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Time-Resolved Mechanical Spectroscopy of Soft Materials via Optimally Windowed Chirps

Michela Geri, Bavand Keshavarz, Thibaut Divoux, Christian Clasen, Daniel Curtis Orcid Logo, Gareth H. McKinley

Physical Review X, Volume: 8, Issue: 4

Swansea University Author: Daniel Curtis Orcid Logo

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DOI (Published version): 10.1103/PhysRevX.8.041042

Abstract

The ability to measure the bulk dynamic behavior of soft materials with combined time and frequency resolution is instrumental for improving our fundamental understanding of connections between the microstructural dynamics and the macroscopic mechanical response. Current state-of-the-art techniques...

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Published in: Physical Review X
ISSN: 2160-3308 2160-3308
Published: 2018
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URI: https://cronfa.swan.ac.uk/Record/cronfa45242
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spelling 2020-12-18T10:45:23.7628391 v2 45242 2018-10-26 Time-Resolved Mechanical Spectroscopy of Soft Materials via Optimally Windowed Chirps e76ff28a23af2fe37099c4e9a24c1e58 0000-0002-6955-0524 Daniel Curtis Daniel Curtis true false 2018-10-26 CHEG The ability to measure the bulk dynamic behavior of soft materials with combined time and frequency resolution is instrumental for improving our fundamental understanding of connections between the microstructural dynamics and the macroscopic mechanical response. Current state-of-the-art techniques are often limited by a compromise between resolution in the time and frequency domains, mainly due to the use of elementary input signals that have not been designed for fast time-evolving systems such as materials undergoing gelation, curing, or self-healing. In this work, we develop an optimized and robust excitation signal for time-resolved mechanical spectroscopy through the introduction of joint frequency- and amplitude-modulated exponential chirps. Inspired by the biosonar signals of bats and dolphins, we optimize the signal profile to maximize the signal-to-noise ratio while minimizing spectral leakage with a carefully designed modulation of the envelope of the chirp, obtained using a cosine-tapered window function. A combined experimental and numerical investigation reveals that there exists an optimal range of window profiles (around 10% of the total signal length) that minimizes the error with respect to standard single-frequency sweep techniques. The minimum error is set by the noise floor of the instrument, suggesting that the accuracy of an optimally windowed-chirp (OWCh) sequence is directly comparable to that achievable with a standard frequency sweep, while the acquisition time can be reduced by up to 2 orders of magnitude, for comparable spectral content. Finally, we demonstrate the ability of this optimized signal to provide time- and frequency-resolved rheometric data by studying the fast gelation process of an acid-induced protein gel using repeated OWCh pulse sequences. The use of optimally windowed chirps enables a robust time-resolved rheological characterization of a wide range of soft materials undergoing rapid mutation and has the potential to become an invaluable rheometric tool for researchers across different disciplines. Journal Article Physical Review X 8 4 2160-3308 2160-3308 Rheometry, Gelation 31 12 2018 2018-12-31 10.1103/PhysRevX.8.041042 COLLEGE NANME Chemical Engineering COLLEGE CODE CHEG Swansea University 2020-12-18T10:45:23.7628391 2018-10-26T16:07:29.6120894 Faculty of Science and Engineering School of Engineering and Applied Sciences - Chemical Engineering Michela Geri 1 Bavand Keshavarz 2 Thibaut Divoux 3 Christian Clasen 4 Daniel Curtis 0000-0002-6955-0524 5 Gareth H. McKinley 6 45242__17883__0cf403030bf448e7a1be73c2e5a714e9.pdf geri2018v2.pdf 2020-08-07T15:52:41.5759112 Output 1347024 application/pdf Version of Record true Released under the terms of a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International license. true eng https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
title Time-Resolved Mechanical Spectroscopy of Soft Materials via Optimally Windowed Chirps
spellingShingle Time-Resolved Mechanical Spectroscopy of Soft Materials via Optimally Windowed Chirps
Daniel Curtis
title_short Time-Resolved Mechanical Spectroscopy of Soft Materials via Optimally Windowed Chirps
title_full Time-Resolved Mechanical Spectroscopy of Soft Materials via Optimally Windowed Chirps
title_fullStr Time-Resolved Mechanical Spectroscopy of Soft Materials via Optimally Windowed Chirps
title_full_unstemmed Time-Resolved Mechanical Spectroscopy of Soft Materials via Optimally Windowed Chirps
title_sort Time-Resolved Mechanical Spectroscopy of Soft Materials via Optimally Windowed Chirps
author_id_str_mv e76ff28a23af2fe37099c4e9a24c1e58
author_id_fullname_str_mv e76ff28a23af2fe37099c4e9a24c1e58_***_Daniel Curtis
author Daniel Curtis
author2 Michela Geri
Bavand Keshavarz
Thibaut Divoux
Christian Clasen
Daniel Curtis
Gareth H. McKinley
format Journal article
container_title Physical Review X
container_volume 8
container_issue 4
publishDate 2018
institution Swansea University
issn 2160-3308
2160-3308
doi_str_mv 10.1103/PhysRevX.8.041042
college_str Faculty of Science and Engineering
hierarchytype
hierarchy_top_id facultyofscienceandengineering
hierarchy_top_title Faculty of Science and Engineering
hierarchy_parent_id facultyofscienceandengineering
hierarchy_parent_title Faculty of Science and Engineering
department_str School of Engineering and Applied Sciences - Chemical Engineering{{{_:::_}}}Faculty of Science and Engineering{{{_:::_}}}School of Engineering and Applied Sciences - Chemical Engineering
document_store_str 1
active_str 0
description The ability to measure the bulk dynamic behavior of soft materials with combined time and frequency resolution is instrumental for improving our fundamental understanding of connections between the microstructural dynamics and the macroscopic mechanical response. Current state-of-the-art techniques are often limited by a compromise between resolution in the time and frequency domains, mainly due to the use of elementary input signals that have not been designed for fast time-evolving systems such as materials undergoing gelation, curing, or self-healing. In this work, we develop an optimized and robust excitation signal for time-resolved mechanical spectroscopy through the introduction of joint frequency- and amplitude-modulated exponential chirps. Inspired by the biosonar signals of bats and dolphins, we optimize the signal profile to maximize the signal-to-noise ratio while minimizing spectral leakage with a carefully designed modulation of the envelope of the chirp, obtained using a cosine-tapered window function. A combined experimental and numerical investigation reveals that there exists an optimal range of window profiles (around 10% of the total signal length) that minimizes the error with respect to standard single-frequency sweep techniques. The minimum error is set by the noise floor of the instrument, suggesting that the accuracy of an optimally windowed-chirp (OWCh) sequence is directly comparable to that achievable with a standard frequency sweep, while the acquisition time can be reduced by up to 2 orders of magnitude, for comparable spectral content. Finally, we demonstrate the ability of this optimized signal to provide time- and frequency-resolved rheometric data by studying the fast gelation process of an acid-induced protein gel using repeated OWCh pulse sequences. The use of optimally windowed chirps enables a robust time-resolved rheological characterization of a wide range of soft materials undergoing rapid mutation and has the potential to become an invaluable rheometric tool for researchers across different disciplines.
published_date 2018-12-31T03:56:56Z
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