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Functional responses of cougars (Puma concolor) in a multiple prey-species system

Leroy SORIA-DÍAZ, Mike Fowler Orcid Logo, Octavio MONROY-VILCHIS, Daniel ORO

Integrative Zoology, Volume: 13, Pages: 84 - 93

Swansea University Author: Mike Fowler Orcid Logo

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DOI (Published version): 10.1111/1749-4877.12262

Abstract

The study of predator–prey interactions is commonly analyzed using functional responses to gain an understanding of predation patterns and the impact they have on prey populations. Despite this, little is known about predator–prey systems with multiple prey species in sites near the equator. Here we...

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Published in: Integrative Zoology
ISSN: 17494877
Published: 2018
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URI: https://cronfa.swan.ac.uk/Record/cronfa32098
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spelling 2018-07-10T10:03:17.4291263 v2 32098 2017-02-24 Functional responses of cougars (Puma concolor) in a multiple prey-species system a3a29027498d4b43a3f082a0a5ba16b4 0000-0003-1544-0407 Mike Fowler Mike Fowler true false 2017-02-24 SBI The study of predator–prey interactions is commonly analyzed using functional responses to gain an understanding of predation patterns and the impact they have on prey populations. Despite this, little is known about predator–prey systems with multiple prey species in sites near the equator. Here we studied the functional response of cougars (Puma concolor) in relation to their main prey, armadillo (Dasypus novemcinctus), coati (Nasua narica) and white‐tailed deer (Odocoileus virginianus). Between 2004 and 2010, cougar scats were collected along 5 transects to estimate the consumption of different prey species. A relative abundance index (RAI) was calculated for each prey species and cougar using 18 camera traps. We compared Holling type I, II and III functional response models to determine patterns in prey consumption based on the relative abundance and biomass of each prey species consumed. The 3 main prey species comprised 55% (armadillo), 17% (coati) and 8% (white‐tailed deer) of the diet. Type I and II functional responses described consumption of the 2 most common prey species armadillos and coati similarly well, while a type I response best characterized consumption of white‐tailed deer. A negative correlation between the proportions of armadillo versus coati and white‐tailed deer biomass in cougar scats suggests switching to consume alternative prey, confirming high foraging plasticity of this carnivore. This work represents one of the few studies to compare functional responses across multiple prey species, combined with evidence for prey‐switching at low densities of preferred prey. Journal Article Integrative Zoology 13 84 93 17494877 31 12 2018 2018-12-31 10.1111/1749-4877.12262 COLLEGE NANME Biosciences COLLEGE CODE SBI Swansea University 2018-07-10T10:03:17.4291263 2017-02-24T16:56:28.8925711 Faculty of Science and Engineering School of Biosciences, Geography and Physics - Biosciences Leroy SORIA-DÍAZ 1 Mike Fowler 0000-0003-1544-0407 2 Octavio MONROY-VILCHIS 3 Daniel ORO 4 0032098-10032017135317.pdf SORIADIAZetal2017IntegrativeZoology.pdf 2017-03-10T13:53:17.5300000 Output 1015420 application/pdf Version of Record true 2018-03-06T00:00:00.0000000 true eng
title Functional responses of cougars (Puma concolor) in a multiple prey-species system
spellingShingle Functional responses of cougars (Puma concolor) in a multiple prey-species system
Mike Fowler
title_short Functional responses of cougars (Puma concolor) in a multiple prey-species system
title_full Functional responses of cougars (Puma concolor) in a multiple prey-species system
title_fullStr Functional responses of cougars (Puma concolor) in a multiple prey-species system
title_full_unstemmed Functional responses of cougars (Puma concolor) in a multiple prey-species system
title_sort Functional responses of cougars (Puma concolor) in a multiple prey-species system
author_id_str_mv a3a29027498d4b43a3f082a0a5ba16b4
author_id_fullname_str_mv a3a29027498d4b43a3f082a0a5ba16b4_***_Mike Fowler
author Mike Fowler
author2 Leroy SORIA-DÍAZ
Mike Fowler
Octavio MONROY-VILCHIS
Daniel ORO
format Journal article
container_title Integrative Zoology
container_volume 13
container_start_page 84
publishDate 2018
institution Swansea University
issn 17494877
doi_str_mv 10.1111/1749-4877.12262
college_str Faculty of Science and Engineering
hierarchytype
hierarchy_top_id facultyofscienceandengineering
hierarchy_top_title Faculty of Science and Engineering
hierarchy_parent_id facultyofscienceandengineering
hierarchy_parent_title Faculty of Science and Engineering
department_str School of Biosciences, Geography and Physics - Biosciences{{{_:::_}}}Faculty of Science and Engineering{{{_:::_}}}School of Biosciences, Geography and Physics - Biosciences
document_store_str 1
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description The study of predator–prey interactions is commonly analyzed using functional responses to gain an understanding of predation patterns and the impact they have on prey populations. Despite this, little is known about predator–prey systems with multiple prey species in sites near the equator. Here we studied the functional response of cougars (Puma concolor) in relation to their main prey, armadillo (Dasypus novemcinctus), coati (Nasua narica) and white‐tailed deer (Odocoileus virginianus). Between 2004 and 2010, cougar scats were collected along 5 transects to estimate the consumption of different prey species. A relative abundance index (RAI) was calculated for each prey species and cougar using 18 camera traps. We compared Holling type I, II and III functional response models to determine patterns in prey consumption based on the relative abundance and biomass of each prey species consumed. The 3 main prey species comprised 55% (armadillo), 17% (coati) and 8% (white‐tailed deer) of the diet. Type I and II functional responses described consumption of the 2 most common prey species armadillos and coati similarly well, while a type I response best characterized consumption of white‐tailed deer. A negative correlation between the proportions of armadillo versus coati and white‐tailed deer biomass in cougar scats suggests switching to consume alternative prey, confirming high foraging plasticity of this carnivore. This work represents one of the few studies to compare functional responses across multiple prey species, combined with evidence for prey‐switching at low densities of preferred prey.
published_date 2018-12-31T03:39:17Z
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