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Movement Demands of Elite Under-20s and Senior International Rugby Union Players

Karen Hind, Daniel J. Cunningham, David A. Shearer, Scott Drawer, Ben Pollard, Robin Eager, Neil Taylor, Christian J. Cook, Liam Kilduff Orcid Logo

PLOS ONE, Volume: 11, Issue: 11, Start page: e0164990

Swansea University Author: Liam Kilduff Orcid Logo

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DOI (Published version): 10.1371/journal.pone.0164990

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This study compared the movement demands of elite international Under-20 age grade (U20s) and senior international rugby union players during competitive tournament match play. Forty elite professional players from an U20 and 27 elite professional senior players from international performance squads...

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Published in: PLOS ONE
ISSN: 1932-6203
Published: 2016
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fullrecord <?xml version="1.0"?><rfc1807><datestamp>2017-07-07T14:11:47.9891455</datestamp><bib-version>v2</bib-version><id>30852</id><entry>2016-10-26</entry><title>Movement Demands of Elite Under-20s and Senior International Rugby Union Players</title><swanseaauthors><author><sid>972ed9a1dda7a0de20581a0f8350be98</sid><ORCID>0000-0001-9449-2293</ORCID><firstname>Liam</firstname><surname>Kilduff</surname><name>Liam Kilduff</name><active>true</active><ethesisStudent>false</ethesisStudent></author></swanseaauthors><date>2016-10-26</date><deptcode>STSC</deptcode><abstract>This study compared the movement demands of elite international Under-20 age grade (U20s) and senior international rugby union players during competitive tournament match play. Forty elite professional players from an U20 and 27 elite professional senior players from international performance squads were monitored using 10Hz global positioning systems (GPS) during 15 (U20s) and 8 (senior) international tournament matches during the 2014 and 2015 seasons. Data on distances, velocities, accelerations, decelerations, high metabolic load (HML) distance and efforts, and number of sprints were derived. Data files from players who played over 60 min (n = 258) were separated firstly into Forwards and Backs, and more specifically into six positional groups; FR&#x2013;Front Row (prop &amp; hooker), SR&#x2013;Second Row, BR&#x2013;Back Row (Flankers &amp; No.8), HB&#x2013;Half Backs (scrum half &amp; outside half), MF&#x2013;Midfield (centres), B3 &#x2013;Back Three (wings &amp; full back) for match analysis. Linear mixed models revealed significant differences between U20 and senior teams in both the forwards and backs. In the forwards the seniors covered greater HML distance (736.4 &#xB1; 280.3 vs 701.3 &#xB1; 198.7m, p = 0.01) and severe decelerations (2.38 &#xB1; 2.2 vs 2.28 &#xB1; 1.65, p = 0.05) compared to the U20s, but performed less relative HSR (3.1 &#xB1; 1.6 vs 3.2 &#xB1; 1.5, p &lt; 0.01), moderate (19.4 &#xB1; 10.5 vs 23.6 &#xB1; 10.5, p = 0.01) and high accelerations (2.2 &#xB1; 1.9 vs 4.3 &#xB1; 2.7, p &lt; 0.01) and sprint&#x2022;min-1 (0.11 &#xB1; 0.06 vs 0.11 &#xB1; 0.05, p &lt; 0.01). Senior backs covered a greater relative distance (73.3 &#xB1; 8.1 vs 69.1 &#xB1; 7.6 m&#x2022;min-1, p &lt; 0.01), greater High Metabolic Load (HML) distance (1138.0 &#xB1; 233.5 vs 1060.4 &#xB1; 218.1m, p &lt; 0.01), HML efforts (112.7 &#xB1; 22.2 vs 98.8 &#xB1; 21.7, p &lt; 0.01) and heavy decelerations (9.9 &#xB1; 4.3 vs 9.5 &#xB1; 4.4, p = 0.04) than the U20s backs. However, the U20s backs performed more relative HSR (7.3 &#xB1; 2.1 vs 7.2 &#xB1; 2.1, p &lt;0.01) and sprint&#x2022;min-1 (0.26 &#xB1; 0.07 vs 0.25 &#xB1; 0.07, p &lt; 0.01). Further investigation highlighted differences between the 6 positional groups of the teams. The positional groups that differed the most on the variables measured were the FR and MF groups, with the U20s FR having higher outputs on HSR, moderate &amp; high accelerations, moderate, high &amp; severe decelerations, HML distance, HML efforts, and sprints&#x2022;min-1. For the MF group the senior players produced greater values for relative distance covered, HSR, moderate decelerations, HML distance and sprint&#x2022;min-1. The BR position group was most similar with the only differences seen on heavy accelerations (U20s higher) and moderate decelerations (seniors higher). Findings demonstrate that U20s internationals appear to be an adequate &#x2018;stepping stone&#x2019; for preparing players for movement characteristics found senior International rugby, however, the current study highlight for the first time that certain positional groups may require more time to be able to match the movement demands required at a higher playing level than others. Conditioning staff must also bear in mind that the U20s players whilst maintaining or improving match movement capabilities may require to gain substantial mass in some positions to match their senior counterparts.