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Reverse osmosis desalination: A state-of-the-art review

Muhammad Qasim, Mohamed Badrelzaman, Noora N. Darwish, Naif A. Darwish, Nidal Hilal

Desalination, Volume: 459, Pages: 59 - 104

Swansea University Author: Nidal Hilal

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DOI (Published version): 10.1016/j.desal.2019.02.008

Abstract

Water scarcity is a grand challenge that has always stimulated research interests in finding effective means for pure water production. In this context, reverse osmosis (RO) is considered the leading and the most optimized membrane-based desalination process that is currently dominating the desalina...

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Published in: Desalination
ISSN: 0011-9164
Published: 2019
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URI: https://cronfa.swan.ac.uk/Record/cronfa48864
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spelling 2019-03-26T14:12:35.5413608 v2 48864 2019-02-15 Reverse osmosis desalination: A state-of-the-art review 3acba771241d878c8e35ff464aec0342 Nidal Hilal Nidal Hilal true false 2019-02-15 FGSEN Water scarcity is a grand challenge that has always stimulated research interests in finding effective means for pure water production. In this context, reverse osmosis (RO) is considered the leading and the most optimized membrane-based desalination process that is currently dominating the desalination market. In this review, various aspects of RO desalination are reviewed. Theories and models related to concentration polarization and membrane transport, as well as merits and drawbacks of these models in predicting polarization effects, are discussed. An updated review of studies related to membrane modules (plate and frame, tubular, spiral wound, and hollow fiber) and membrane characterization are provided. The review also discusses membrane cleaning and different pre-treatment technologies in place for RO desalination, such as feed-water pre-treatment and biocides. RO pre-treatment technologies, which include conventional (e.g., coagulation-flocculation, media filtration, disinfection, scale inhibition) and non-conventional (e.g., MF, UF, and NF) are reviewed and their relative attributes are compared. As per the available literature, UF, MF and coagulation-flocculation are considered the most widely used pre-treatment technologies. In addition, this review discusses membrane fouling, which represents a serious challenge in RO processes due to its significant contribution to energy requirements and process economy (e.g., flux decline, permeate quality, membrane lifespan, increased feed pressure, increased pre-treatment and membrane maintenance cost). Different membrane fouling types, such as colloidal, organic, inorganic, and biological fouling, are addressed in this review. Principles of RO process design and the embedded economic and energy considerations are discussed. In general, cost of water desalination has dropped to values that made it a viable option, comparable even to conventional water treatment methods. Finally, an overview of hybrid RO desalination processes and the current challenges faced by RO desalination processes are presented and discussed. Journal Article Desalination 459 59 104 0011-9164 Reverse Osmosis; Membranes; Pre-treatment; Fouling; Desalination; Concentration polarization 1 6 2019 2019-06-01 10.1016/j.desal.2019.02.008 COLLEGE NANME Science and Engineering - Faculty COLLEGE CODE FGSEN Swansea University 2019-03-26T14:12:35.5413608 2019-02-15T06:08:32.7876948 Faculty of Science and Engineering School of Engineering and Applied Sciences - Uncategorised Muhammad Qasim 1 Mohamed Badrelzaman 2 Noora N. Darwish 3 Naif A. Darwish 4 Nidal Hilal 5 0048864-07032019141310.pdf qasim2019.pdf 2019-03-07T14:13:10.7770000 Output 2004597 application/pdf Accepted Manuscript true 2020-03-12T00:00:00.0000000 true eng
title Reverse osmosis desalination: A state-of-the-art review
spellingShingle Reverse osmosis desalination: A state-of-the-art review
Nidal Hilal
title_short Reverse osmosis desalination: A state-of-the-art review
title_full Reverse osmosis desalination: A state-of-the-art review
title_fullStr Reverse osmosis desalination: A state-of-the-art review
title_full_unstemmed Reverse osmosis desalination: A state-of-the-art review
title_sort Reverse osmosis desalination: A state-of-the-art review
author_id_str_mv 3acba771241d878c8e35ff464aec0342
author_id_fullname_str_mv 3acba771241d878c8e35ff464aec0342_***_Nidal Hilal
author Nidal Hilal
author2 Muhammad Qasim
Mohamed Badrelzaman
Noora N. Darwish
Naif A. Darwish
Nidal Hilal
format Journal article
container_title Desalination
container_volume 459
container_start_page 59
publishDate 2019
institution Swansea University
issn 0011-9164
doi_str_mv 10.1016/j.desal.2019.02.008
college_str Faculty of Science and Engineering
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hierarchy_top_id facultyofscienceandengineering
hierarchy_top_title Faculty of Science and Engineering
hierarchy_parent_id facultyofscienceandengineering
hierarchy_parent_title Faculty of Science and Engineering
department_str School of Engineering and Applied Sciences - Uncategorised{{{_:::_}}}Faculty of Science and Engineering{{{_:::_}}}School of Engineering and Applied Sciences - Uncategorised
document_store_str 1
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description Water scarcity is a grand challenge that has always stimulated research interests in finding effective means for pure water production. In this context, reverse osmosis (RO) is considered the leading and the most optimized membrane-based desalination process that is currently dominating the desalination market. In this review, various aspects of RO desalination are reviewed. Theories and models related to concentration polarization and membrane transport, as well as merits and drawbacks of these models in predicting polarization effects, are discussed. An updated review of studies related to membrane modules (plate and frame, tubular, spiral wound, and hollow fiber) and membrane characterization are provided. The review also discusses membrane cleaning and different pre-treatment technologies in place for RO desalination, such as feed-water pre-treatment and biocides. RO pre-treatment technologies, which include conventional (e.g., coagulation-flocculation, media filtration, disinfection, scale inhibition) and non-conventional (e.g., MF, UF, and NF) are reviewed and their relative attributes are compared. As per the available literature, UF, MF and coagulation-flocculation are considered the most widely used pre-treatment technologies. In addition, this review discusses membrane fouling, which represents a serious challenge in RO processes due to its significant contribution to energy requirements and process economy (e.g., flux decline, permeate quality, membrane lifespan, increased feed pressure, increased pre-treatment and membrane maintenance cost). Different membrane fouling types, such as colloidal, organic, inorganic, and biological fouling, are addressed in this review. Principles of RO process design and the embedded economic and energy considerations are discussed. In general, cost of water desalination has dropped to values that made it a viable option, comparable even to conventional water treatment methods. Finally, an overview of hybrid RO desalination processes and the current challenges faced by RO desalination processes are presented and discussed.
published_date 2019-06-01T03:59:32Z
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