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Cravings for cigarettes and cognitive performance in regular and occasional smokers. / Gareth Mark Davies

Swansea University Author: Gareth Mark Davies

Abstract

"Aim. The primary aim of this thesis was to investigate the reliability and validity of a multi-dimensional subjective measure of cravings for cigarettes - the Questionnaire of Smoking Urges (QSU - Tiffany & Drobes, 1991) in cigarette smokers. Another aim was to investigate the sensitivity...

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Published: 2001
Institution: Swansea University
Degree level: Doctoral
Degree name: Ph.D
URI: https://cronfa.swan.ac.uk/Record/cronfa42549
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first_indexed 2018-08-02T18:54:58Z
last_indexed 2018-08-03T10:10:27Z
id cronfa42549
recordtype RisThesis
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spelling 2018-08-02T16:24:29.6341957 v2 42549 2018-08-02 Cravings for cigarettes and cognitive performance in regular and occasional smokers. 367a7f85eaa64b0c1f07678e68eac960 NULL Gareth Mark Davies Gareth Mark Davies true true 2018-08-02 "Aim. The primary aim of this thesis was to investigate the reliability and validity of a multi-dimensional subjective measure of cravings for cigarettes - the Questionnaire of Smoking Urges (QSU - Tiffany & Drobes, 1991) in cigarette smokers. Another aim was to investigate the sensitivity and utility of objective, behavioural measures of the urge to smoke. Finally, an attempt was made to resolve the controversy as to whether the reported cognitive-enhancing effect of nicotine (e.g. Wesnes & Warburton, 1983) is a pharmacological effect or is instead merely the result of relief from withdrawal. Design. A series of laboratory studies were conducted. Abstinence periods, smoking- related cues, and in one study, pre-treatment with placebo or nicotine gum, were manipulated as independent variables. Two participant groups were used. Participants used in the first four experimental chapters were all regular smokers whereas those used in the final two experimental chapters were all occasional, non-dependant, smokers or tobacco "chippers". Findings. Evidence was found for both the reliability and the validity of the QSU. The QSU was shown to be sensitive to both periods of abstinence and exposure to smoking- related cues. In addition, the QSU was shown to have a reliable two-factor structure and that these two factors were measuring different aspects of cigarette craving. The PR was demonstrated to be an unreliable subjective measure of craving, and attempts to use two alternative measures were unsuccessful. Further, no evidence was found for the cognitive-enhancing effects of nicotine in chippers. Conclusions. The results support the multi-dimensional view of craving, and suggest that the multi-dimensional QSU is a valid and reliable measure of cravings for cigarettes." E-Thesis Clinical psychology.;Cognitive psychology. 31 12 2001 2001-12-31 COLLEGE NANME Psychology COLLEGE CODE Swansea University Doctoral Ph.D 2018-08-02T16:24:29.6341957 2018-08-02T16:24:29.6341957 Faculty of Medicine, Health and Life Sciences School of Psychology Gareth Mark Davies NULL 1 0042549-02082018162503.pdf 10805298.pdf 2018-08-02T16:25:03.2670000 Output 7483339 application/pdf E-Thesis true 2018-08-02T16:25:03.2670000 false
title Cravings for cigarettes and cognitive performance in regular and occasional smokers.
spellingShingle Cravings for cigarettes and cognitive performance in regular and occasional smokers.
Gareth Mark Davies
title_short Cravings for cigarettes and cognitive performance in regular and occasional smokers.
title_full Cravings for cigarettes and cognitive performance in regular and occasional smokers.
title_fullStr Cravings for cigarettes and cognitive performance in regular and occasional smokers.
title_full_unstemmed Cravings for cigarettes and cognitive performance in regular and occasional smokers.
title_sort Cravings for cigarettes and cognitive performance in regular and occasional smokers.
author_id_str_mv 367a7f85eaa64b0c1f07678e68eac960
author_id_fullname_str_mv 367a7f85eaa64b0c1f07678e68eac960_***_Gareth Mark Davies
author Gareth Mark Davies
author2 Gareth Mark Davies
format E-Thesis
publishDate 2001
institution Swansea University
college_str Faculty of Medicine, Health and Life Sciences
hierarchytype
hierarchy_top_id facultyofmedicinehealthandlifesciences
hierarchy_top_title Faculty of Medicine, Health and Life Sciences
hierarchy_parent_id facultyofmedicinehealthandlifesciences
hierarchy_parent_title Faculty of Medicine, Health and Life Sciences
department_str School of Psychology{{{_:::_}}}Faculty of Medicine, Health and Life Sciences{{{_:::_}}}School of Psychology
document_store_str 1
active_str 0
description "Aim. The primary aim of this thesis was to investigate the reliability and validity of a multi-dimensional subjective measure of cravings for cigarettes - the Questionnaire of Smoking Urges (QSU - Tiffany & Drobes, 1991) in cigarette smokers. Another aim was to investigate the sensitivity and utility of objective, behavioural measures of the urge to smoke. Finally, an attempt was made to resolve the controversy as to whether the reported cognitive-enhancing effect of nicotine (e.g. Wesnes & Warburton, 1983) is a pharmacological effect or is instead merely the result of relief from withdrawal. Design. A series of laboratory studies were conducted. Abstinence periods, smoking- related cues, and in one study, pre-treatment with placebo or nicotine gum, were manipulated as independent variables. Two participant groups were used. Participants used in the first four experimental chapters were all regular smokers whereas those used in the final two experimental chapters were all occasional, non-dependant, smokers or tobacco "chippers". Findings. Evidence was found for both the reliability and the validity of the QSU. The QSU was shown to be sensitive to both periods of abstinence and exposure to smoking- related cues. In addition, the QSU was shown to have a reliable two-factor structure and that these two factors were measuring different aspects of cigarette craving. The PR was demonstrated to be an unreliable subjective measure of craving, and attempts to use two alternative measures were unsuccessful. Further, no evidence was found for the cognitive-enhancing effects of nicotine in chippers. Conclusions. The results support the multi-dimensional view of craving, and suggest that the multi-dimensional QSU is a valid and reliable measure of cravings for cigarettes."
published_date 2001-12-31T03:53:11Z
_version_ 1763752637931454464
score 11.01753

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