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Fat mass and obesity associated (FTO) gene influences skeletal muscle phenotypes in non-resistance trained males and elite rugby playing position

Shane Heffernan Orcid Logo, G. K. Stebbings, Liam Kilduff Orcid Logo, R. M. Erskine, S. H. Day, C. I. Morse, J. S. McPhee, C. J. Cook, B. Vance, W. J. Ribbans, S. M. Raleigh, C. Roberts, M. A. Bennett, G. Wang, M. Collins, Y. P. Pitsiladis, A. G. Williams

BMC Genetics, Volume: 18, Issue: 1

Swansea University Authors: Shane Heffernan Orcid Logo, Liam Kilduff Orcid Logo

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DOI (Published version): 10.1186/s12863-017-0470-1

Abstract

BackgroundFTO gene variants have been associated with obesity phenotypes in sedentary and obese populations, but rarely with skeletal muscle and elite athlete phenotypes.MethodsIn 1089 participants, comprising 530 elite rugby athletes and 559 non-athletes, DNA was collected and genotyped for the FTO...

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Published in: BMC Genetics
ISSN: 1471-2156 1471-2156
Published: 2017
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In a subgroup of non-resistance trained individuals (NT; n&#x2009;=&#x2009;120), we also assessed structural and functional skeletal muscle phenotypes using dual energy x-ray absorptiometry, ultrasound and isokinetic dynamometry. In a subgroup of rugby athletes (n&#x2009;=&#x2009;77), we assessed muscle power during a countermovement jump.ResultsIn NT, TT genotype and T allele carriers had greater total body (4.8% and 4.1%) and total appendicular lean mass (LM; 3.0% and 2.1%) compared to AA genotype, with greater arm LM (0.8%) in T allele carriers and leg LM (2.1%) for TT, compared to AA genotype. Furthermore, the T allele was more common (94%) in selected elite rugby union athletes (back three and centre players) who are most reliant on LM rather than total body mass for success, compared to other rugby athletes (82%; P&#x2009;=&#x2009;0.01, OR&#x2009;=&#x2009;3.34) and controls (84%; P&#x2009;=&#x2009;0.03, OR&#x2009;=&#x2009;2.88). Accordingly, these athletes had greater peak power relative to body mass than other rugby athletes (14%; P&#x2009;=&#x2009;2 x 10-6).ConclusionCollectively, these results suggest that the T allele is associated with increased LM and elite athletic success. 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K.</firstname><surname>Stebbings</surname><order>2</order></author><author><firstname>Liam</firstname><surname>Kilduff</surname><orcid>0000-0001-9449-2293</orcid><order>3</order></author><author><firstname>R. M.</firstname><surname>Erskine</surname><order>4</order></author><author><firstname>S. H.</firstname><surname>Day</surname><order>5</order></author><author><firstname>C. I.</firstname><surname>Morse</surname><order>6</order></author><author><firstname>J. S.</firstname><surname>McPhee</surname><order>7</order></author><author><firstname>C. J.</firstname><surname>Cook</surname><order>8</order></author><author><firstname>B.</firstname><surname>Vance</surname><order>9</order></author><author><firstname>W. J.</firstname><surname>Ribbans</surname><order>10</order></author><author><firstname>S. M.</firstname><surname>Raleigh</surname><order>11</order></author><author><firstname>C.</firstname><surname>Roberts</surname><order>12</order></author><author><firstname>M. 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spelling 2021-01-14T13:49:36.7573810 v2 31717 2017-01-23 Fat mass and obesity associated (FTO) gene influences skeletal muscle phenotypes in non-resistance trained males and elite rugby playing position 72c0b36891dfbec0378c0d0f7916e807 0000-0002-3297-9335 Shane Heffernan Shane Heffernan true false 972ed9a1dda7a0de20581a0f8350be98 0000-0001-9449-2293 Liam Kilduff Liam Kilduff true false 2017-01-23 STSC BackgroundFTO gene variants have been associated with obesity phenotypes in sedentary and obese populations, but rarely with skeletal muscle and elite athlete phenotypes.MethodsIn 1089 participants, comprising 530 elite rugby athletes and 559 non-athletes, DNA was collected and genotyped for the FTO rs9939609 variant using real-time PCR. In a subgroup of non-resistance trained individuals (NT; n = 120), we also assessed structural and functional skeletal muscle phenotypes using dual energy x-ray absorptiometry, ultrasound and isokinetic dynamometry. In a subgroup of rugby athletes (n = 77), we assessed muscle power during a countermovement jump.ResultsIn NT, TT genotype and T allele carriers had greater total body (4.8% and 4.1%) and total appendicular lean mass (LM; 3.0% and 2.1%) compared to AA genotype, with greater arm LM (0.8%) in T allele carriers and leg LM (2.1%) for TT, compared to AA genotype. Furthermore, the T allele was more common (94%) in selected elite rugby union athletes (back three and centre players) who are most reliant on LM rather than total body mass for success, compared to other rugby athletes (82%; P = 0.01, OR = 3.34) and controls (84%; P = 0.03, OR = 2.88). Accordingly, these athletes had greater peak power relative to body mass than other rugby athletes (14%; P = 2 x 10-6).ConclusionCollectively, these results suggest that the T allele is associated with increased LM and elite athletic success. This has implications