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Enhanced Local Skeletal Muscle Oxidative Capacity and Microvascular Blood Flow Following 7-Day Ischemic Preconditioning in Healthy Humans

Owen Jeffries, Mark Waldron Orcid Logo, John R. Pattison, Stephen D. Patterson

Frontiers in Physiology, Volume: 9

Swansea University Author: Mark Waldron Orcid Logo

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DOI (Published version): 10.3389/fphys.2018.00463

Abstract

Ischemic preconditioning (IPC), which involves intermittent periods of ischemia followed by reperfusion, is an effective clinical intervention that reduces the risk of myocardial injury and confers ischemic tolerance to skeletal muscle. Repeated bouts of IPC have been shown to stimulate long-term ch...

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Published in: Frontiers in Physiology
ISSN: 1664-042X
Published: Frontiers Research Foundation 2018
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fullrecord <?xml version="1.0"?><rfc1807><datestamp>2020-08-20T16:14:13.8724241</datestamp><bib-version>v2</bib-version><id>51410</id><entry>2019-08-15</entry><title>Enhanced Local Skeletal Muscle Oxidative Capacity and Microvascular Blood Flow Following 7-Day Ischemic Preconditioning in Healthy Humans</title><swanseaauthors><author><sid>70db7c6c54d46f5e70b39e5ae0a056fa</sid><ORCID>0000-0002-2720-4615</ORCID><firstname>Mark</firstname><surname>Waldron</surname><name>Mark Waldron</name><active>true</active><ethesisStudent>false</ethesisStudent></author></swanseaauthors><date>2019-08-15</date><deptcode>STSC</deptcode><abstract>Ischemic preconditioning (IPC), which involves intermittent periods of ischemia followed by reperfusion, is an effective clinical intervention that reduces the risk of myocardial injury and confers ischemic tolerance to skeletal muscle. Repeated bouts of IPC have been shown to stimulate long-term changes vascular function, however, it is unclear what metabolic adaptations may occur locally in the muscle. Therefore, we investigated 7 days of bilateral lower limb IPC (4 &#xD7; 5 min) above limb occlusion pressure (220 mmHg; n = 10), or sham (20 mmHg; n = 10), on local muscle oxidative capacity and microvascular blood flow. Oxidative capacity was measured using near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) during repeated short duration arterial occlusions (300 mmHg). Microvascular blood flow was assessed during the recovery from submaximal isometric plantar flexion exercises at 40 and 60% of maximal voluntary contraction (MVC). Following the intervention period, beyond the late phase of protection (72 h), muscle oxidative recovery kinetics were speeded by 13% (rate constant pre 2.89 &#xB1; 0.47 min-1 vs. post 3.32 &#xB1; 0.69 min-1; P &lt; 0.05) and resting muscle oxygen consumption (mimageO2) was reduced by 16.4% (pre 0.39 &#xB1; 0.16%.s-1 vs. post 0.33 &#xB1; 0.14%.s-1; P &lt; 0.05). During exercise, changes in deoxygenated hemoglobin (HHb) from rest to steady state were reduced at 40 and 60% MVC (16 and 12%, respectively, P &lt; 0.05) despite similar measures of total hemoglobin (tHb). At the cessation of exercise, the time constant for recovery in oxygenated hemoglobin (O2Hb) was accelerated at 40 and 60% MVC (by 33 and 43%, respectively) suggesting enhanced reoxygenation in the muscle. No changes were reported for systemic measures of resting heart rate or blood pressure. In conclusion, repeated bouts of IPC over 7 consecutive days increased skeletal muscle oxidative capacity and microvascular muscle blood flow. These findings are consistent with enhanced mitochondrial and vascular function following repeated IPC and may be of clinical or sporting interest to enhance or offset reductions in muscle oxidative capacity.