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High-resolution atomic force microscopy and current-voltage characterisation of DNA and protein complexes. / Emma Davies

Swansea University Author: Emma Davies

Abstract

Using the technique of non-contact atomic force microscopy (NC-AFM), the structural properties of DNA and protein complexes were studied at the singlemolecule level and at high-resolution. The electrical properties of these biomolecules were then investigated using an electrode setup. This work focu...

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Published: 2006
Institution: Swansea University
Degree level: Doctoral
Degree name: Ph.D
URI: https://cronfa.swan.ac.uk/Record/cronfa42320
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first_indexed 2018-08-02T18:54:25Z
last_indexed 2018-08-03T10:09:50Z
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spelling 2018-08-02T16:24:28.8229868 v2 42320 2018-08-02 High-resolution atomic force microscopy and current-voltage characterisation of DNA and protein complexes. d3f4a11633c0e206a2249170d625295b NULL Emma Davies Emma Davies true true 2018-08-02 Using the technique of non-contact atomic force microscopy (NC-AFM), the structural properties of DNA and protein complexes were studied at the singlemolecule level and at high-resolution. The electrical properties of these biomolecules were then investigated using an electrode setup. This work focussed on the visualisation of DNA strands, nucleosomes, PUT3 protein and DNA-PUT3 complexes and the effect of protein on the conductivity of DNA. NC-AFM experiments were performed in vacuum and results were compared to tappingmode AFM (TM-AFM) experiments performed in air. The detailed structure of DNA strands 2-kilobase-pairs (kbp) in length, deposited on gold substrates, was observed for the first time using NC-AFM without the need for chemical- anchoring techniques. Measurements made on individual DNA molecules revealed a strand length of 700 nm which was in good agreement with the calculated length of 680 nm for a liner 2-kbp DNA molecule. The average height of the DNA was 1.37 nm compared to 2 nm as determined with X-ray crystallography. Images of nucleosomes on mica revealed unprecedented detail with line profiles indicating peaks of 3-4 nm corresponding to DNA wrapped twice around the nucleosome core. DNA-PUT3 complexes were observed using a very high spring constant cantilever for NC-AFM. The measured diameter of PUT3 was 70 nm with corresponding height ~11 nm. Similar diameters were recorded using TM-AFM but with lower height ~2-2.5 nm. The difference in height is possibly attributed to the non-invasive nature of NC-AFM compared to tapping-mode which may have compressed soft samples into the surface. Current- voltage (I-V) measurements were performed on DNA-PUT3 samples and those prepared in binding buffer gave elevated currents at +5 V (I = 73-115 nA) compared to samples containing an equivalent concentration of DNA prepared with water (I = 0.4-3.6 nA). The presence of binding buffer appeared to improve current readings possibly by interacting with molecules via 'doping' to give to metallic-DNA (M-DNA) or by promoting DNA-PUT3 complex formation. The preferential bonding of DNA-PUT3 complexes to gold electrodes is suggested as a possible interpretation. E-Thesis Electrical engineering.;Bioengineering. 31 12 2006 2006-12-31 COLLEGE NANME Engineering COLLEGE CODE Swansea University Doctoral Ph.D 2018-08-02T16:24:28.8229868 2018-08-02T16:24:28.8229868 Faculty of Science and Engineering School of Engineering and Applied Sciences - Uncategorised Emma Davies NULL 1 0042320-02082018162445.pdf 10798028.pdf 2018-08-02T16:24:45.1870000 Output 23806402 application/pdf E-Thesis true 2018-08-02T16:24:45.1870000 false
title High-resolution atomic force microscopy and current-voltage characterisation of DNA and protein complexes.
spellingShingle High-resolution atomic force microscopy and current-voltage characterisation of DNA and protein complexes.
Emma Davies
title_short High-resolution atomic force microscopy and current-voltage characterisation of DNA and protein complexes.
title_full High-resolution atomic force microscopy and current-voltage characterisation of DNA and protein complexes.
title_fullStr High-resolution atomic force microscopy and current-voltage characterisation of DNA and protein complexes.
title_full_unstemmed High-resolution atomic force microscopy and current-voltage characterisation of DNA and protein complexes.
title_sort High-resolution atomic force microscopy and current-voltage characterisation of DNA and protein complexes.
author_id_str_mv d3f4a11633c0e206a2249170d625295b
author_id_fullname_str_mv d3f4a11633c0e206a2249170d625295b_***_Emma Davies
author Emma Davies
author2 Emma Davies
format E-Thesis
publishDate 2006
institution Swansea University
college_str Faculty of Science and Engineering
hierarchytype
hierarchy_top_id facultyofscienceandengineering
hierarchy_top_title Faculty of Science and Engineering
hierarchy_parent_id facultyofscienceandengineering
hierarchy_parent_title Faculty of Science and Engineering
department_str School of Engineering and Applied Sciences - Uncategorised{{{_:::_}}}Faculty of Science and Engineering{{{_:::_}}}School of Engineering and Applied Sciences - Uncategorised
document_store_str 1
active_str 0
description Using the technique of non-contact atomic force microscopy (NC-AFM), the structural properties of DNA and protein complexes were studied at the singlemolecule level and at high-resolution. The electrical properties of these biomolecules were then investigated using an electrode setup. This work focussed on the visualisation of DNA strands, nucleosomes, PUT3 protein and DNA-PUT3 complexes and the effect of protein on the conductivity of DNA. NC-AFM experiments were performed in vacuum and results were compared to tappingmode AFM (TM-AFM) experiments performed in air. The detailed structure of DNA strands 2-kilobase-pairs (kbp) in length, deposited on gold substrates, was observed for the first time using NC-AFM without the need for chemical- anchoring techniques. Measurements made on individual DNA molecules revealed a strand length of 700 nm which was in good agreement with the calculated length of 680 nm for a liner 2-kbp DNA molecule. The average height of the DNA was 1.37 nm compared to 2 nm as determined with X-ray crystallography. Images of nucleosomes on mica revealed unprecedented detail with line profiles indicating peaks of 3-4 nm corresponding to DNA wrapped twice around the nucleosome core. DNA-PUT3 complexes were observed using a very high spring constant cantilever for NC-AFM. The measured diameter of PUT3 was 70 nm with corresponding height ~11 nm. Similar diameters were recorded using TM-AFM but with lower height ~2-2.5 nm. The difference in height is possibly attributed to the non-invasive nature of NC-AFM compared to tapping-mode which may have compressed soft samples into the surface. Current- voltage (I-V) measurements were performed on DNA-PUT3 samples and those prepared in binding buffer gave elevated currents at +5 V (I = 73-115 nA) compared to samples containing an equivalent concentration of DNA prepared with water (I = 0.4-3.6 nA). The presence of binding buffer appeared to improve current readings possibly by interacting with molecules via 'doping' to give to metallic-DNA (M-DNA) or by promoting DNA-PUT3 complex formation. The preferential bonding of DNA-PUT3 complexes to gold electrodes is suggested as a possible interpretation.
published_date 2006-12-31T03:52:44Z
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score 11.013148

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