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Detection of trace sub-micron (nano) plastics in water samples using pyrolysis-gas chromatography time of flight mass spectrometry (PY-GCToF).

G.L. Sullivan, J. Delgado Gallardo, Eurig Jones, Peter Holliman Orcid Logo, Trystan Watson Orcid Logo, Sarper Sarp Orcid Logo

Chemosphere, Volume: 249, Start page: 126179

Swansea University Authors: Eurig Jones, Peter Holliman Orcid Logo, Trystan Watson Orcid Logo, Sarper Sarp Orcid Logo

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DOI (Published version): 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2020.126179

Abstract

The identification and quantification of micro and nanoplastics (MPs and NPs respectively) requires the development of standardised analytical methods. Thermal analysis methods are generally not considered a method of choice for MPs analysis, especially in aqueous samples due to limited sample size...

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Published in: Chemosphere
ISSN: 0045-6535
Published: Elsevier BV 2020
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URI: https://cronfa.swan.ac.uk/Record/cronfa53513
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Thermal analysis methods are generally not considered a method of choice for MPs analysis, especially in aqueous samples due to limited sample size introduction to the instrument, decreasing the detection levels. In this article, pyrolysis - Gas chromatography time of flight mass spectrometry (Py-GCToF) is used as a method of choice for detection of MPs and NPs due to its unprecedented detection capabilities, in combination with PTFE membranes as sample support, allow for smaller particle sizes (&gt;0.1&#x202F;&#x3BC;m) in water samples to be identified. The utilisation of these widely used membranes and the identification of several and specific (marker) ions for the three plastics in study (polypropylene (PP), polystyrene (PS) and polyvinyl chloride (PVC)), allows for the extraction of individual plastics from complex signals at trace levels. The method was validated against a number of standards, containing known quantities of MPs. Detection levels were then determined for PVC and PS and were found to be below &lt;50 &#x3BC;g/L, with repeatable data showing good precision (%RSD &lt;20%). Further verification of this new method was achieved by the analysis of a complex sample, sourced from a river. The results were positive for the presence of PS with a semi-quantifiable result of 241.8&#x202F;&#x3BC;g/L. Therefore PY-GCToF seems to be a fit for purpose method for the identification of MPs and NPs from complex mixtures and matrices which have been deposited on PTFE membranes.</abstract><type>Journal Article</type><journal>Chemosphere</journal><volume>249</volume><journalNumber/><paginationStart>126179</paginationStart><paginationEnd/><publisher>Elsevier BV</publisher><placeOfPublication/><isbnPrint/><isbnElectronic/><issnPrint>0045-6535</issnPrint><issnElectronic/><keywords>Microplastics, Nanoplastics, Pyrolysis, Time of flight mass spectrometry, Micropollutants, Water quality</keywords><publishedDay>1</publishedDay><publishedMonth>6</publishedMonth><publishedYear>2020</publishedYear><publishedDate>2020-06-01</publishedDate><doi>10.1016/j.chemosphere.2020.126179</doi><url/><notes/><college>COLLEGE NANME</college><department>Materials Science and Engineering</department><CollegeCode>COLLEGE CODE</CollegeCode><DepartmentCode>MTLS</DepartmentCode><institution>Swansea University</institution><apcterm/><lastEdited>2021-12-02T09:09:47.1704676</lastEdited><Created>2020-02-13T12:25:41.7427589</Created><path><level id="1">Faculty of Science and Engineering</level><level id="2">School of Engineering and Applied Sciences - Materials Science and Engineering</level></path><authors><author><firstname>G.L.</firstname><surname>Sullivan</surname><order>1</order></author><author><firstname>J. 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spelling 2021-12-02T09:09:47.1704676 v2 53513 2020-02-13 Detection of trace sub-micron (nano) plastics in water samples using pyrolysis-gas chromatography time of flight mass spectrometry (PY-GCToF). c6d92fb58a378914f3fdff316a9b4b29 Eurig Jones Eurig Jones true false c8f52394d776279c9c690dc26066ddf9 0000-0002-9911-8513 Peter Holliman Peter Holliman true false a210327b52472cfe8df9b8108d661457 0000-0002-8015-1436 Trystan Watson Trystan Watson true false ca341f0a3e516f888e12d2710d06e043 0000-0003-3866-1026 Sarper Sarp Sarper Sarp true false 2020-02-13 MTLS The identification and quantification of micro and nanoplastics (MPs and NPs respectively) requires the development of standardised analytical methods. Thermal analysis methods are generally not considered a method of choice for MPs analysis, especially in aqueous samples due to limited sample size introduction to the instrument, decreasing the detection levels. In this article, pyrolysis - Gas chromatography time of flight mass spectrometry (Py-GCToF) is used as a method of choice for detection of MPs and NPs due to its unprecedented detection capabilities, in combination with PTFE membranes as sample support, allow for smaller particle sizes (>0.1 μm) in water samples to be identified. The utilisation of these widely used membranes and the identification of several and specific (marker) ions for the three plastics in study (polypropylene (PP), polystyrene (PS) and polyvinyl chloride (PVC)), allows for the extraction of individual plastics from complex signals at trace levels. The method was validated against a number of standards, containing known quantities of MPs. Detection levels were then determined for PVC and PS