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Addition of Graphite Filler to Enhance Electrical, Morphological, Thermal, and Mechanical Properties in Poly (Ethylene Terephthalate): Experimental Characterization and Material Modeling

Basheer A. Alshammari , Fahad S. Al-Mubaddel, Mohammad Rezaul Karim , Mokarram Hossain Orcid Logo, Abdullah S. Al-Mutairi, Arthur Wilkinson

Polymers, Volume: 11, Issue: 9, Start page: 1141

Swansea University Author: Mokarram Hossain Orcid Logo

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DOI (Published version): 10.3390/polym11091411

Abstract

Poly(ethylene terephthalate)/graphite (PET/G) micro-composites were fabricated by the melt compounding method using a minilab extruder. The carbon fillers were found to act as nucleating agents for the PET matrix and hence accelerated crystallization and increased the degree of crystallinity. TGA sh...

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Published in: Polymers
ISSN: 2073-4360
Published: Basel MDPI 2019
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URI: https://cronfa.swan.ac.uk/Record/cronfa51611
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spelling 2019-08-29T11:12:31.4087616 v2 51611 2019-08-28 Addition of Graphite Filler to Enhance Electrical, Morphological, Thermal, and Mechanical Properties in Poly (Ethylene Terephthalate): Experimental Characterization and Material Modeling 140f4aa5c5ec18ec173c8542a7fddafd 0000-0002-4616-1104 Mokarram Hossain Mokarram Hossain true false 2019-08-28 GENG Poly(ethylene terephthalate)/graphite (PET/G) micro-composites were fabricated by the melt compounding method using a minilab extruder. The carbon fillers were found to act as nucleating agents for the PET matrix and hence accelerated crystallization and increased the degree of crystallinity. TGA showed that carbon fillers improved the resistance to thermal and thermo-oxidative degradation under both air and nitrogen atmospheres. However, a poor agreement was observed at higher loadings of the filler where the composites displayed reduced reinforcement efficiency. The results demonstrate that the addition of graphite at loading >14.5 wt.% made electrically conductive composites. It was calculated that the electric conductivities of PET/graphite micro-composites were enhanced, above the percolation threshold values by two orders of magnitudes compared to the PET matrix. The minimum value of conductivity required to avoid electrostatic charge application of an insulating polymer was achieved, just above the threshold values. The addition of graphite also improved thermal stability of PET, accelerated its crystallization process and increased the degree of crystallinity. Microscopic results exhibit no indication of aggregations at 2 wt.% graphite, whereas more agglomeration and rolling up could be seen as the graphite content was increased in the PET matrix (in particular, above the percolation threshold value). Furthermore, based on the mechanical experimental characterization of the PET/graphite micro-composites, a large deformation-based mathematical model is proposed for material behavior predictions. The model fits well the experimental data and predicts other mechanical data that are not included in the parameter identification. Journal Article Polymers 11 9 1141 MDPI Basel 2073-4360 graphite, PET, conductive fillers, electrical, morphological, thermal properties, filled polymer model, large strain model 28 8 2019 2019-08-28 10.3390/polym11091411 https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4360/11/9/1411 COLLEGE NANME General Engineering COLLEGE CODE GENG Swansea University 2019-08-29T11:12:31.4087616 2019-08-28T11:42:58.0886241 Faculty of Science and Engineering School of Aerospace, Civil, Electrical, General and Mechanical Engineering - General Engineering Basheer A. Alshammari 1 Fahad S. Al-Mubaddel 2 Mohammad Rezaul Karim 3 Mokarram Hossain 0000-0002-4616-1104 4 Abdullah S. Al-Mutairi 5 Arthur Wilkinson 6 0051611-29082019111202.pdf alshammari2019.pdf 2019-08-29T11:12:02.6300000 Output 3172690 application/pdf Version of Record true 2019-08-29T00:00:00.0000000 This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license true eng http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
title Addition of Graphite Filler to Enhance Electrical, Morphological, Thermal, and Mechanical Properties in Poly (Ethylene Terephthalate): Experimental Characterization and Material Modeling
