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Journal article 1114 views 150 downloads

Evaluating Primary Blast Effects In Vitro

Niall J. Logan, Hari Arora Orcid Logo, Claire A. Higgins

Journal of Visualized Experiments, Issue: 127

Swansea University Author: Hari Arora Orcid Logo

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DOI (Published version): 10.3791/55618

Abstract

Exposure to blast events can cause severe trauma to vital organs such as the lungs, ears, and brain. Understanding the mechanisms behind such blast-induced injuries is of great importance considering the recent trend towards the use of explosives in modern warfare and terrorist related incidents. To...

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Published in: Journal of Visualized Experiments
ISSN: 1940-087X
Published: 2017
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URI: https://cronfa.swan.ac.uk/Record/cronfa37120
first_indexed 2017-11-28T20:12:56Z
last_indexed 2018-02-09T05:30:11Z
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spelling 2017-11-28T13:26:45.3072432 v2 37120 2017-11-28 Evaluating Primary Blast Effects In Vitro ed7371c768e9746008a6807f9f7a1555 0000-0002-9790-0907 Hari Arora Hari Arora true false 2017-11-28 EAAS Exposure to blast events can cause severe trauma to vital organs such as the lungs, ears, and brain. Understanding the mechanisms behind such blast-induced injuries is of great importance considering the recent trend towards the use of explosives in modern warfare and terrorist related incidents. To fully understand blast-induced injury, we must first be able to replicate such blast events in a controlled environment using a reproducible method. In this technique using shock tube equipment, shock waves at a range of pressures can be propagated over live cells grown in 2D, and markers of cell viability can be immediately analyzed using a redox indicator assay and the fluorescent imaging of live and dead cells. This method demonstrated that increasing the peak blast overpressure to 127 kPa can stimulate a significant drop in cell viability when compared to untreated controls. Test samples are not limited to adherent cells, but can include cell suspensions, whole-body and tissue samples, through minor modifications to the shock tube setup. Replicating the exact conditions that tissues and cells experience when exposed to a genuine blast event is difficult. Techniques such as the one presented in this article can help to define damage thresholds and identify the transcriptional and epigenetic changes within cells that arise from shock wave exposure. Journal Article Journal of Visualized Experiments 127 1940-087X 18 9 2017 2017-09-18 10.3791/55618 COLLEGE NANME Engineering and Applied Sciences School COLLEGE CODE EAAS Swansea University 2017-11-28T13:26:45.3072432 2017-11-28T13:22:39.1302282 Faculty of Science and Engineering School of Engineering and Applied Sciences - Biomedical Engineering Niall J. Logan 1 Hari Arora 0000-0002-9790-0907 2 Claire A. Higgins 3 0037120-28112017132550.pdf logan2017.pdf 2017-11-28T13:25:50.0200000 Output 588752 application/pdf Version of Record true 2017-11-28T00:00:00.0000000 false eng
title Evaluating Primary Blast Effects In Vitro
spellingShingle Evaluating Primary Blast Effects In Vitro
Hari Arora
title_short Evaluating Primary Blast Effects In Vitro
title_full Evaluating Primary Blast Effects In Vitro
title_fullStr Evaluating Primary Blast Effects In Vitro
title_full_unstemmed Evaluating Primary Blast Effects In Vitro
title_sort Evaluating Primary Blast Effects In Vitro
author_id_str_mv ed7371c768e9746008a6807f9f7a1555
author_id_fullname_str_mv ed7371c768e9746008a6807f9f7a1555_***_Hari Arora
author Hari Arora
author2 Niall J. Logan
Hari Arora
Claire A. Higgins
format Journal article
container_title Journal of Visualized Experiments
container_issue 127
publishDate 2017
institution Swansea University
issn 1940-087X
doi_str_mv 10.3791/55618
college_str Faculty of Science and Engineering
hierarchytype
hierarchy_top_id facultyofscienceandengineering
hierarchy_top_title Faculty of Science and Engineering
hierarchy_parent_id facultyofscienceandengineering
hierarchy_parent_title Faculty of Science and Engineering
department_str School of Engineering and Applied Sciences - Biomedical Engineering{{{_:::_}}}Faculty of Science and Engineering{{{_:::_}}}School of Engineering and Applied Sciences - Biomedical Engineering
document_store_str 1
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description Exposure to blast events can cause severe trauma to vital organs such as the lungs, ears, and brain. Understanding the mechanisms behind such blast-induced injuries is of great importance considering the recent trend towards the use of explosives in modern warfare and terrorist related incidents. To fully understand blast-induced injury, we must first be able to replicate such blast events in a controlled environment using a reproducible method. In this technique using shock tube equipment, shock waves at a range of pressures can be propagated over live cells grown in 2D, and markers of cell viability can be immediately analyzed using a redox indicator assay and the fluorescent imaging of live and dead cells. This method demonstrated that increasing the peak blast overpressure to 127 kPa can stimulate a significant drop in cell viability when compared to untreated controls. Test samples are not limited to adherent cells, but can include cell suspensions, whole-body and tissue samples, through minor modifications to the shock tube setup. Replicating the exact conditions that tissues and cells experience when exposed to a genuine blast event is difficult. Techniques such as the one presented in this article can help to define damage thresholds and identify the transcriptional and epigenetic changes within cells that arise from shock wave exposure.
published_date 2017-09-18T13:20:46Z
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score 11.048042

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