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Sexual dimorphism in postcranial skeletal shape suggests male‐biased specialization for physical competition in anthropoid primates

Jeremy S. Morris, Christopher B. Cunningham, David R. Carrier, Chris Cunningham Orcid Logo

Journal of Morphology

Swansea University Author: Chris Cunningham Orcid Logo

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DOI (Published version): 10.1002/jmor.20980

Abstract

Sexual dimorphism often arises as a response to selection on traits that improve a male's ability to physically compete for access to mates. In primates, sexual dimorphism in body mass and canine size is more common in species with intense male–male competition. However, in addition to these tr...

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Published in: Journal of Morphology
ISSN: 0362-2525 1097-4687
Published: 2019
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URI: https://cronfa.swan.ac.uk/Record/cronfa49888
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first_indexed 2019-04-04T16:40:52Z
last_indexed 2020-10-08T03:01:08Z
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spelling 2020-10-07T08:54:05.7680240 v2 49888 2019-04-04 Sexual dimorphism in postcranial skeletal shape suggests male‐biased specialization for physical competition in anthropoid primates 0bd688baf9fc30cb39dfae9ed28cb662 0000-0003-3965-2076 Chris Cunningham Chris Cunningham true false 2019-04-04 SBI Sexual dimorphism often arises as a response to selection on traits that improve a male's ability to physically compete for access to mates. In primates, sexual dimorphism in body mass and canine size is more common in species with intense male–male competition. However, in addition to these traits, other musculoskeletal adaptations may improve male fighting performance. Postcranial traits that increase strength, agility, and maneuverability may also be under selection. To test the hypothesis that males, as compared to females, are more specialized for physical competition in their postcranial anatomy, we compared sex‐specific skeletal shape using a set of functional indices predicted to improve fighting performance. Across species, we found significant sexual dimorphism in a subset of these indices, indicating the presence of skeletal shape sexual dimorphism in our sample of anthropoid primates. Mean skeletal shape sexual dimorphism was positively correlated with sexual dimorphism in body size, an indicator of the intensity of male–male competition, even when controlling for both body mass and phylogenetic relatedness. These results suggest that selection on male fighting ability has played a role in the evolution of postcranial sexual dimorphism in primates. Journal Article Journal of Morphology 0362-2525 1097-4687 31 12 2019 2019-12-31 10.1002/jmor.20980 COLLEGE NANME Biosciences COLLEGE CODE SBI Swansea University 2020-10-07T08:54:05.7680240 2019-04-04T11:09:56.0596292 Faculty of Science and Engineering School of Biosciences, Geography and Physics - Biosciences Jeremy S. Morris 1 Christopher B. Cunningham 2 David R. Carrier 3 Chris Cunningham 0000-0003-3965-2076 4 0049888-14052019110952.pdf Cunnigham_PrimatesSDmanuscriptJMorphologyrevised_Full.pdf 2019-05-14T11:09:52.6000000 Output 474598 application/pdf Accepted Manuscript true 2020-03-20T00:00:00.0000000 true eng
title Sexual dimorphism in postcranial skeletal shape suggests male‐biased specialization for physical competition in anthropoid primates
spellingShingle Sexual dimorphism in postcranial skeletal shape suggests male‐biased specialization for physical competition in anthropoid primates
Chris Cunningham
title_short Sexual dimorphism in postcranial skeletal shape suggests male‐biased specialization for physical competition in anthropoid primates
title_full Sexual dimorphism in postcranial skeletal shape suggests male‐biased specialization for physical competition in anthropoid primates
title_fullStr Sexual dimorphism in postcranial skeletal shape suggests male‐biased specialization for physical competition in anthropoid primates
title_full_unstemmed Sexual dimorphism in postcranial skeletal shape suggests male‐biased specialization for physical competition in anthropoid primates
title_sort Sexual dimorphism in postcranial skeletal shape suggests male‐biased specialization for physical competition in anthropoid primates
author_id_str_mv 0bd688baf9fc30cb39dfae9ed28cb662
author_id_fullname_str_mv 0bd688baf9fc30cb39dfae9ed28cb662_***_Chris Cunningham
author Chris Cunningham
author2 Jeremy S. Morris
Christopher B. Cunningham
David R. Carrier
Chris Cunningham
format Journal article
container_title Journal of Morphology
publishDate 2019
institution Swansea University
issn 0362-2525
1097-4687
doi_str_mv 10.1002/jmor.20980
college_str Faculty of Science and Engineering
hierarchytype
hierarchy_top_id facultyofscienceandengineering
hierarchy_top_title Faculty of Science and Engineering
hierarchy_parent_id facultyofscienceandengineering
hierarchy_parent_title Faculty of Science and Engineering
department_str School of Biosciences, Geography and Physics - Biosciences{{{_:::_}}}Faculty of Science and Engineering{{{_:::_}}}School of Biosciences, Geography and Physics - Biosciences
document_store_str 1
active_str 0
description Sexual dimorphism often arises as a response to selection on traits that improve a male's ability to physically compete for access to mates. In primates, sexual dimorphism in body mass and canine size is more common in species with intense male–male competition. However, in addition to these traits, other musculoskeletal adaptations may improve male fighting performance. Postcranial traits that increase strength, agility, and maneuverability may also be under selection. To test the hypothesis that males, as compared to females, are more specialized for physical competition in their postcranial anatomy, we compared sex‐specific skeletal shape using a set of functional indices predicted to improve fighting performance. Across species, we found significant sexual dimorphism in a subset of these indices, indicating the presence of skeletal shape sexual dimorphism in our sample of anthropoid primates. Mean skeletal shape sexual dimorphism was positively correlated with sexual dimorphism in body size, an indicator of the intensity of male–male competition, even when controlling for both body mass and phylogenetic relatedness. These results suggest that selection on male fighting ability has played a role in the evolution of postcranial sexual dimorphism in primates.
published_date 2019-12-31T04:01:08Z
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score 11.037166

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