</abstract><type>Journal Article</type><journal>Frontiers in Physiology</journal><volume>9</volume><publisher>Frontiers Research Foundation</publisher><issnElectronic>1664-042X</issnElectronic><keywords>blood flow, oxidative metabolism, occlusion training</keywords><publishedDay>9</publishedDay><publishedMonth>5</publishedMonth><publishedYear>2018</publishedYear><publishedDate>2018-05-09</publishedDate><doi>10.3389/fphys.2018.00463</doi><url>https://doi.org/10.3389/fphys.2018.00463</url><notes/><college>COLLEGE NANME</college><department>Sport and Exercise Sciences</department><CollegeCode>COLLEGE CODE</CollegeCode><DepartmentCode>STSC</DepartmentCode><institution>Swansea University</institution><degreesponsorsfunders>University of New England, Armidale, Australia</degreesponsorsfunders><apcterm/><lastEdited>2020-08-20T16:14:13.8724241</lastEdited><Created>2019-08-15T13:44:37.7388794</Created><authors><author><firstname>Owen</firstname><surname>Jeffries</surname><order>1</order></author><author><firstname>Mark</firstname><surname>Waldron</surname><orcid>0000-0002-2720-4615</orcid><order>2</order></author><author><firstname>John R.</firstname><surname>Pattison</surname><order>3</order></author><author><firstname>Stephen D.</firstname><surname>Patterson</surname><order>4</order></author></authors><documents><document><filename>0051410-15082019141217.pdf</filename><originalFilename>fphys-09-00463.pdf</originalFilename><uploaded>2019-08-15T14:12:17.1930000</uploaded><type>Output</type><contentLength>682856</contentLength><contentType>application/pdf</contentType><version>Version of Record</version><cronfaStatus>true</cronfaStatus><embargoDate>2019-08-15T00:00:00.0000000</embargoDate><documentNotes>Distributed under the terms of a Creative Commons Attribution (CC-BY) Licence.</documentNotes><copyrightCorrect>true</copyrightCorrect><language>eng</language><licence>https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/</licence></document></documents><OutputDurs/></rfc1807>
spelling 2020-08-20T16:14:13.8724241 v2 51410 2019-08-15 Enhanced Local Skeletal Muscle Oxidative Capacity and Microvascular Blood Flow Following 7-Day Ischemic Preconditioning in Healthy Humans 70db7c6c54d46f5e70b39e5ae0a056fa 0000-0002-2720-4615 Mark Waldron Mark Waldron true false 2019-08-15 STSC Ischemic preconditioning (IPC), which involves intermittent periods of ischemia followed by reperfusion, is an effective clinical intervention that reduces the risk of myocardial injury and confers ischemic tolerance to skeletal muscle. Repeated bouts of IPC have been shown to stimulate long-term changes vascular function, however, it is unclear what metabolic adaptations may occur locally in the muscle. Therefore, we investigated 7 days of bilateral lower limb IPC (4 × 5 min) above limb occlusion pressure (220 mmHg; n = 10), or sham (20 mmHg; n = 10), on local muscle oxidative capacity and microvascular blood flow. Oxidative capacity was measured using near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) during repeated short duration arterial occlusions (300 mmHg). Microvascular blood flow was assessed during the recovery from submaximal isometric plantar flexion exercises at 40 and 60% of maximal voluntary contraction (MVC). Following the intervention period, beyond the late phase of protection (72 h), muscle oxidative recovery kinetics were speeded by 13% (rate constant pre 2.89 ± 0.47 min-1 vs. post 3.32 ± 0.69 min-1; P < 0.05) and resting muscle oxygen consumption (mimageO2) was reduced by 16.4% (pre 0.39 ± 0.16%.s-1 vs. post 0.33 ± 0.14%.s-1; P < 0.05). During exercise, changes in deoxygenated hemoglobin (HHb) from rest to steady state were reduced at 40 and 60% MVC (16 and 12%, respectively, P < 0.05) despite similar measures of total hemoglobin (tHb). At the cessation of exercise, the time constant for recovery in oxygenated hemoglobin (O2Hb) was accelerated at 40 and 60% MVC (by 33 and 43%, respectively) suggesting enhanced reoxygenation in the muscle. No changes were reported for systemic measures of resting heart rate or blood pressure. In conclusion, repeated bouts of IPC over 7 consecutive days increased skeletal muscle oxidative capacity and microvascular muscle blood flow. These findings are consistent with enhanced mitochondrial and vascular function following repeated IPC and may be of clinical or sporting interest to enhance or offset reductions in muscle oxidative capacity. Journal Article Frontiers in Physiology 9 Frontiers Research Foundation 1664-042X blood flow, oxidative metabolism, occlusion training 9 5 2018 2018-05-09 10.3389/fphys.2018.00463 https://doi.org/10.3389/fphys.2018.00463 COLLEGE NANME Sport and Exercise Sciences COLLEGE CODE STSC Swansea University University of New England, Armidale, Australia 2020-08-20T16:14:13.8724241 2019-08-15T13:44:37.7388794 Owen Jeffries 1 Mark Waldron 0000-0002-2720-4615 2 John R. Pattison 3 Stephen D. Patterson 4 0051410-15082019141217.pdf fphys-09-00463.pdf 2019-08-15T14:12:17.1930000 Output 682856 application/pdf Version of Record true 2019-08-15T00:00:00.0000000 Distributed under the terms of a Creative Commons Attribution (CC-BY) Licence. true eng https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
