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Controls on jökulhlaup-transported buried ice melt-out at Skeiðarársandur, Iceland: Implications for the evolution of ice-marginal environments

David J. Blauvelt, Andrew J. Russell, Andrew R.G. Large, Fiona S. Tweed, John Hiemstra Orcid Logo, Bernd Kulessa Orcid Logo, David J.A. Evans, Richard I. Waller

Geomorphology, Volume: 360, Start page: 107164

Swansea University Authors: John Hiemstra Orcid Logo, Bernd Kulessa Orcid Logo

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DOI (Published version): 10.1016/j.geomorph.2020.107164

Abstract

High-magnitude jökulhlaups, glacier margin position and ice-thickness have been identified as key controls on sandur evolution. Existing models however have focused primarily on observations made during short windows of time and often do not account for the subsequent modification of proglacial land...

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Published in: Geomorphology
ISSN: 0169-555X
Published: Elsevier BV 2020
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URI: https://cronfa.swan.ac.uk/Record/cronfa53839
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Existing models however have focused primarily on observations made during short windows of time and often do not account for the subsequent modification of proglacial landsystems by repeated j&#xF6;kulhlaups or post-depositional modification due to melt out over decadal time-scales. Digital Elevation Models (DEMs) were used to reconstruct the development of large depressions on Skei&#xF0;ar&#xE1;rsandur, an outwash plain in southeast Iceland. These depressions measure up to 1 km in width and up to 13 m in depth and are associated with ice bodies up to 1 km in length and up to 150 m in height emplaced during a high-magnitude j&#xF6;kulhlaup in 1904 and subsequently buried by j&#xF6;kulhlaups in 1913 and 1922. The continued melting of the Har&#xF0;askri&#xF0;a ice bodies over a century following their emplacement, together with subsequent repeated burial, by high-magnitude j&#xF6;kulhlaups demonstrates that j&#xF6;kulhlaups may continue to serve as important controls on sandur evolution on a decadal to centenial timescale (101 &#x2013; 102 years). The Har&#xF0;askri&#xF0;a depressions developed only following the retreat of the glacier margin after 1945, which highlights the controls of margin position on the evolution of the sandur. Margin position and thickness of the glacier profile was seen to affect not only the distribution and thickness of sediment emplaced during j&#xF6;kulhaups but also the rate and pattern of melt in the decades following the decoupling of the margin from the sandur. The j&#xF6;kulhlaup landsystem model signatures identified at this site may provide a useful analogue for interpreting landforms and strata emplaced by glacier margin fluctuations, j&#xF6;kulhlaups and melt out generated by retreating continental Pleistocene ice sheets.</abstract><type>Journal Article</type><journal>Geomorphology</journal><volume>360</volume><journalNumber/><paginationStart>107164</paginationStart><paginationEnd/><publisher>Elsevier BV</publisher><placeOfPublication/><isbnPrint/><isbnElectronic/><issnPrint>0169-555X</issnPrint><issnElectronic/><keywords>J&#xF6;kulhlaup; Buried ice melt-out; Skei&#xF0;ar&#xE1;rsandur Iceland; Icemarginal environments</keywords><publishedDay>1</publishedDay><publishedMonth>7</publishedMonth><publishedYear>2020</publishedYear><publishedDate>2020-07-01</publishedDate><doi>10.1016/j.geomorph.2020.107164</doi><url/><notes/><college>COLLEGE NANME</college><department>Geography</department><CollegeCode>COLLEGE CODE</CollegeCode><DepartmentCode>SGE</DepartmentCode><institution>Swansea University</institution><apcterm/><lastEdited>2021-12-01T11:42:10.1107201</lastEdited><Created>2020-03-19T15:54:30.3386126</Created><path><level id="1">Faculty of Science and Engineering</level><level id="2">School of Biosciences, Geography and Physics - Geography</level></path><authors><author><firstname>David J.</firstname><surname>Blauvelt</surname><order>1</order></author><author><firstname>Andrew J.</firstname><surname>Russell</surname><order>2</order></author><author><firstname>Andrew R.G.