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Mass spectrometric investigation of pharmaceuticals in environmental matrices: homogenate analysis / Rachel Townsend

DOI (Published version): 10.23889/Suthesis.50205

Abstract

In the last ten years there has been considerable focus on the impact of pollution on the environment driven by research and government policies. With particular interest in soils and environmental waters there is the need to monitor for a wide range of potential organic pollutants, including pestic...

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Published: 2019
Institution: Swansea University
Degree level: Doctoral
Degree name: Ph.D
URI: https://cronfa.swan.ac.uk/Record/cronfa50205
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first_indexed 2019-05-09T20:01:11Z
last_indexed 2023-01-11T14:26:36Z
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spelling 2022-09-27T16:28:54.4543520 v2 50205 2019-05-02 Mass spectrometric investigation of pharmaceuticals in environmental matrices: homogenate analysis 2019-05-02 In the last ten years there has been considerable focus on the impact of pollution on the environment driven by research and government policies. With particular interest in soils and environmental waters there is the need to monitor for a wide range of potential organic pollutants, including pesticides, personal care products and pharmaceuticals. The research focus has shifted to the study of wastewater, which has been largely un-investigated as an environmental matrix, with an aim to detect lower amounts than those achieved with current methods. Current approaches for analysing complex environmental matrices such as soil and wastewater effluent are typically multi-step analyses using a range of procedures and apparatus, resulting in methods that are time and resource consuming, unsuitable for high-throughput analysis. This study has investigated new approaches to monitoring concentrations of commonly used pharmaceuticals and biocides in environmental samples, as detailed by UK Water Industry Research and the Chemical Investigation Programme (CIP). A modified QuEChERS sample preparation method has been developed and tested for the extraction of a selection of pharmaceuticals of interest to CIP and extended to biocides, as newly proposed pollutants following an initial investigation in sludge. These were analysed, with results showing sixteen target analytes of variable lipophilicity/acidity were successfully extracted using the developed protocol. Excellent repeatability within a “control” sample of soil was achieved with a relative standard deviation of <10% for the majority of pharmaceuticals and <15% for the biocides, with low matrix effects, and recovery values of between 40-75%. This method was applied to two samples of locally sourced treated sludgecake, two samples of homogenised biota (mussel tissue) and a sample of locally sourced treated effluent as part of a qualitative and quantitation study. A selection of pharmaceuticals and the suite of biocides were quantifiable within each sample matrix. This novel sample preparation method is labour-saving and cost effective, offering an improved approach for multiple sample matrices for high throughput analysis versus current protocols. E-Thesis Liquid chromatography, mass spectrometry, environmental analysis, QuEChERS 31 12 2019 2019-12-31 10.23889/Suthesis.50205 COLLEGE NANME COLLEGE CODE Swansea University Doctoral Ph.D Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council (EPSRC) EP/L504865/1, EP/K502935/1 2022-09-27T16:28:54.4543520 2019-05-02T12:42:05.9771189 Faculty of Medicine, Health and Life Sciences Swansea University Medical School - Medicine Rachel Townsend 1 0050205-02052019124918.pdf Townsend_Rachel_PhD_Final_Thesis_Redacted_Signature_Only.pdf 2019-05-02T12:49:18.1400000 Output 3222710 application/pdf Redacted version - open access true 2019-05-01T00:00:00.0000000 true
title Mass spectrometric investigation of pharmaceuticals in environmental matrices: homogenate analysis
spellingShingle Mass spectrometric investigation of pharmaceuticals in environmental matrices: homogenate analysis
,
title_short Mass spectrometric investigation of pharmaceuticals in environmental matrices: homogenate analysis
title_full Mass spectrometric investigation of pharmaceuticals in environmental matrices: homogenate analysis
title_fullStr Mass spectrometric investigation of pharmaceuticals in environmental matrices: homogenate analysis
title_full_unstemmed Mass spectrometric investigation of pharmaceuticals in environmental matrices: homogenate analysis
title_sort Mass spectrometric investigation of pharmaceuticals in environmental matrices: homogenate analysis
author ,
author2 Rachel Townsend
format E-Thesis
publishDate 2019
institution Swansea University
doi_str_mv 10.23889/Suthesis.50205
college_str Faculty of Medicine, Health and Life Sciences
hierarchytype
hierarchy_top_id facultyofmedicinehealthandlifesciences
hierarchy_top_title Faculty of Medicine, Health and Life Sciences
hierarchy_parent_id facultyofmedicinehealthandlifesciences
hierarchy_parent_title Faculty of Medicine, Health and Life Sciences
department_str Swansea University Medical School - Medicine{{{_:::_}}}Faculty of Medicine, Health and Life Sciences{{{_:::_}}}Swansea University Medical School - Medicine
document_store_str 1
active_str 0
description In the last ten years there has been considerable focus on the impact of pollution on the environment driven by research and government policies. With particular interest in soils and environmental waters there is the need to monitor for a wide range of potential organic pollutants, including pesticides, personal care products and pharmaceuticals. The research focus has shifted to the study of wastewater, which has been largely un-investigated as an environmental matrix, with an aim to detect lower amounts than those achieved with current methods. Current approaches for analysing complex environmental matrices such as soil and wastewater effluent are typically multi-step analyses using a range of procedures and apparatus, resulting in methods that are time and resource consuming, unsuitable for high-throughput analysis. This study has investigated new approaches to monitoring concentrations of commonly used pharmaceuticals and biocides in environmental samples, as detailed by UK Water Industry Research and the Chemical Investigation Programme (CIP). A modified QuEChERS sample preparation method has been developed and tested for the extraction of a selection of pharmaceuticals of interest to CIP and extended to biocides, as newly proposed pollutants following an initial investigation in sludge. These were analysed, with results showing sixteen target analytes of variable lipophilicity/acidity were successfully extracted using the developed protocol. Excellent repeatability within a “control” sample of soil was achieved with a relative standard deviation of <10% for the majority of pharmaceuticals and <15% for the biocides, with low matrix effects, and recovery values of between 40-75%. This method was applied to two samples of locally sourced treated sludgecake, two samples of homogenised biota (mussel tissue) and a sample of locally sourced treated effluent as part of a qualitative and quantitation study. A selection of pharmaceuticals and the suite of biocides were quantifiable within each sample matrix. This novel sample preparation method is labour-saving and cost effective, offering an improved approach for multiple sample matrices for high throughput analysis versus current protocols.
published_date 2019-12-31T04:01:33Z
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score 11.014291

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