title Enhanced Local Skeletal Muscle Oxidative Capacity and Microvascular Blood Flow Following 7-Day Ischemic Preconditioning in Healthy Humans
spellingShingle Enhanced Local Skeletal Muscle Oxidative Capacity and Microvascular Blood Flow Following 7-Day Ischemic Preconditioning in Healthy Humans
Mark Waldron
title_short Enhanced Local Skeletal Muscle Oxidative Capacity and Microvascular Blood Flow Following 7-Day Ischemic Preconditioning in Healthy Humans
title_full Enhanced Local Skeletal Muscle Oxidative Capacity and Microvascular Blood Flow Following 7-Day Ischemic Preconditioning in Healthy Humans
title_fullStr Enhanced Local Skeletal Muscle Oxidative Capacity and Microvascular Blood Flow Following 7-Day Ischemic Preconditioning in Healthy Humans
title_full_unstemmed Enhanced Local Skeletal Muscle Oxidative Capacity and Microvascular Blood Flow Following 7-Day Ischemic Preconditioning in Healthy Humans
title_sort Enhanced Local Skeletal Muscle Oxidative Capacity and Microvascular Blood Flow Following 7-Day Ischemic Preconditioning in Healthy Humans
author_id_str_mv 70db7c6c54d46f5e70b39e5ae0a056fa
author_id_fullname_str_mv 70db7c6c54d46f5e70b39e5ae0a056fa_***_Mark Waldron
author Mark Waldron
author2 Owen Jeffries
Mark Waldron
John R. Pattison
Stephen D. Patterson
format Journal article
container_title Frontiers in Physiology
container_volume 9
publishDate 2018
institution Swansea University
issn 1664-042X
doi_str_mv 10.3389/fphys.2018.00463
publisher Frontiers Research Foundation
url https://doi.org/10.3389/fphys.2018.00463
document_store_str 1
active_str 0
description Ischemic preconditioning (IPC), which involves intermittent periods of ischemia followed by reperfusion, is an effective clinical intervention that reduces the risk of myocardial injury and confers ischemic tolerance to skeletal muscle. Repeated bouts of IPC have been shown to stimulate long-term changes vascular function, however, it is unclear what metabolic adaptations may occur locally in the muscle. Therefore, we investigated 7 days of bilateral lower limb IPC (4 × 5 min) above limb occlusion pressure (220 mmHg; n = 10), or sham (20 mmHg; n = 10), on local muscle oxidative capacity and microvascular blood flow. Oxidative capacity was measured using near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) during repeated short duration arterial occlusions (300 mmHg). Microvascular blood flow was assessed during the recovery from submaximal isometric plantar flexion exercises at 40 and 60% of maximal voluntary contraction (MVC). Following the intervention period, beyond the late phase of protection (72 h), muscle oxidative recovery kinetics were speeded by 13% (rate constant pre 2.89 ± 0.47 min-1 vs. post 3.32 ± 0.69 min-1; P < 0.05) and resting muscle oxygen consumption (mimageO2) was reduced by 16.4% (pre 0.39 ± 0.16%.s-1 vs. post 0.33 ± 0.14%.s-1; P < 0.05). During exercise, changes in deoxygenated hemoglobin (HHb) from rest to steady state were reduced at 40 and 60% MVC (16 and 12%, respectively, P < 0.05) despite similar measures of total hemoglobin (tHb). At the cessation of exercise, the time constant for recovery in oxygenated hemoglobin (O2Hb) was accelerated at 40 and 60% MVC (by 33 and 43%, respectively) suggesting enhanced reoxygenation in the muscle. No changes were reported for systemic measures of resting heart rate or blood pressure. In conclusion, repeated bouts of IPC over 7 consecutive days increased skeletal muscle oxidative capacity and microvascular muscle blood flow. These findings are consistent with enhanced mitochondrial and vascular function following repeated IPC and may be of clinical or sporting interest to enhance or offset reductions in muscle oxidative capacity.
published_date 2018-05-09T04:03:16Z
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