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Tephrochronology of the Greenland ice-cores and the North Atlantic Region during Marine Isotope Stage 4. / Peter Michael Abbott

Swansea University Author: Peter Michael Abbott

Abstract

The occurrence of several high-magnitude abrupt climatic changes during the last glacial period (~120-10 ka BP) was first recognised within the Greenland deep ice-core records. Subsequent identification of similar climatic variations has demonstrated the potential global significance of these events...

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Published: 2010
Institution: Swansea University
Degree level: Doctoral
Degree name: Ph.D
URI: https://cronfa.swan.ac.uk/Record/cronfa42515
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first_indexed 2018-08-02T18:54:53Z
last_indexed 2018-08-03T10:10:21Z
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spelling 2018-08-02T16:24:29.5249906 v2 42515 2018-08-02 Tephrochronology of the Greenland ice-cores and the North Atlantic Region during Marine Isotope Stage 4. 0d4e3581c5b6336a62f1c6a87413c2e8 NULL Peter Michael Abbott Peter Michael Abbott true true 2018-08-02 The occurrence of several high-magnitude abrupt climatic changes during the last glacial period (~120-10 ka BP) was first recognised within the Greenland deep ice-core records. Subsequent identification of similar climatic variations has demonstrated the potential global significance of these events. Three of these millennial-scale events occurred during Marine Isotope Stage (MIS) 4 (~79-59 ka BP), a period characterised by cooler global temperatures. An understanding of the forcing mechanisms and the environmental responses to these events is currently unattainable due to chronological uncertainties and the inability to precisely synchronise disparate records. Tephrochronology, however, has the potential to facilitate high-precision ice-marine correlations by tracing isochronous horizons between different sequences spanning this period. This potential is demonstrated through the construction of the first tephrochronological framework for MIS 4 within the North Atlantic region. Fourteen cryptotephra horizons are identified within the NGRIP and GRIP ice-cores and the MD04-2822 marine core. Both major and trace element compositions are presented for these previously unknown tephra horizons and form the backbone of this framework. In addition, high-precision, independent age estimates have been assigned to the horizons identified within the ice-core sequences. This framework represents a significant first step towards the regional and potentially hemispheric synchronisation of MIS 4 climatic archives. As well as providing the first evidence for the activity of Icelandic volcanic systems during MIS 4, this framework also demonstrates the widespread dispersal of basaltic-trachybasaltic products from the Jan Mayen volcanic region and potentially the deposition of Japanese volcanic material over Greenland. In addition, investigations of laser ablation inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry have demonstrated that reliable trace element characterisations can be obtained from tephra shards?20 ?m in diameter, which opens up new possibilities for the incorporation of this technique in distal tephra studies. E-Thesis Paleoclimate science. 31 12 2010 2010-12-31 COLLEGE NANME Geography COLLEGE CODE Swansea University Doctoral Ph.D 2018-08-02T16:24:29.5249906 2018-08-02T16:24:29.5249906 Faculty of Science and Engineering School of Biosciences, Geography and Physics - Geography Peter Michael Abbott NULL 1 0042515-02082018162500.pdf 10801745.pdf 2018-08-02T16:25:00.5870000 Output 27872259 application/pdf E-Thesis true 2018-08-02T16:25:00.5870000 false
title Tephrochronology of the Greenland ice-cores and the North Atlantic Region during Marine Isotope Stage 4.
spellingShingle Tephrochronology of the Greenland ice-cores and the North Atlantic Region during Marine Isotope Stage 4.
Peter Michael Abbott
title_short Tephrochronology of the Greenland ice-cores and the North Atlantic Region during Marine Isotope Stage 4.
title_full Tephrochronology of the Greenland ice-cores and the North Atlantic Region during Marine Isotope Stage 4.
title_fullStr Tephrochronology of the Greenland ice-cores and the North Atlantic Region during Marine Isotope Stage 4.
title_full_unstemmed Tephrochronology of the Greenland ice-cores and the North Atlantic Region during Marine Isotope Stage 4.
title_sort Tephrochronology of the Greenland ice-cores and the North Atlantic Region during Marine Isotope Stage 4.
author_id_str_mv 0d4e3581c5b6336a62f1c6a87413c2e8
author_id_fullname_str_mv 0d4e3581c5b6336a62f1c6a87413c2e8_***_Peter Michael Abbott
author Peter Michael Abbott
author2 Peter Michael Abbott
format E-Thesis
publishDate 2010
institution Swansea University
college_str Faculty of Science and Engineering
hierarchytype
hierarchy_top_id facultyofscienceandengineering
hierarchy_top_title Faculty of Science and Engineering
hierarchy_parent_id facultyofscienceandengineering
hierarchy_parent_title Faculty of Science and Engineering
department_str School of Biosciences, Geography and Physics - Geography{{{_:::_}}}Faculty of Science and Engineering{{{_:::_}}}School of Biosciences, Geography and Physics - Geography
document_store_str 1
active_str 0
description The occurrence of several high-magnitude abrupt climatic changes during the last glacial period (~120-10 ka BP) was first recognised within the Greenland deep ice-core records. Subsequent identification of similar climatic variations has demonstrated the potential global significance of these events. Three of these millennial-scale events occurred during Marine Isotope Stage (MIS) 4 (~79-59 ka BP), a period characterised by cooler global temperatures. An understanding of the forcing mechanisms and the environmental responses to these events is currently unattainable due to chronological uncertainties and the inability to precisely synchronise disparate records. Tephrochronology, however, has the potential to facilitate high-precision ice-marine correlations by tracing isochronous horizons between different sequences spanning this period. This potential is demonstrated through the construction of the first tephrochronological framework for MIS 4 within the North Atlantic region. Fourteen cryptotephra horizons are identified within the NGRIP and GRIP ice-cores and the MD04-2822 marine core. Both major and trace element compositions are presented for these previously unknown tephra horizons and form the backbone of this framework. In addition, high-precision, independent age estimates have been assigned to the horizons identified within the ice-core sequences. This framework represents a significant first step towards the regional and potentially hemispheric synchronisation of MIS 4 climatic archives. As well as providing the first evidence for the activity of Icelandic volcanic systems during MIS 4, this framework also demonstrates the widespread dispersal of basaltic-trachybasaltic products from the Jan Mayen volcanic region and potentially the deposition of Japanese volcanic material over Greenland. In addition, investigations of laser ablation inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry have demonstrated that reliable trace element characterisations can be obtained from tephra shards?20 ?m in diameter, which opens up new possibilities for the incorporation of this technique in distal tephra studies.
published_date 2010-12-31T03:53:07Z
_version_ 1763752633756024832
score 11.013148

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