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On the Electro‐Optics of Carbon Stack Perovskite Solar Cells

Robin Kerremans, Oskar J. Sandberg, Simone Meroni, Trystan Watson Orcid Logo, Ardalan Armin, Paul Meredith

Solar RRL, Start page: 1900221

Swansea University Author: Trystan Watson Orcid Logo

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DOI (Published version): 10.1002/solr.201900221

Abstract

Mesoporous carbon stack architecture is attracting considerable interest as a candidate for scalable, low‐cost perovskite solar cells amenable to high‐throughput manufacturing. These cells are characterized by microns‐thick mesoporous titania and zirconia layers capped by a nonselective carbon elect...

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Published in: Solar RRL
ISSN: 2367-198X 2367-198X
Published: 2019
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URI: https://cronfa.swan.ac.uk/Record/cronfa51379
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first_indexed 2019-08-12T15:30:21Z
last_indexed 2019-09-10T15:30:23Z
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spelling 2019-09-10T10:13:39.3466420 v2 51379 2019-08-12 On the Electro‐Optics of Carbon Stack Perovskite Solar Cells a210327b52472cfe8df9b8108d661457 0000-0002-8015-1436 Trystan Watson Trystan Watson true false 2019-08-12 MTLS Mesoporous carbon stack architecture is attracting considerable interest as a candidate for scalable, low‐cost perovskite solar cells amenable to high‐throughput manufacturing. These cells are characterized by microns‐thick mesoporous titania and zirconia layers capped by a nonselective carbon electrode with the whole stack being infused with a perovskite semiconductor. Although the architecture does not deliver the >20% power conversion efficiencies characteristic of perovskite planar and mesoporous geometries, it does produce cells with respectable efficiencies >16%, which is unexpected due to the carbon electrode being a nonideal anode and the active layers being so thick. Optimization of these cells requires an understanding of the coupled efficiencies of light absorption, charge generation, and extraction which is currently unavailable. Herein, a combined experimental‐simulation study that elucidates photogeneration and extraction is reported. By determining the optical constants of the individual components and using effective‐medium approximations, the internal quantum efficiencies (IQE) in both the titania and zirconia layers are determined to be ≈85%. Numerical drift‐diffusion simulations indicate that this high IQE is a consequence of the thick junctions reducing minority carrier concentrations at the electrodes, thereby decreasing surface recombination. This insight can now be used to tune the carbon stack for efficiency and simplicity. Journal Article Solar RRL 1900221 2367-198X 2367-198X 31 12 2019 2019-12-31 10.1002/solr.201900221 COLLEGE NANME Materials Science and Engineering COLLEGE CODE MTLS Swansea University 2019-09-10T10:13:39.3466420 2019-08-12T12:15:49.9978824 Faculty of Science and Engineering School of Engineering and Applied Sciences - Materials Science and Engineering Robin Kerremans 1 Oskar J. Sandberg 2 Simone Meroni 3 Trystan Watson 0000-0002-8015-1436 4 Ardalan Armin 5 Paul Meredith 6 0051379-10092019101257.pdf kerremans2019.pdf 2019-09-10T10:12:57.6070000 Output 1655937 application/pdf Accepted Manuscript true 2020-07-26T00:00:00.0000000 false eng
title On the Electro‐Optics of Carbon Stack Perovskite Solar Cells
spellingShingle On the Electro‐Optics of Carbon Stack Perovskite Solar Cells
Trystan Watson
title_short On the Electro‐Optics of Carbon Stack Perovskite Solar Cells
title_full On the Electro‐Optics of Carbon Stack Perovskite Solar Cells
title_fullStr On the Electro‐Optics of Carbon Stack Perovskite Solar Cells
title_full_unstemmed On the Electro‐Optics of Carbon Stack Perovskite Solar Cells
title_sort On the Electro‐Optics of Carbon Stack Perovskite Solar Cells
author_id_str_mv a210327b52472cfe8df9b8108d661457
author_id_fullname_str_mv a210327b52472cfe8df9b8108d661457_***_Trystan Watson
author Trystan Watson
author2 Robin Kerremans
Oskar J. Sandberg
Simone Meroni
Trystan Watson
Ardalan Armin
Paul Meredith
format Journal article
container_title Solar RRL
container_start_page 1900221
publishDate 2019
institution Swansea University
issn 2367-198X
2367-198X
doi_str_mv 10.1002/solr.201900221
college_str Faculty of Science and Engineering
hierarchytype
hierarchy_top_id facultyofscienceandengineering
hierarchy_top_title Faculty of Science and Engineering
hierarchy_parent_id facultyofscienceandengineering
hierarchy_parent_title Faculty of Science and Engineering
department_str School of Engineering and Applied Sciences - Materials Science and Engineering{{{_:::_}}}Faculty of Science and Engineering{{{_:::_}}}School of Engineering and Applied Sciences - Materials Science and Engineering
document_store_str 1
active_str 0
description Mesoporous carbon stack architecture is attracting considerable interest as a candidate for scalable, low‐cost perovskite solar cells amenable to high‐throughput manufacturing. These cells are characterized by microns‐thick mesoporous titania and zirconia layers capped by a nonselective carbon electrode with the whole stack being infused with a perovskite semiconductor. Although the architecture does not deliver the >20% power conversion efficiencies characteristic of perovskite planar and mesoporous geometries, it does produce cells with respectable efficiencies >16%, which is unexpected due to the carbon electrode being a nonideal anode and the active layers being so thick. Optimization of these cells requires an understanding of the coupled efficiencies of light absorption, charge generation, and extraction which is currently unavailable. Herein, a combined experimental‐simulation study that elucidates photogeneration and extraction is reported. By determining the optical constants of the individual components and using effective‐medium approximations, the internal quantum efficiencies (IQE) in both the titania and zirconia layers are determined to be ≈85%. Numerical drift‐diffusion simulations indicate that this high IQE is a consequence of the thick junctions reducing minority carrier concentrations at the electrodes, thereby decreasing surface recombination. This insight can now be used to tune the carbon stack for efficiency and simplicity.
published_date 2019-12-31T04:03:14Z
_version_ 1763753270613901312
score 11.036553

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