for athletic populations, as well as conditions characterised by low LM such as sarcopenia and cachexia. Journal Article BMC Genetics 18 1 1471-2156 1471-2156 RugbyGene project, IRX3, Lean mass 19 1 2017 2017-01-19 10.1186/s12863-017-0470-1 COLLEGE NANME Sport and Exercise Sciences COLLEGE CODE STSC Swansea University 2021-01-14T13:49:36.7573810 2017-01-23T09:52:41.0043535 Faculty of Science and Engineering School of Aerospace, Civil, Electrical, General and Mechanical Engineering - Sport and Exercise Sciences Shane Heffernan 0000-0002-3297-9335 1 G. K. Stebbings 2 Liam Kilduff 0000-0001-9449-2293 3 R. M. Erskine 4 S. H. Day 5 C. I. Morse 6 J. S. McPhee 7 C. J. Cook 8 B. Vance 9 W. J. Ribbans 10 S. M. Raleigh 11 C. Roberts 12 M. A. Bennett 13 G. Wang 14 M. Collins 15 Y. P. Pitsiladis 16 A. G. Williams 17 31717__4621__f45fe309f34845599276b00c027f20c9.pdf heffernan2017.pdf 2017-01-23T09:54:08.9900000 Output 502524 application/pdf Version of Record true 2017-01-23T00:00:00.0000000 This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver (http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated. true http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
title Fat mass and obesity associated (FTO) gene influences skeletal muscle phenotypes in non-resistance trained males and elite rugby playing position
spellingShingle Fat mass and obesity associated (FTO) gene influences skeletal muscle phenotypes in non-resistance trained males and elite rugby playing position
Shane Heffernan
Liam Kilduff
title_short Fat mass and obesity associated (FTO) gene influences skeletal muscle phenotypes in non-resistance trained males and elite rugby playing position
title_full Fat mass and obesity associated (FTO) gene influences skeletal muscle phenotypes in non-resistance trained males and elite rugby playing position
title_fullStr Fat mass and obesity associated (FTO) gene influences skeletal muscle phenotypes in non-resistance trained males and elite rugby playing position
title_full_unstemmed Fat mass and obesity associated (FTO) gene influences skeletal muscle phenotypes in non-resistance trained males and elite rugby playing position
title_sort Fat mass and obesity associated (FTO) gene influences skeletal muscle phenotypes in non-resistance trained males and elite rugby playing position
author_id_str_mv 72c0b36891dfbec0378c0d0f7916e807
972ed9a1dda7a0de20581a0f8350be98
author_id_fullname_str_mv 72c0b36891dfbec0378c0d0f7916e807_***_Shane Heffernan
972ed9a1dda7a0de20581a0f8350be98_***_Liam Kilduff
author Shane Heffernan
Liam Kilduff
author2 Shane Heffernan
G. K. Stebbings
Liam Kilduff
R. M. Erskine
S. H. Day
C. I. Morse
J. S. McPhee
C. J. Cook
B. Vance
W. J. Ribbans
S. M. Raleigh
C. Roberts
M. A. Bennett
G. Wang
M. Collins
Y. P. Pitsiladis
A. G. Williams
format Journal article
container_title BMC Genetics
container_volume 18
container_issue 1
publishDate 2017
institution Swansea University
issn 1471-2156
1471-2156
doi_str_mv 10.1186/s12863-017-0470-1
college_str Faculty of Science and Engineering
hierarchytype
hierarchy_top_id facultyofscienceandengineering
hierarchy_top_title Faculty of Science and Engineering
hierarchy_parent_id facultyofscienceandengineering
hierarchy_parent_title Faculty of Science and Engineering
department_str School of Aerospace, Civil, Electrical, General and Mechanical Engineering - Sport and Exercise Sciences{{{_:::_}}}Faculty of Science and Engineering{{{_:::_}}}School of Aerospace, Civil, Electrical, General and Mechanical Engineering - Sport and Exercise Sciences
document_store_str 1
active_str 0
description BackgroundFTO gene variants have been associated with obesity phenotypes in sedentary and obese populations, but rarely with skeletal muscle and elite athlete phenotypes.MethodsIn 1089 participants, comprising 530 elite rugby athletes and 559 non-athletes, DNA was collected and genotyped for the FTO rs9939609 variant using real-time PCR. In a subgroup of non-resistance trained individuals (NT; n = 120), we also assessed structural and functional skeletal muscle phenotypes using dual energy x-ray absorptiometry, ultrasound and isokinetic dynamometry. In a subgroup of rugby athletes (n = 77), we assessed muscle power during a countermovement jump.ResultsIn NT, TT genotype and T allele carriers had greater total body (4.8% and 4.1%) and total appendicular lean mass (LM; 3.0% and 2.1%) compared to AA genotype, with greater arm LM (0.8%) in T allele carriers and leg LM (2.1%) for TT, compared to AA genotype. Furthermore, the T allele was more common (94%) in selected elite rugby union athletes (back three and centre players) who are most reliant on LM rather than total body mass for success, compared to other rugby athletes (82%; P = 0.01, OR = 3.34) and controls (84%; P = 0.03, OR = 2.88). Accordingly, these athletes had greater peak power relative to body mass than other rugby athletes (14%; P = 2 x 10-6).ConclusionCollectively, these results suggest that the T allele is associated with increased LM and elite athletic success. This has implications for athletic populations, as well as conditions characterised by low LM such as sarcopenia and cachexia.
published_date 2017-01-19T03:38:44Z
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score 11.013082

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