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Experimental study on vegetation flexibility as control parameter for wave damping and velocity structure

Thomas van Veelen, Tom Fairchild Orcid Logo, Dominic Reeve Orcid Logo, Harshinie Karunarathna Orcid Logo

Coastal Engineering, Volume: 157, Start page: 103648

Swansea University Authors: Thomas van Veelen, Tom Fairchild Orcid Logo, Dominic Reeve Orcid Logo, Harshinie Karunarathna Orcid Logo

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DOI (Published version): 10.1016/j.coastaleng.2020.103648

Abstract

Vegetation can contribute to coastal defence by damping incoming waves. However, prior studies have shown that attenuation varies greatly among plant species. Plant flexibility is a mechanical property that is commonly omitted, but varies greatly between shrubs and grasses on salt marshes. Therefore...

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Published in: Coastal Engineering
ISSN: 0378-3839
Published: Elsevier BV 2020
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URI: https://cronfa.swan.ac.uk/Record/cronfa53312
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spelling 2020-10-22T13:09:29.1040368 v2 53312 2020-01-20 Experimental study on vegetation flexibility as control parameter for wave damping and velocity structure 8e00d06f3ebcb6f6700e306bd62623ac Thomas van Veelen Thomas van Veelen true false 029ccd52181e00b3711e9234a8d200b7 0000-0001-7133-8824 Tom Fairchild Tom Fairchild true false 3e76fcc2bb3cde4ddee2c8edfd2f0082 0000-0003-1293-4743 Dominic Reeve Dominic Reeve true false 0d3d327a240d49b53c78e02b7c00e625 0000-0002-9087-3811 Harshinie Karunarathna Harshinie Karunarathna true false 2020-01-20 FGSEN Vegetation can contribute to coastal defence by damping incoming waves. However, prior studies have shown that attenuation varies greatly among plant species. Plant flexibility is a mechanical property that is commonly omitted, but varies greatly between shrubs and grasses on salt marshes. Therefore, we present an experimental study in a laboratory wave flume with artificial vegetation that differs in flexibility only. We measured wave attenuation and water particle velocities around rigid and flexible salt marsh vegetation. Waves were measured using a series of gauges and Particle Image Velocimetry (PIV) was used to measure spatio-temporal variations of water particle velocities in the - plane around the vegetation. Our results show that flexible vegetation attenuates waves up to 70% less than rigid vegetation due to swaying of flexible plants. Furthermore, we find that rigid vegetation modifies the velocity structure, whereas flexible vegetation does not. Specifically, a mean current in the direction of wave propagation develops around the canopy and the horizontal particle velocities are amplified directly above the canopy. These results indicate that plant flexibility is a key parameter in the wave-vegetation interaction that controls wave damping and the velocity structure. Journal Article Coastal Engineering 157 103648 Elsevier BV 0378-3839 Salt marsh vegetation; Wave damping; Plant flexibility; PIV-Measurements; Flow velocities 1 4 2020 2020-04-01 10.1016/j.coastaleng.2020.103648 COLLEGE NANME Science and Engineering - Faculty COLLEGE CODE FGSEN Swansea University UKRI, NE/N013573/1 2020-10-22T13:09:29.1040368 2020-01-20T14:04:24.4482878 Faculty of Science and Engineering School of Aerospace, Civil, Electrical, General and Mechanical Engineering - Civil Engineering Thomas van Veelen 1 Tom Fairchild 0000-0001-7133-8824 2 Dominic Reeve 0000-0003-1293-4743 3 Harshinie Karunarathna 0000-0002-9087-3811 4 53312__16524__881fa2e3be354f6383d822d66b3b232a.pdf 53312.pdf 2020-02-04T11:49:13.0672839 Output 3110152 application/pdf Version of Record true Released under the terms of a Creative Commons Attribution License (CC-BY) true eng https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
title Experimental study on vegetation flexibility as control parameter for wave damping and velocity structure
spellingShingle Experimental study on vegetation flexibility as control parameter for wave damping and velocity structure
Thomas van Veelen
Tom Fairchild
Dominic Reeve
Harshinie Karunarathna
title_short Experimental study on vegetation flexibility as control parameter for wave damping and velocity structure
title_full Experimental study on vegetation flexibility as control parameter for wave damping and velocity structure
title_fullStr Experimental study on vegetation flexibility as control parameter for wave damping and velocity structure
title_full_unstemmed Experimental study on vegetation flexibility as control parameter for wave damping and velocity structure
title_sort Experimental study on vegetation flexibility as control parameter for wave damping and velocity structure
author_id_str_mv 8e00d06f3ebcb6f6700e306bd62623ac
029ccd52181e00b3711e9234a8d200b7
3e76fcc2bb3cde4ddee2c8edfd2f0082
0d3d327a240d49b53c78e02b7c00e625
author_id_fullname_str_mv 8e00d06f3ebcb6f6700e306bd62623ac_***_Thomas van Veelen
029ccd52181e00b3711e9234a8d200b7_***_Tom Fairchild
3e76fcc2bb3cde4ddee2c8edfd2f0082_***_Dominic Reeve
0d3d327a240d49b53c78e02b7c00e625_***_Harshinie Karunarathna
author Thomas van Veelen
Tom Fairchild
Dominic Reeve
Harshinie Karunarathna
author2 Thomas van Veelen
Tom Fairchild
Dominic Reeve
Harshinie Karunarathna
format Journal article
container_title Coastal Engineering
container_volume 157
container_start_page 103648
publishDate 2020
institution Swansea University
issn 0378-3839
doi_str_mv 10.1016/j.coastaleng.2020.103648
publisher Elsevier BV
college_str Faculty of Science and Engineering
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hierarchy_top_id facultyofscienceandengineering
hierarchy_top_title Faculty of Science and Engineering
hierarchy_parent_id facultyofscienceandengineering
hierarchy_parent_title Faculty of Science and Engineering
department_str School of Aerospace, Civil, Electrical, General and Mechanical Engineering - Civil Engineering{{{_:::_}}}Faculty of Science and Engineering{{{_:::_}}}School of Aerospace, Civil, Electrical, General and Mechanical Engineering - Civil Engineering
document_store_str 1
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description Vegetation can contribute to coastal defence by damping incoming waves. However, prior studies have shown that attenuation varies greatly among plant species. Plant flexibility is a mechanical property that is commonly omitted, but varies greatly between shrubs and grasses on salt marshes. Therefore, we present an experimental study in a laboratory wave flume with artificial vegetation that differs in flexibility only. We measured wave attenuation and water particle velocities around rigid and flexible salt marsh vegetation. Waves were measured using a series of gauges and Particle Image Velocimetry (PIV) was used to measure spatio-temporal variations of water particle velocities in the - plane around the vegetation. Our results show that flexible vegetation attenuates waves up to 70% less than rigid vegetation due to swaying of flexible plants. Furthermore, we find that rigid vegetation modifies the velocity structure, whereas flexible vegetation does not. Specifically, a mean current in the direction of wave propagation develops around the canopy and the horizontal particle velocities are amplified directly above the canopy. These results indicate that plant flexibility is a key parameter in the wave-vegetation interaction that controls wave damping and the velocity structure.
published_date 2020-04-01T04:06:12Z
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score 11.013776

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