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The role of fullerenes in the environmental stability of polymer:fullerene solar cells

Harrison Lee, Andrew M. Telford, Jason A. Röhr, Mark Wyatt Orcid Logo, Beth Rice, Jiaying Wu, Alexandre de Castro Maciel, Sachetan M. Tuladhar, Emily Speller, James McGettrick Orcid Logo, Justin Searle Orcid Logo, Sebastian Pont Orcid Logo, Trystan Watson Orcid Logo, Thomas Kirchartz Orcid Logo, James Durrant Orcid Logo, Wing Chung Tsoi Orcid Logo, Jenny Nelson Orcid Logo, Zhe Li Orcid Logo

Energy & Environmental Science, Volume: 11, Issue: 2, Pages: 417 - 428

Swansea University Authors: Harrison Lee, Mark Wyatt Orcid Logo, Emily Speller, James McGettrick Orcid Logo, Justin Searle Orcid Logo, Trystan Watson Orcid Logo, James Durrant Orcid Logo, Wing Chung Tsoi Orcid Logo, Jenny Nelson Orcid Logo, Zhe Li Orcid Logo

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DOI (Published version): 10.1039/c7ee02983g

Abstract

Environmental stability is a common challenge for the commercialisation of low cost, encapsulation-free organic opto-electronic devices. Understanding the role of materials degradation is the key to address this challenge, but most such studies have been limited to conjugated polymers. Here we quant...

