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Highly Consistent Atmospheric Pressure Synthesis of Carbon Nanotube Forests by Mitigation of Moisture Transients

Jinjing Li, Mostafa Bedewy, Alvin Orbaek White Orcid Logo, Erik S. Polsen, Sameh Tawfick, A. John Hart

The Journal of Physical Chemistry C, Volume: 120, Issue: 20, Pages: 11277 - 11287

Swansea University Author: Alvin Orbaek White Orcid Logo

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DOI (Published version): 10.1021/acs.jpcc.6b02878

Abstract

Consistent synthesis of carbon nanotubes (CNTs) using laboratory-scale methods is essential to the development of commercial applications, particularly with respect to the verification of recipes that achieve control of CNT diameter, chirality, alignment, and density. Here, we report that transients...

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Published in: The Journal of Physical Chemistry C
ISSN: 1932-7447 1932-7455
Published: American Chemical Society (ACS) 2016
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URI: https://cronfa.swan.ac.uk/Record/cronfa32877
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spelling 2023-02-02T16:14:47.9024497 v2 32877 2017-03-31 Highly Consistent Atmospheric Pressure Synthesis of Carbon Nanotube Forests by Mitigation of Moisture Transients 8414a23650d4403fdfe1a735dbd2e24e 0000-0001-6338-5970 Alvin Orbaek White Alvin Orbaek White true false 2017-03-31 CHEG Consistent synthesis of carbon nanotubes (CNTs) using laboratory-scale methods is essential to the development of commercial applications, particularly with respect to the verification of recipes that achieve control of CNT diameter, chirality, alignment, and density. Here, we report that transients in the moisture level and carbon concentration during the chemical vapor deposition (CVD) process for vertically aligned CNT “forests” can contribute significantly to run-to-run variation of height and density. Then, we show that highly consistent CNT forest growth can be achieved by physically decoupling the catalyst annealing and hydrocarbon exposure steps, to allow the gas composition to stabilize between the steps. This decoupling is achieved using a magnetically actuated transfer arm to move the substrate rapidly into and out of the CVD reactor. Compared to a reference process where the sample resides in the furnace throughout the process, the decoupled method gives 21% greater CNT forest height, reduces the run-to-run variance of height by 76%, and results in forests with improved vertical alignment (Herman’s orientation parameter of 0.68 compared to 0.50). Building on this foundation, we study the influence of the moisture level during the CNT growth step and find a 30% improvement in growth rate going from the baseline condition (&#60;15 ppm) to 40 ppm. Interestingly, however, the increased moisture concentration does not improve the catalyst lifetime or the CNT forest density, warranting further study of the role of moisture on CNT nucleation versus growth. Journal Article The Journal of Physical Chemistry C 120 20 11277 11287 American Chemical Society (ACS) 1932-7447 1932-7455 26 5 2016 2016-05-26 10.1021/acs.jpcc.6b02878 COLLEGE NANME Chemical Engineering COLLEGE CODE CHEG Swansea University 2023-02-02T16:14:47.9024497 2017-03-31T12:34:50.3630197 Faculty of Science and Engineering School of Engineering and Applied Sciences - Chemical Engineering Jinjing Li 1 Mostafa Bedewy 2 Alvin Orbaek White 0000-0001-6338-5970 3 Erik S. Polsen 4 Sameh Tawfick 5 A. John Hart 6
title Highly Consistent Atmospheric Pressure Synthesis of Carbon Nanotube Forests by Mitigation of Moisture Transients
spellingShingle Highly Consistent Atmospheric Pressure Synthesis of Carbon Nanotube Forests by Mitigation of Moisture Transients
Alvin Orbaek White
title_short Highly Consistent Atmospheric Pressure Synthesis of Carbon Nanotube Forests by Mitigation of Moisture Transients
title_full Highly Consistent Atmospheric Pressure Synthesis of Carbon Nanotube Forests by Mitigation of Moisture Transients
title_fullStr Highly Consistent Atmospheric Pressure Synthesis of Carbon Nanotube Forests by Mitigation of Moisture Transients
title_full_unstemmed Highly Consistent Atmospheric Pressure Synthesis of Carbon Nanotube Forests by Mitigation of Moisture Transients
title_sort Highly Consistent Atmospheric Pressure Synthesis of Carbon Nanotube Forests by Mitigation of Moisture Transients
author_id_str_mv 8414a23650d4403fdfe1a735dbd2e24e
author_id_fullname_str_mv 8414a23650d4403fdfe1a735dbd2e24e_***_Alvin Orbaek White
author Alvin Orbaek White
author2 Jinjing Li
Mostafa Bedewy
Alvin Orbaek White
Erik S. Polsen
Sameh Tawfick
A. John Hart
format Journal article
container_title The Journal of Physical Chemistry C
container_volume 120
container_issue 20
container_start_page 11277
publishDate 2016
institution Swansea University
issn 1932-7447
1932-7455
doi_str_mv 10.1021/acs.jpcc.6b02878
publisher American Chemical Society (ACS)
college_str Faculty of Science and Engineering
hierarchytype
hierarchy_top_id facultyofscienceandengineering
hierarchy_top_title Faculty of Science and Engineering
hierarchy_parent_id facultyofscienceandengineering
hierarchy_parent_title Faculty of Science and Engineering
department_str School of Engineering and Applied Sciences - Chemical Engineering{{{_:::_}}}Faculty of Science and Engineering{{{_:::_}}}School of Engineering and Applied Sciences - Chemical Engineering
document_store_str 0
active_str 0
description Consistent synthesis of carbon nanotubes (CNTs) using laboratory-scale methods is essential to the development of commercial applications, particularly with respect to the verification of recipes that achieve control of CNT diameter, chirality, alignment, and density. Here, we report that transients in the moisture level and carbon concentration during the chemical vapor deposition (CVD) process for vertically aligned CNT “forests” can contribute significantly to run-to-run variation of height and density. Then, we show that highly consistent CNT forest growth can be achieved by physically decoupling the catalyst annealing and hydrocarbon exposure steps, to allow the gas composition to stabilize between the steps. This decoupling is achieved using a magnetically actuated transfer arm to move the substrate rapidly into and out of the CVD reactor. Compared to a reference process where the sample resides in the furnace throughout the process, the decoupled method gives 21% greater CNT forest height, reduces the run-to-run variance of height by 76%, and results in forests with improved vertical alignment (Herman’s orientation parameter of 0.68 compared to 0.50). Building on this foundation, we study the influence of the moisture level during the CNT growth step and find a 30% improvement in growth rate going from the baseline condition (&#60;15 ppm) to 40 ppm. Interestingly, however, the increased moisture concentration does not improve the catalyst lifetime or the CNT forest density, warranting further study of the role of moisture on CNT nucleation versus growth.
published_date 2016-05-26T03:40:26Z
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score 11.013371

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