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The feeding and movement ecology of yellow baboons (Papio cynocephalus) in a primate rich habitat: The Issa Valley of Western Tanzania. / CASPIAN JOHNSON

Swansea University Author: CASPIAN JOHNSON

Abstract

Baboons are a well studied primate, with extensive data from numerous long-term field sites from various ecological contexts across Africa. Underrepresented in this sample, however, are woodland/forest population. In this thesis I investigated the diet and movement ecology in a woodland/forest popul...

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Published: 2015
Institution: Swansea University
Degree level: Doctoral
Degree name: Ph.D
URI: https://cronfa.swan.ac.uk/Record/cronfa42215
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last_indexed 2020-09-04T03:03:02Z
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spelling 2020-09-03T08:58:20.3355301 v2 42215 2018-08-02 The feeding and movement ecology of yellow baboons (Papio cynocephalus) in a primate rich habitat: The Issa Valley of Western Tanzania. e5a5e376c265e4c2a7618664fbf1372e CASPIAN JOHNSON CASPIAN JOHNSON true false 2018-08-02 Baboons are a well studied primate, with extensive data from numerous long-term field sites from various ecological contexts across Africa. Underrepresented in this sample, however, are woodland/forest population. In this thesis I investigated the diet and movement ecology in a woodland/forest population of yellow baboons (Papio cynocephalus) at the Issa valley of Ugalla, western Tanzania. I begin by describing the diet of Issa baboons using macroscopic faecal analysis. 1 show they selectively exploited the environment according to the availability of fruits, and unlike for their savannah conspecifics, there appeared to be sufficient food alternatives during periods of low fruit availability. Using day path lengths (DPL) 1 examined what factors are important in determining movement of baboons at a continental scale. Using a mixed modelling approach with data from 39 baboon troops form sub-Saharan Africa, I show factors to be important on a continental scale include plant productivity, anthropogenic influence, primate richness and group size. Next, 1 explored the movement ecology of baboons at a local scale in two ways, using baboons at Issa. First I examined the DPL and Path Trajectories (PTs: speed and tortuosity) where I find they moved slower and over shorter distances on warmer days, and slower and more directly when fruit was more abundant. Second I examined patterns of space use within their home ranges (HR). I find sleep site availability and habitat type significantly influence movement within HRs and that the forest habitat is avoided whilst rocky outcrops are preferred. Additionally, I find PTs were predicted by habitat type, with baboons moving faster and straighter through habitats they tended to avoid. Finally, I explored the potential for competition between baboons at Issa with sympatric chimpanzees (Pan troglodytes) by comparing their diet and patterns of habitat use. I show that despite periods of high overlap in fruits consumed, competition between these primates is unlikely to be important due to key dietary differences and differential utilisation of habitat types. E-Thesis Ecology.;Physical anthropology. 31 12 2015 2015-12-31 COLLEGE NANME COLLEGE CODE Swansea University Doctoral Ph.D 2020-09-03T08:58:20.3355301 2018-08-02T16:24:28.4641899 Faculty of Science and Engineering School of Biosciences, Geography and Physics - Biosciences CASPIAN JOHNSON 1 0042215-02082018162437.pdf 10797917.pdf 2018-08-02T16:24:37.1370000 Output 15705156 application/pdf E-Thesis true 2018-08-02T00:00:00.0000000 false
title The feeding and movement ecology of yellow baboons (Papio cynocephalus) in a primate rich habitat: The Issa Valley of Western Tanzania.
spellingShingle The feeding and movement ecology of yellow baboons (Papio cynocephalus) in a primate rich habitat: The Issa Valley of Western Tanzania.
CASPIAN JOHNSON
title_short The feeding and movement ecology of yellow baboons (Papio cynocephalus) in a primate rich habitat: The Issa Valley of Western Tanzania.
title_full The feeding and movement ecology of yellow baboons (Papio cynocephalus) in a primate rich habitat: The Issa Valley of Western Tanzania.
title_fullStr The feeding and movement ecology of yellow baboons (Papio cynocephalus) in a primate rich habitat: The Issa Valley of Western Tanzania.
title_full_unstemmed The feeding and movement ecology of yellow baboons (Papio cynocephalus) in a primate rich habitat: The Issa Valley of Western Tanzania.
title_sort The feeding and movement ecology of yellow baboons (Papio cynocephalus) in a primate rich habitat: The Issa Valley of Western Tanzania.
author_id_str_mv e5a5e376c265e4c2a7618664fbf1372e
author_id_fullname_str_mv e5a5e376c265e4c2a7618664fbf1372e_***_CASPIAN JOHNSON
author CASPIAN JOHNSON
author2 CASPIAN JOHNSON
format E-Thesis
publishDate 2015
institution Swansea University
college_str Faculty of Science and Engineering
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hierarchy_top_id facultyofscienceandengineering
hierarchy_top_title Faculty of Science and Engineering
hierarchy_parent_id facultyofscienceandengineering
hierarchy_parent_title Faculty of Science and Engineering
department_str School of Biosciences, Geography and Physics - Biosciences{{{_:::_}}}Faculty of Science and Engineering{{{_:::_}}}School of Biosciences, Geography and Physics - Biosciences
document_store_str 1
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description Baboons are a well studied primate, with extensive data from numerous long-term field sites from various ecological contexts across Africa. Underrepresented in this sample, however, are woodland/forest population. In this thesis I investigated the diet and movement ecology in a woodland/forest population of yellow baboons (Papio cynocephalus) at the Issa valley of Ugalla, western Tanzania. I begin by describing the diet of Issa baboons using macroscopic faecal analysis. 1 show they selectively exploited the environment according to the availability of fruits, and unlike for their savannah conspecifics, there appeared to be sufficient food alternatives during periods of low fruit availability. Using day path lengths (DPL) 1 examined what factors are important in determining movement of baboons at a continental scale. Using a mixed modelling approach with data from 39 baboon troops form sub-Saharan Africa, I show factors to be important on a continental scale include plant productivity, anthropogenic influence, primate richness and group size. Next, 1 explored the movement ecology of baboons at a local scale in two ways, using baboons at Issa. First I examined the DPL and Path Trajectories (PTs: speed and tortuosity) where I find they moved slower and over shorter distances on warmer days, and slower and more directly when fruit was more abundant. Second I examined patterns of space use within their home ranges (HR). I find sleep site availability and habitat type significantly influence movement within HRs and that the forest habitat is avoided whilst rocky outcrops are preferred. Additionally, I find PTs were predicted by habitat type, with baboons moving faster and straighter through habitats they tended to avoid. Finally, I explored the potential for competition between baboons at Issa with sympatric chimpanzees (Pan troglodytes) by comparing their diet and patterns of habitat use. I show that despite periods of high overlap in fruits consumed, competition between these primates is unlikely to be important due to key dietary differences and differential utilisation of habitat types.
published_date 2015-12-31T03:52:32Z
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score 11.037581

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