</abstract><type>Journal Article</type><journal>PLOS ONE</journal><volume>11</volume><journalNumber>11</journalNumber><paginationStart>e0164990</paginationStart><publisher/><issnElectronic>1932-6203</issnElectronic><keywords/><publishedDay>8</publishedDay><publishedMonth>11</publishedMonth><publishedYear>2016</publishedYear><publishedDate>2016-11-08</publishedDate><doi>10.1371/journal.pone.0164990</doi><url/><notes/><college>COLLEGE NANME</college><department>Sport and Exercise Sciences</department><CollegeCode>COLLEGE CODE</CollegeCode><DepartmentCode>STSC</DepartmentCode><institution>Swansea University</institution><apcterm/><lastEdited>2017-07-07T14:11:47.9891455</lastEdited><Created>2016-10-26T13:51:12.4547106</Created><path><level id="1">Faculty of Science and Engineering</level><level id="2">School of Aerospace, Civil, Electrical, General and Mechanical Engineering - Sport and Exercise Sciences</level></path><authors><author><firstname>Karen</firstname><surname>Hind</surname><order>1</order></author><author><firstname>Daniel J.</firstname><surname>Cunningham</surname><order>2</order></author><author><firstname>David A.</firstname><surname>Shearer</surname><order>3</order></author><author><firstname>Scott</firstname><surname>Drawer</surname><order>4</order></author><author><firstname>Ben</firstname><surname>Pollard</surname><order>5</order></author><author><firstname>Robin</firstname><surname>Eager</surname><order>6</order></author><author><firstname>Neil</firstname><surname>Taylor</surname><order>7</order></author><author><firstname>Christian J.</firstname><surname>Cook</surname><order>8</order></author><author><firstname>Liam</firstname><surname>Kilduff</surname><orcid>0000-0001-9449-2293</orcid><order>9</order></author></authors><documents><document><filename>0030852-11112016152423.pdf</filename><originalFilename>cunningham2016.pdf</originalFilename><uploaded>2016-11-11T15:24:23.3000000</uploaded><type>Output</type><contentLength>638670</contentLength><contentType>application/pdf</contentType><version>Version of Record</version><cronfaStatus>true</cronfaStatus><embargoDate>2016-11-11T00:00:00.0000000</embargoDate><copyrightCorrect>false</copyrightCorrect></document></documents><OutputDurs/></rfc1807>
spelling 2017-07-07T14:11:47.9891455 v2 30852 2016-10-26 Movement Demands of Elite Under-20s and Senior International Rugby Union Players 972ed9a1dda7a0de20581a0f8350be98 0000-0001-9449-2293 Liam Kilduff Liam Kilduff true false 2016-10-26 STSC This study compared the movement demands of elite international Under-20 age grade (U20s) and senior international rugby union players during competitive tournament match play. Forty elite professional players from an U20 and 27 elite professional senior players from international performance squads were monitored using 10Hz global positioning systems (GPS) during 15 (U20s) and 8 (senior) international tournament matches during the 2014 and 2015 seasons. Data on distances, velocities, accelerations, decelerations, high metabolic load (HML) distance and efforts, and number of sprints were derived. Data files from players who played over 60 min (n = 258) were separated firstly into Forwards and Backs, and more specifically into six positional groups; FR–Front Row (prop & hooker), SR–Second Row, BR–Back Row (Flankers & No.8), HB–Half Backs (scrum half & outside half), MF–Midfield (centres), B3 –Back Three (wings & full back) for match analysis. Linear mixed models revealed significant differences between U20 and senior teams in both the forwards and backs. In the forwards the seniors covered greater HML distance (736.4 ± 280.3 vs 701.3 ± 198.7m, p = 0.01) and severe decelerations (2.38 ± 2.2 vs 2.28 ± 1.65, p = 0.05) compared to the U20s, but performed less relative HSR (3.1 ± 1.6 vs 3.2 ± 1.5, p < 0.01), moderate (19.4 ± 10.5 vs 23.6 ± 10.5, p = 0.01) and high accelerations (2.2 ± 1.9 vs 4.3 ± 2.7, p < 0.01) and sprint•min-1 (0.11 ± 0.06 vs 0.11 ± 0.05, p < 0.01). Senior backs covered a greater relative distance (73.3 ± 8.1 vs 69.1 ± 7.6 m•min-1, p < 0.01), greater High Metabolic Load (HML) distance (1138.0 ± 233.5 vs 1060.4 ± 218.1m, p < 0.01), HML efforts (112.7 ± 22.2 vs 98.8 ± 21.7, p < 0.01) and heavy decelerations (9.9 ± 4.3 vs 9.5 ± 4.4, p = 0.04) than the U20s backs. However, the U20s backs