spellingShingle Addition of Graphite Filler to Enhance Electrical, Morphological, Thermal, and Mechanical Properties in Poly (Ethylene Terephthalate): Experimental Characterization and Material Modeling
Mokarram Hossain
title_short Addition of Graphite Filler to Enhance Electrical, Morphological, Thermal, and Mechanical Properties in Poly (Ethylene Terephthalate): Experimental Characterization and Material Modeling
title_full Addition of Graphite Filler to Enhance Electrical, Morphological, Thermal, and Mechanical Properties in Poly (Ethylene Terephthalate): Experimental Characterization and Material Modeling
title_fullStr Addition of Graphite Filler to Enhance Electrical, Morphological, Thermal, and Mechanical Properties in Poly (Ethylene Terephthalate): Experimental Characterization and Material Modeling
title_full_unstemmed Addition of Graphite Filler to Enhance Electrical, Morphological, Thermal, and Mechanical Properties in Poly (Ethylene Terephthalate): Experimental Characterization and Material Modeling
title_sort Addition of Graphite Filler to Enhance Electrical, Morphological, Thermal, and Mechanical Properties in Poly (Ethylene Terephthalate): Experimental Characterization and Material Modeling
author_id_str_mv 140f4aa5c5ec18ec173c8542a7fddafd
author_id_fullname_str_mv 140f4aa5c5ec18ec173c8542a7fddafd_***_Mokarram Hossain
author Mokarram Hossain
author2 Basheer A. Alshammari
Fahad S. Al-Mubaddel
Mohammad Rezaul Karim
Mokarram Hossain
Abdullah S. Al-Mutairi
Arthur Wilkinson
format Journal article
container_title Polymers
container_volume 11
container_issue 9
container_start_page 1141
publishDate 2019
institution Swansea University
issn 2073-4360
doi_str_mv 10.3390/polym11091411
publisher MDPI
college_str Faculty of Science and Engineering
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hierarchy_top_id facultyofscienceandengineering
hierarchy_top_title Faculty of Science and Engineering
hierarchy_parent_id facultyofscienceandengineering
hierarchy_parent_title Faculty of Science and Engineering
department_str School of Aerospace, Civil, Electrical, General and Mechanical Engineering - General Engineering{{{_:::_}}}Faculty of Science and Engineering{{{_:::_}}}School of Aerospace, Civil, Electrical, General and Mechanical Engineering - General Engineering
url https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4360/11/9/1411
document_store_str 1
active_str 0
description Poly(ethylene terephthalate)/graphite (PET/G) micro-composites were fabricated by the melt compounding method using a minilab extruder. The carbon fillers were found to act as nucleating agents for the PET matrix and hence accelerated crystallization and increased the degree of crystallinity. TGA showed that carbon fillers improved the resistance to thermal and thermo-oxidative degradation under both air and nitrogen atmospheres. However, a poor agreement was observed at higher loadings of the filler where the composites displayed reduced reinforcement efficiency. The results demonstrate that the addition of graphite at loading >14.5 wt.% made electrically conductive composites. It was calculated that the electric conductivities of PET/graphite micro-composites were enhanced, above the percolation threshold values by two orders of magnitudes compared to the PET matrix. The minimum value of conductivity required to avoid electrostatic charge application of an insulating polymer was achieved, just above the threshold values. The addition of graphite also improved thermal stability of PET, accelerated its crystallization process and increased the degree of crystallinity. Microscopic results exhibit no indication of aggregations at 2 wt.% graphite, whereas more agglomeration and rolling up could be seen as the graphite content was increased in the PET matrix (in particular, above the percolation threshold value). Furthermore, based on the mechanical experimental characterization of the PET/graphite micro-composites, a large deformation-based mathematical model is proposed for material behavior predictions. The model fits well the experimental data and predicts other mechanical data that are not included in the parameter identification.
published_date 2019-08-28T04:03:34Z
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score 11.037056

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