</firstname><surname>Large</surname><order>3</order></author><author><firstname>Fiona S.</firstname><surname>Tweed</surname><order>4</order></author><author><firstname>John</firstname><surname>Hiemstra</surname><orcid>0000-0003-3148-0206</orcid><order>5</order></author><author><firstname>Bernd</firstname><surname>Kulessa</surname><orcid>0000-0002-4830-4949</orcid><order>6</order></author><author><firstname>David J.A.</firstname><surname>Evans</surname><order>7</order></author><author><firstname>Richard I.</firstname><surname>Waller</surname><order>8</order></author></authors><documents><document><filename>53839__17002__17c585385fe5488490d499a628ebb3ee.pdf</filename><originalFilename>53839VOR.pdf</originalFilename><uploaded>2020-04-03T11:25:31.3787015</uploaded><type>Output</type><contentLength>8537413</contentLength><contentType>application/pdf</contentType><version>Version of Record</version><cronfaStatus>true</cronfaStatus><documentNotes>Released under the terms of a Creative Commons License (CC-BY).</documentNotes><copyrightCorrect>true</copyrightCorrect><language>eng</language><licence>https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/</licence></document></documents><OutputDurs/></rfc1807>
spelling 2021-12-01T11:42:10.1107201 v2 53839 2020-03-19 Controls on jökulhlaup-transported buried ice melt-out at Skeiðarársandur, Iceland: Implications for the evolution of ice-marginal environments fa99fa6ac238739f5e92fd88069c4036 0000-0003-3148-0206 John Hiemstra John Hiemstra true false 52acda616e9f6073cbebf497def874c9 0000-0002-4830-4949 Bernd Kulessa Bernd Kulessa true false 2020-03-19 SGE High-magnitude jökulhlaups, glacier margin position and ice-thickness have been identified as key controls on sandur evolution. Existing models however have focused primarily on observations made during short windows of time and often do not account for the subsequent modification of proglacial landsystems by repeated jökulhlaups or post-depositional modification due to melt out over decadal time-scales. Digital Elevation Models (DEMs) were used to reconstruct the development of large depressions on Skeiðarársandur, an outwash plain in southeast Iceland. These depressions measure up to 1 km in width and up to 13 m in depth and are associated with ice bodies up to 1 km in length and up to 150 m in height emplaced during a high-magnitude jökulhlaup in 1904 and subsequently buried by jökulhlaups in 1913 and 1922. The continued melting of the Harðaskriða ice bodies over a century following their emplacement, together with subsequent repeated burial, by high-magnitude jökulhlaups demonstrates that jökulhlaups may continue to serve as important controls on sandur evolution on a decadal to centenial timescale (101 – 102 years). The Harðaskriða depressions developed only following the retreat of the glacier margin after 1945, which highlights the controls of margin position on the evolution of the sandur. Margin position and thickness of the glacier profile was seen to affect not only the distribution and thickness of sediment emplaced during jökulhaups but also the rate and pattern of melt in the decades following the decoupling of the margin from the sandur. The jökulhlaup landsystem model signatures identified at this site may provide a useful analogue for interpreting landforms and strata emplaced by glacier margin fluctuations, jökulhlaups and melt out generated by retreating continental Pleistocene ice sheets. Journal Article Geomorphology 360 107164 Elsevier BV 0169-555X Jökulhlaup; Buried ice melt-out; Skeiðarársandur Iceland; Icemarginal environments 1 7 2020 2020-07-01 10.1016/j.geomorph.2020.107164 COLLEGE NANME Geography COLLEGE CODE SGE Swansea University 2021-12-01T11:42:10.1107201 2020-03-19T15:54:30.3386126 Faculty of Science and Engineering School of Biosciences, Geography and Physics - Geography David J. Blauvelt 1 Andrew J. Russell 2 Andrew R.G. Large 3 Fiona S. Tweed 4 John Hiemstra 0000-0003-3148-0206 5 Bernd Kulessa 0000-0002-4830-4949 6 David J.A. Evans 7 Richard I. Waller 8 53839__17002__17c585385fe5488490d499a628ebb3ee.pdf 53839VOR.pdf 2020-04-03T11:25:31.3787015 Output 8537413 application/pdf Version of Record true Released under the terms of a Creative Commons License (CC-BY). true eng https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
