Impact dynamics of porcine drip bloodstains on fabrics

Williams, Elisabeth; Dodds, Margaret; Taylor, Michael C.; Li, Jingyao; Michielsen, Stephen

doi:10.1016/j.forsciint.2016.02.037

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Impact dynamics of porcine drip bloodstains on fabrics

Elisabeth Williams

, Margaret Dodds, Michael C. Taylor, Jingyao Li, Stephen Michielsen

Forensic Science International, Volume: 262, Pages: 66 - 72

Swansea University Author: Elisabeth Williams

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DOI (Published version): 10.1016/j.forsciint.2016.02.037

Abstract

As a passive blood drop impacts a hard surface, it is observed to collapse and spread laterally, then retract and settle. During the spreading phase, the edge of the drop may rise forming a crown extending into spines and breaking up into secondary drops. When a similar drop falls onto a textile sur...

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Published in:	Forensic Science International
ISSN:	0379-0738
Published:	2016
Online Access:	Check full text
URI:	https://cronfa.swan.ac.uk/Record/cronfa32280
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first_indexed	2017-03-06T14:03:43Z
last_indexed	2018-02-09T05:20:03Z
id	cronfa32280
recordtype	SURis
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spelling	2017-07-10T15:24:17.2551222 v2 32280 2017-03-03 Impact dynamics of porcine drip bloodstains on fabrics 2c5b3af00392058866bfd4af84bef390 0000-0002-8422-5842 Elisabeth Williams Elisabeth Williams true false 2017-03-03 STSC As a passive blood drop impacts a hard surface, it is observed to collapse and spread laterally, then retract and settle. During the spreading phase, the edge of the drop may rise forming a crown extending into spines and breaking up into secondary drops. When a similar drop falls onto a textile surface these same processes may occur, but the process of blood wicking into the fabric complicates stain formation. These processes are described within for passive drip stains collected under controlled conditions using anticoagulated porcine blood. Three stages of this impact process were identified and could be separated into distinct time zones: (1) spreading (time t ≤ 2.5 ms) and (2) retraction (2.5 ≤ t ≤ 12 ms) on the surface with potential splashing at the periphery, and (3) wicking (30 ms ≤ t ≤ 30 min) of the blood into the fabric. Although wetting and wicking may also occur for t < 30 ms, the vast majority of wetting and wicking occur after this time and thus the short-time wicking can be ignored. In addition, the number of satellite stains correlates with the surface roughness with the number of satellites for jersey knit > plain-woven > cardboard. Conversely, the size of the satellite stains correlates with the amount of wicking in the fabric with the satellite stain size for plain-woven > jersey knit > cardboard. Journal Article Forensic Science International 262 66 72 0379-0738 31 5 2016 2016-05-31 10.1016/j.forsciint.2016.02.037 COLLEGE NANME Sport and Exercise Sciences COLLEGE CODE STSC Swansea University 2017-07-10T15:24:17.2551222 2017-03-03T14:12:43.0686098 Elisabeth Williams 0000-0002-8422-5842 1 Margaret Dodds 2 Michael C. Taylor 3 Jingyao Li 4 Stephen Michielsen 5
title	Impact dynamics of porcine drip bloodstains on fabrics
spellingShingle	Impact dynamics of porcine drip bloodstains on fabrics Elisabeth Williams
title_short	Impact dynamics of porcine drip bloodstains on fabrics
title_full	Impact dynamics of porcine drip bloodstains on fabrics
title_fullStr	Impact dynamics of porcine drip bloodstains on fabrics
title_full_unstemmed	Impact dynamics of porcine drip bloodstains on fabrics
title_sort	Impact dynamics of porcine drip bloodstains on fabrics
author_id_str_mv	2c5b3af00392058866bfd4af84bef390
author_id_fullname_str_mv	2c5b3af00392058866bfd4af84bef390_***_Elisabeth Williams
author	Elisabeth Williams
author2	Elisabeth Williams Margaret Dodds Michael C. Taylor Jingyao Li Stephen Michielsen
format	Journal article
container_title	Forensic Science International
container_volume	262
container_start_page	66
publishDate	2016
institution	Swansea University
issn	0379-0738
doi_str_mv	10.1016/j.forsciint.2016.02.037
document_store_str	0
active_str	0
description	As a passive blood drop impacts a hard surface, it is observed to collapse and spread laterally, then retract and settle. During the spreading phase, the edge of the drop may rise forming a crown extending into spines and breaking up into secondary drops. When a similar drop falls onto a textile surface these same processes may occur, but the process of blood wicking into the fabric complicates stain formation. These processes are described within for passive drip stains collected under controlled conditions using anticoagulated porcine blood. Three stages of this impact process were identified and could be separated into distinct time zones: (1) spreading (time t ≤ 2.5 ms) and (2) retraction (2.5 ≤ t ≤ 12 ms) on the surface with potential splashing at the periphery, and (3) wicking (30 ms ≤ t ≤ 30 min) of the blood into the fabric. Although wetting and wicking may also occur for t < 30 ms, the vast majority of wetting and wicking occur after this time and thus the short-time wicking can be ignored. In addition, the number of satellite stains correlates with the surface roughness with the number of satellites for jersey knit > plain-woven > cardboard. Conversely, the size of the satellite stains correlates with the amount of wicking in the fabric with the satellite stain size for plain-woven > jersey knit > cardboard.
published_date	2016-05-31T03:39:32Z
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score	11.037144

Impact dynamics of porcine drip bloodstains on fabrics

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