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Published in: Energy & Environmental Science
ISSN: 1754-5692 1754-5706
Published: Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC) 2018
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URI: https://cronfa.swan.ac.uk/Record/cronfa38000
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Understanding the role of materials degradation is the key to address this challenge, but most such studies have been limited to conjugated polymers. Here we quantitatively study the role of the common fullerene derivative PCBM in limiting the stability of benchmark organic solar cells, showing that a minor fraction (&lt;1%) of photo-oxidised PCBM, induced by short exposure to either solar or ambient laboratory lighting conditions in air, consistent with typical processing and operating conditions, is sufficient to compromise device performance severely. We identify the effects of photo-oxidation of PCBM on its chemical structure, and connect this to specific changes in its electronic structure, which significantly alter the electron transport and recombination kinetics. The effect of photo-oxidation on device current&#x2013;voltage characteristics, electron mobility and density of states could all be explained with the same model of photoinduced defects acting as trap states. Our results demonstrate that the photochemical instability of PCBM and chemically similar fullerenes remains a barrier for the commercialisation of organic opto-electronic devices.</abstract><type>Journal Article</type><journal>Energy &amp;amp; Environmental Science</journal><volume>11</volume><journalNumber>2</journalNumber><paginationStart>417</paginationStart><paginationEnd>428</paginationEnd><publisher>Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC)</publisher><placeOfPublication/><isbnPrint/><isbnElectronic/><issnPrint>1754-5692</issnPrint><issnElectronic>1754-5706</issnElectronic><keywords/><publishedDay>10</publishedDay><publishedMonth>1</publishedMonth><publishedYear>2018</publishedYear><publishedDate>2018-01-10</publishedDate><doi>10.1039/c7ee02983g</doi><url>http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c7ee02983g</url><notes/><college>COLLEGE NANME</college><department>Materials Science and Engineering</department><CollegeCode>COLLEGE CODE</CollegeCode><DepartmentCode>MTLS</DepartmentCode><institution>Swansea University</institution><apcterm/><funders/><projectreference/><lastEdited>2023-02-08T17:06:38.1626909</lastEdited><Created>2018-01-11T09:22:23.9174251</Created><path><level id="1">Faculty of Science and Engineering</level><level id="2">School of Engineering and Applied Sciences - Materials Science and Engineering</level></path><authors><author><firstname>Harrison</firstname><surname>Lee</surname><orcid/><order>1</order></author><author><firstname>Andrew M.</firstname><surname>Telford</surname><order>2</order></author><author><firstname>Jason A.</firstname><surname>R&#xF6;hr</surname><order>3</order></author><author><firstname>Mark</firstname><surname>Wyatt</surname><orcid>0000-0003-4107-5941</orcid><order>4</order></author><author><firstname>Beth</firstname><surname>Rice</surname><order>5</order></author><author><firstname>Jiaying</firstname><surname>Wu</surname><order>6</order></author><author><firstname>Alexandre de Castro</firstname><surname>Maciel</surname><order>7</order></author><author><firstname>Sachetan M.</firstname><surname>Tuladhar</surname><order>8</order></author><author><firstname>Emily</firstname><surname>Speller</surname><order>9</order></author><author><firstname>James</firstname><surname>McGettrick</surname><orcid>0000-0002-7719-2958</orcid><order>10</order></author><author><firstname>Justin</firstname><surname>Searle</surname><orcid>0000-0003-1101-075X</orcid><order>11</order></author><author><firstname>Sebastian</firstname><surname>Pont</surname><orcid>0000-0002-0087-9989</orcid><order>12</order></author><author><firstname>Trystan</firstname><surname>Watson</surname><orcid>0000-0002-8015-1436</orcid><order>13</order></author><author><firstname>Thomas</firstname><surname>Kirchartz</surname><orcid>0000-0002-6954-8213</orcid><order>14</order></author><author><firstname>James</firstname><surname>Durrant</surname><orcid>0000-0001-8353-7345</orcid><order>15</order></author><author><firstname>Wing Chung</firstname><surname>Tsoi</surname><orcid>0000-0003-3836-5139</orcid><order>16</order></author><author><firstname>Jenny</firstname><surname>Nelson</surname><orcid>0000-0003-1048-1330</orcid><order>17</order></author><author><firstname>Zhe</firstname><surname>Li</surname><orcid>0000-0002-7404-7448</orcid><order>18</order></author></authors><documents><document><filename>38000__17424__9c23558bcedf408c991a70bb3032949b.pdf</filename><originalFilename>Lee-et-al-EES-manuscript-revised FINAL.pdf</originalFilename><uploaded>2020-06-04T18:12:10.0863039</uploaded><type>Output</type><contentLength>921291</contentLength><contentType>application/pdf</contentType><version>Accepted Manuscript</version><cronfaStatus>true</cronfaStatus><copyrightCorrect>true</copyrightCorrect></document></documents><OutputDurs/></rfc1807>
spelling 2023-02-08T17:06:38.1626909 v2 38000 2018-01-11 The role of fullerenes in the environmental stability of polymer:fullerene solar cells 0ef65494d0dda7f6aea5ead8bb6ce466 Harrison Lee Harrison Lee true false 7bd242b8bee1030a538b429c99913a7d 0000-0003-4107-5941 Mark Wyatt Mark Wyatt true false 9a7858e856150c79630a89d72f101385 Emily Speller Emily Speller true false bdbacc591e2de05180e0fd3cc13fa480 0000-0002-7719-2958 James McGettrick James McGettrick true false 0e3f2c3812f181eaed11c45554d4cdd0 0000-0003-1101-075X Justin Searle Justin Searle true false a210327b52472cfe8df9b8108d661457 0000-0002-8015-1436 Trystan Watson Trystan Watson true false f3dd64bc260e5c07adfa916c27dbd58a 0000-0001-8353-7345 James Durrant James Durrant true false 7e5f541df6635a9a8e1a579ff2de5d56 0000-0003-3836-5139 Wing Chung Tsoi Wing Chung Tsoi true false e0e41c0bb2b9cae677f7fbbf88abe590 0000-0003-1048-1330 Jenny Nelson Jenny Nelson true false 56be57cc8dd661dfdbb921608cf93ded 0000-0002-7404-7448 Zhe Li Zhe Li true false 2018-01-11 MTLS Environmental stability is a common challenge for the commercialisation of low cost, encapsulation-free organic opto-electronic devices. Understanding the role of materials degradation is the key to address this challenge, but most such studies have been limited to conjugated