title Controls on jökulhlaup-transported buried ice melt-out at Skeiðarársandur, Iceland: Implications for the evolution of ice-marginal environments
spellingShingle Controls on jökulhlaup-transported buried ice melt-out at Skeiðarársandur, Iceland: Implications for the evolution of ice-marginal environments
John Hiemstra
Bernd Kulessa
title_short Controls on jökulhlaup-transported buried ice melt-out at Skeiðarársandur, Iceland: Implications for the evolution of ice-marginal environments
title_full Controls on jökulhlaup-transported buried ice melt-out at Skeiðarársandur, Iceland: Implications for the evolution of ice-marginal environments
title_fullStr Controls on jökulhlaup-transported buried ice melt-out at Skeiðarársandur, Iceland: Implications for the evolution of ice-marginal environments
title_full_unstemmed Controls on jökulhlaup-transported buried ice melt-out at Skeiðarársandur, Iceland: Implications for the evolution of ice-marginal environments
title_sort Controls on jökulhlaup-transported buried ice melt-out at Skeiðarársandur, Iceland: Implications for the evolution of ice-marginal environments
author_id_str_mv fa99fa6ac238739f5e92fd88069c4036
52acda616e9f6073cbebf497def874c9
author_id_fullname_str_mv fa99fa6ac238739f5e92fd88069c4036_***_John Hiemstra
52acda616e9f6073cbebf497def874c9_***_Bernd Kulessa
author John Hiemstra
Bernd Kulessa
author2 David J. Blauvelt
Andrew J. Russell
Andrew R.G. Large
Fiona S. Tweed
John Hiemstra
Bernd Kulessa
David J.A. Evans
Richard I. Waller
format Journal article
container_title Geomorphology
container_volume 360
container_start_page 107164
publishDate 2020
institution Swansea University
issn 0169-555X
doi_str_mv 10.1016/j.geomorph.2020.107164
publisher Elsevier BV
college_str Faculty of Science and Engineering
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hierarchy_top_title Faculty of Science and Engineering
hierarchy_parent_id facultyofscienceandengineering
hierarchy_parent_title Faculty of Science and Engineering
department_str School of Biosciences, Geography and Physics - Geography{{{_:::_}}}Faculty of Science and Engineering{{{_:::_}}}School of Biosciences, Geography and Physics - Geography
document_store_str 1
active_str 0
description High-magnitude jökulhlaups, glacier margin position and ice-thickness have been identified as key controls on sandur evolution. Existing models however have focused primarily on observations made during short windows of time and often do not account for the subsequent modification of proglacial landsystems by repeated jökulhlaups or post-depositional modification due to melt out over decadal time-scales. Digital Elevation Models (DEMs) were used to reconstruct the development of large depressions on Skeiðarársandur, an outwash plain in southeast Iceland. These depressions measure up to 1 km in width and up to 13 m in depth and are associated with ice bodies up to 1 km in length and up to 150 m in height emplaced during a high-magnitude jökulhlaup in 1904 and subsequently buried by jökulhlaups in 1913 and 1922. The continued melting of the Harðaskriða ice bodies over a century following their emplacement, together with subsequent repeated burial, by high-magnitude jökulhlaups demonstrates that jökulhlaups may continue to serve as important controls on sandur evolution on a decadal to centenial timescale (101 – 102 years). The Harðaskriða depressions developed only following the retreat of the glacier margin after 1945, which highlights the controls of margin position on the evolution of the sandur. Margin position and thickness of the glacier profile was seen to affect not only the distribution and thickness of sediment emplaced during jökulhaups but also the rate and pattern of melt in the decades following the decoupling of the margin from the sandur. The jökulhlaup landsystem model signatures identified at this site may provide a useful analogue for interpreting landforms and strata emplaced by glacier margin fluctuations, jökulhlaups and melt out generated by retreating continental Pleistocene ice sheets.
published_date 2020-07-01T04:07:00Z
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