and were found to be below <50 μg/L, with repeatable data showing good precision (%RSD <20%). Further verification of this new method was achieved by the analysis of a complex sample, sourced from a river. The results were positive for the presence of PS with a semi-quantifiable result of 241.8 μg/L. Therefore PY-GCToF seems to be a fit for purpose method for the identification of MPs and NPs from complex mixtures and matrices which have been deposited on PTFE membranes. Journal Article Chemosphere 249 126179 Elsevier BV 0045-6535 Microplastics, Nanoplastics, Pyrolysis, Time of flight mass spectrometry, Micropollutants, Water quality 1 6 2020 2020-06-01 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2020.126179 COLLEGE NANME Materials Science and Engineering COLLEGE CODE MTLS Swansea University 2021-12-02T09:09:47.1704676 2020-02-13T12:25:41.7427589 Faculty of Science and Engineering School of Engineering and Applied Sciences - Materials Science and Engineering G.L. Sullivan 1 J. Delgado Gallardo 2 Eurig Jones 3 Peter Holliman 0000-0002-9911-8513 4 Trystan Watson 0000-0002-8015-1436 5 Sarper Sarp 0000-0003-3866-1026 6 53513__16627__d3be70852b754b7190811efed01c50d4.pdf sullivan2020.pdf 2020-02-19T15:01:59.1070441 Output 3511066 application/pdf Accepted Manuscript true 2021-02-11T00:00:00.0000000 Released under the terms of a Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial No Derivatives License (CC-BY-NC-ND). true eng http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/
title Detection of trace sub-micron (nano) plastics in water samples using pyrolysis-gas chromatography time of flight mass spectrometry (PY-GCToF).
spellingShingle Detection of trace sub-micron (nano) plastics in water samples using pyrolysis-gas chromatography time of flight mass spectrometry (PY-GCToF).
Eurig Jones
Peter Holliman
Trystan Watson
Sarper Sarp
title_short Detection of trace sub-micron (nano) plastics in water samples using pyrolysis-gas chromatography time of flight mass spectrometry (PY-GCToF).
title_full Detection of trace sub-micron (nano) plastics in water samples using pyrolysis-gas chromatography time of flight mass spectrometry (PY-GCToF).
title_fullStr Detection of trace sub-micron (nano) plastics in water samples using pyrolysis-gas chromatography time of flight mass spectrometry (PY-GCToF).
title_full_unstemmed Detection of trace sub-micron (nano) plastics in water samples using pyrolysis-gas chromatography time of flight mass spectrometry (PY-GCToF).
title_sort Detection of trace sub-micron (nano) plastics in water samples using pyrolysis-gas chromatography time of flight mass spectrometry (PY-GCToF).
author_id_str_mv c6d92fb58a378914f3fdff316a9b4b29
c8f52394d776279c9c690dc26066ddf9
a210327b52472cfe8df9b8108d661457
ca341f0a3e516f888e12d2710d06e043
author_id_fullname_str_mv c6d92fb58a378914f3fdff316a9b4b29_***_Eurig Jones
c8f52394d776279c9c690dc26066ddf9_***_Peter Holliman
a210327b52472cfe8df9b8108d661457_***_Trystan Watson
ca341f0a3e516f888e12d2710d06e043_***_Sarper Sarp
author Eurig Jones
Peter Holliman
Trystan Watson
Sarper Sarp
author2 G.L. Sullivan
J. Delgado Gallardo
Eurig Jones
Peter Holliman
Trystan Watson
Sarper Sarp
format Journal article
container_title Chemosphere
container_volume 249
container_start_page 126179
publishDate 2020
institution Swansea University
issn 0045-6535
doi_str_mv 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2020.126179
publisher Elsevier BV
college_str Faculty of Science and Engineering
hierarchytype
hierarchy_top_id facultyofscienceandengineering
hierarchy_top_title Faculty of Science and Engineering
hierarchy_parent_id facultyofscienceandengineering
hierarchy_parent_title Faculty of Science and Engineering
department_str School of Engineering and Applied Sciences - Materials Science and Engineering{{{_:::_}}}Faculty of Science and Engineering{{{_:::_}}}School of Engineering and Applied Sciences - Materials Science and Engineering
document_store_str 1
active_str 0
description The identification and quantification of micro and nanoplastics (MPs and NPs respectively) requires the development of standardised analytical methods. Thermal analysis methods are generally not considered a method of choice for MPs analysis, especially in aqueous samples due to limited sample size introduction to the instrument, decreasing the detection levels. In this article, pyrolysis - Gas chromatography time of flight mass spectrometry (Py-GCToF) is used as a method of choice for detection of MPs and NPs due to its unprecedented detection capabilities, in combination with PTFE membranes as sample support, allow for smaller particle sizes (>0.1 μm) in water samples to be identified. The utilisation of these widely used membranes and the identification of several and specific (marker) ions for the three plastics in study (polypropylene (PP), polystyrene (PS) and polyvinyl chloride (PVC)), allows for the extraction of individual plastics from complex signals at trace levels. The method was validated against a number of standards, containing known quantities of MPs. Detection levels were then determined for PVC and PS and were found to be below <50 μg/L, with repeatable data showing good precision (%RSD <20%). Further verification of this new method was achieved by the analysis of a complex sample, sourced from a river. The results were positive for the presence of PS with a semi-quantifiable result of 241.8 μg/L. Therefore PY-GCToF seems to be a fit for purpose method for the identification of MPs and NPs from complex mixtures and matrices which have been deposited on PTFE membranes.
published_date 2020-06-01T04:06:29Z
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