a quantitative investigation into modifiable factors
title_full Youth motor competence promotion model: a quantitative investigation into modifiable factors
title_fullStr Youth motor competence promotion model: a quantitative investigation into modifiable factors
title_full_unstemmed Youth motor competence promotion model: a quantitative investigation into modifiable factors
title_sort Youth motor competence promotion model: a quantitative investigation into modifiable factors
author_id_str_mv bdb20e3f31bcccf95c7bc116070c4214
6d62b2ed126961bed81a94a2beba8a01
author_id_fullname_str_mv bdb20e3f31bcccf95c7bc116070c4214_***_Kelly Mackintosh
6d62b2ed126961bed81a94a2beba8a01_***_Gareth Stratton
author Kelly Mackintosh
Gareth Stratton
author2 Richard Tyler
Kelly Mackintosh
Lawrence Foweather
Lowri C. Edwards
Gareth Stratton
format Journal article
container_title Journal of Science and Medicine in Sport
container_volume 23
container_issue 10
container_start_page 955
publishDate 2020
institution Swansea University
issn 1440-2440
doi_str_mv 10.1016/j.jsams.2020.04.008
publisher Elsevier BV
college_str Faculty of Science and Engineering
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hierarchy_top_id facultyofscienceandengineering
hierarchy_top_title Faculty of Science and Engineering
hierarchy_parent_id facultyofscienceandengineering
hierarchy_parent_title Faculty of Science and Engineering
department_str School of Engineering and Applied Sciences - Sport and Exercise Sciences{{{_:::_}}}Faculty of Science and Engineering{{{_:::_}}}School of Engineering and Applied Sciences - Sport and Exercise Sciences
url http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jsams.2020.04.008
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description ObjectivesThis study aimed to quantify the relationships between enabling, predisposing and reinforcing ecological factors on motor competence and investigate potential sex, weight status, and school level differences.MethodsData were collected from 429 children (52% boys; aged 11.1 ± 0.6 years; 87% white British). Cardiorespiratory fitness (20 m Multistage Shuttle Run), muscular strength (Handgrip Strength) and online questionnaire (Child Health and Activity Tool; CHAT) data on moderate-to-vigorous physical activity, sport participation and available surrounding physical activity facilities were included as enabling variables. Three predisposing variables were determined from self-report data on benefits/barriers to exercise, adequacy, and predilection. Parental/guardian physical activity levels and persons whom participate in physical activity and sport with the participant (CHAT) were selected as reinforcing variables. Motor competence was determined from cumulative scores for Dragon Challenge tasks (Balance Bench, Core Agility, Wobble Spot, Overarm Throw, Basketball Dribble, Catch, Jumping Patterns, T-Agility, Sprint). Confirmatory Factor Analysis assessed the fit of measured variables into latent factors. Structural equation modelling evaluated relationships between these latent factors.ResultsMotor competence was directly affected by the enabling factor (β = 0.50,p < 0.001) but indirectly affected by reinforcing and predisposing factors, mediated by the enabling factor (β=0.13, p = 0.014; β=0.25, p = 0.002). Multi-group comparisons showed that each of these effects did not differ by sex, weight status or school level (p > 0.05).ConclusionsThis study demonstrated that enabling factors are crucial for the development of motor competence. This is the first study to quantify an ecological model with motor competence as the endogenous variable and is key to future interventions.
published_date 2020-10-01T19:53:09Z
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