polymers. Here we quantitatively study the role of the common fullerene derivative PCBM in limiting the stability of benchmark organic solar cells, showing that a minor fraction (<1%) of photo-oxidised PCBM, induced by short exposure to either solar or ambient laboratory lighting conditions in air, consistent with typical processing and operating conditions, is sufficient to compromise device performance severely. We identify the effects of photo-oxidation of PCBM on its chemical structure, and connect this to specific changes in its electronic structure, which significantly alter the electron transport and recombination kinetics. The effect of photo-oxidation on device current–voltage characteristics, electron mobility and density of states could all be explained with the same model of photoinduced defects acting as trap states. Our results demonstrate that the photochemical instability of PCBM and chemically similar fullerenes remains a barrier for the commercialisation of organic opto-electronic devices. Journal Article Energy &amp; Environmental Science 11 2 417 428 Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC) 1754-5692 1754-5706 10 1 2018 2018-01-10 10.1039/c7ee02983g http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c7ee02983g COLLEGE NANME Materials Science and Engineering COLLEGE CODE MTLS Swansea University 2023-02-08T17:06:38.1626909 2018-01-11T09:22:23.9174251 Faculty of Science and Engineering School of Engineering and Applied Sciences - Materials Science and Engineering Harrison Lee 1 Andrew M. Telford 2 Jason A. Röhr 3 Mark Wyatt 0000-0003-4107-5941 4 Beth Rice 5 Jiaying Wu 6 Alexandre de Castro Maciel 7 Sachetan M. Tuladhar 8 Emily Speller 9 James McGettrick 0000-0002-7719-2958 10 Justin Searle 0000-0003-1101-075X 11 Sebastian Pont 0000-0002-0087-9989 12 Trystan Watson 0000-0002-8015-1436 13 Thomas Kirchartz 0000-0002-6954-8213 14 James Durrant 0000-0001-8353-7345 15 Wing Chung Tsoi 0000-0003-3836-5139 16 Jenny Nelson 0000-0003-1048-1330 17 Zhe Li 0000-0002-7404-7448 18 38000__17424__9c23558bcedf408c991a70bb3032949b.pdf Lee-et-al-EES-manuscript-revised FINAL.pdf 2020-06-04T18:12:10.0863039 Output 921291 application/pdf Accepted Manuscript true true
title The role of fullerenes in the environmental stability of polymer:fullerene solar cells
spellingShingle The role of fullerenes in the environmental stability of polymer:fullerene solar cells
Harrison Lee
Mark Wyatt
Emily Speller
James McGettrick
Justin Searle
Trystan Watson
James Durrant
Wing Chung Tsoi
Jenny Nelson
Zhe Li
title_short The role of fullerenes in the environmental stability of polymer:fullerene solar cells
title_full The role of fullerenes in the environmental stability of polymer:fullerene solar cells
title_fullStr The role of fullerenes in the environmental stability of polymer:fullerene solar cells
title_full_unstemmed The role of fullerenes in the environmental stability of polymer:fullerene solar cells
title_sort The role of fullerenes in the environmental stability of polymer:fullerene solar cells
author_id_str_mv 0ef65494d0dda7f6aea5ead8bb6ce466
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author_id_fullname_str_mv 0ef65494d0dda7f6aea5ead8bb6ce466_***_Harrison Lee
7bd242b8bee1030a538b429c99913a7d_***_Mark Wyatt
9a7858e856150c79630a89d72f101385_***_Emily Speller
bdbacc591e2de05180e0fd3cc13fa480_***_James McGettrick
0e3f2c3812f181eaed11c45554d4cdd0_***_Justin Searle
a210327b52472cfe8df9b8108d661457_***_Trystan Watson
f3dd64bc260e5c07adfa916c27dbd58a_***_James Durrant
7e5f541df6635a9a8e1a579ff2de5d56_***_Wing Chung Tsoi
e0e41c0bb2b9cae677f7fbbf88abe590_***_Jenny Nelson
56be57cc8dd661dfdbb921608cf93ded_***_Zhe Li
author Harrison Lee
Mark Wyatt
Emily Speller
James McGettrick
Justin Searle
Trystan Watson
James Durrant
Wing Chung Tsoi
Jenny Nelson
Zhe Li
author2 Harrison Lee
Andrew M. Telford
Jason A. Röhr
Mark Wyatt
Beth Rice
Jiaying Wu
Alexandre de Castro Maciel
Sachetan M. Tuladhar
Emily Speller
James McGettrick
Justin Searle
Sebastian Pont
Trystan Watson
Thomas Kirchartz
James Durrant
Wing Chung Tsoi
Jenny Nelson
Zhe Li
format Journal article
container_title Energy &amp; Environmental Science
container_volume 11
container_issue 2
container_start_page 417
publishDate 2018
institution Swansea University
issn 1754-5692
1754-5706
doi_str_mv 10.1039/c7ee02983g
publisher Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC)
college_str Faculty of Science and Engineering
hierarchytype
hierarchy_top_id facultyofscienceandengineering
hierarchy_top_title Faculty of Science and Engineering
hierarchy_parent_id facultyofscienceandengineering
hierarchy_parent_title Faculty of Science and Engineering
department_str School of Engineering and Applied Sciences - Materials Science and Engineering{{{_:::_}}}Faculty of Science and Engineering{{{_:::_}}}School of Engineering and Applied Sciences - Materials Science and Engineering
url http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c7ee02983g
document_store_str 1
active_str 0
description Environmental stability is a common challenge for the commercialisation of low cost, encapsulation-free organic opto-electronic devices. Understanding the role of materials degradation is the key to address this challenge, but most such studies have been limited to conjugated polymers. Here we quantitatively study the role of the common fullerene derivative PCBM in limiting the stability of benchmark organic solar cells, showing that a minor fraction (<1%) of photo-oxidised PCBM, induced by short exposure to either solar or ambient laboratory lighting conditions in air, consistent with typical processing and operating conditions, is sufficient to compromise device performance severely. We identify the effects of photo-oxidation of PCBM on its chemical structure, and connect this to specific changes in its electronic structure, which significantly alter the electron transport and recombination kinetics. The effect of photo-oxidation on device current–voltage characteristics, electron mobility and density of states could all be explained with the same model of photoinduced defects acting as trap states. Our results demonstrate that the photochemical instability of PCBM and chemically similar fullerenes remains a barrier for the commercialisation of organic opto-electronic devices.
published_date 2018-01-10T03:47:59Z
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score 11.036553

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