performed more relative HSR (7.3 ± 2.1 vs 7.2 ± 2.1, p <0.01) and sprint•min-1 (0.26 ± 0.07 vs 0.25 ± 0.07, p < 0.01). Further investigation highlighted differences between the 6 positional groups of the teams. The positional groups that differed the most on the variables measured were the FR and MF groups, with the U20s FR having higher outputs on HSR, moderate & high accelerations, moderate, high & severe decelerations, HML distance, HML efforts, and sprints•min-1. For the MF group the senior players produced greater values for relative distance covered, HSR, moderate decelerations, HML distance and sprint•min-1. The BR position group was most similar with the only differences seen on heavy accelerations (U20s higher) and moderate decelerations (seniors higher). Findings demonstrate that U20s internationals appear to be an adequate ‘stepping stone’ for preparing players for movement characteristics found senior International rugby, however, the current study highlight for the first time that certain positional groups may require more time to be able to match the movement demands required at a higher playing level than others. Conditioning staff must also bear in mind that the U20s players whilst maintaining or improving match movement capabilities may require to gain substantial mass in some positions to match their senior counterparts. Journal Article PLOS ONE 11 11 e0164990 1932-6203 8 11 2016 2016-11-08 10.1371/journal.pone.0164990 COLLEGE NANME Sport and Exercise Sciences COLLEGE CODE STSC Swansea University 2017-07-07T14:11:47.9891455 2016-10-26T13:51:12.4547106 Faculty of Science and Engineering School of Aerospace, Civil, Electrical, General and Mechanical Engineering - Sport and Exercise Sciences Karen Hind 1 Daniel J. Cunningham 2 David A. Shearer 3 Scott Drawer 4 Ben Pollard 5 Robin Eager 6 Neil Taylor 7 Christian J. Cook 8 Liam Kilduff 0000-0001-9449-2293 9 0030852-11112016152423.pdf cunningham2016.pdf 2016-11-11T15:24:23.3000000 Output 638670 application/pdf Version of Record true 2016-11-11T00:00:00.0000000 false
title Movement Demands of Elite Under-20s and Senior International Rugby Union Players
spellingShingle Movement Demands of Elite Under-20s and Senior International Rugby Union Players
Liam Kilduff
title_short Movement Demands of Elite Under-20s and Senior International Rugby Union Players
title_full Movement Demands of Elite Under-20s and Senior International Rugby Union Players
title_fullStr Movement Demands of Elite Under-20s and Senior International Rugby Union Players
title_full_unstemmed Movement Demands of Elite Under-20s and Senior International Rugby Union Players
title_sort Movement Demands of Elite Under-20s and Senior International Rugby Union Players
author_id_str_mv 972ed9a1dda7a0de20581a0f8350be98
author_id_fullname_str_mv 972ed9a1dda7a0de20581a0f8350be98_***_Liam Kilduff
author Liam Kilduff
author2 Karen Hind
Daniel J. Cunningham
David A. Shearer
Scott Drawer
Ben Pollard
Robin Eager
Neil Taylor
Christian J. Cook
Liam Kilduff
format Journal article
container_title PLOS ONE
container_volume 11
container_issue 11
container_start_page e0164990
publishDate 2016
institution Swansea University
issn 1932-6203
doi_str_mv 10.1371/journal.pone.0164990
college_str Faculty of Science and Engineering
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hierarchy_top_id facultyofscienceandengineering
hierarchy_top_title Faculty of Science and Engineering
hierarchy_parent_id facultyofscienceandengineering
hierarchy_parent_title Faculty of Science and Engineering
department_str School of Aerospace, Civil, Electrical, General and Mechanical Engineering - Sport and Exercise Sciences{{{_:::_}}}Faculty of Science and Engineering{{{_:::_}}}School of Aerospace, Civil, Electrical, General and Mechanical Engineering - Sport and Exercise Sciences
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description This study compared the movement demands of elite international Under-20 age grade (U20s) and senior international rugby union players during competitive tournament match play. Forty elite professional players from an U20 and 27 elite professional senior players from international performance squads were monitored using 10Hz global positioning systems (GPS) during 15 (U20s) and 8 (senior) international tournament matches during the 2014 and 2015 seasons. Data on distances, velocities, accelerations, decelerations, high metabolic load (HML) distance and efforts, and number of sprints were derived. Data files from players who played over 60 min (n = 258) were separated firstly into Forwards and Backs, and more specifically into six positional groups; FR–Front Row (prop & hooker), SR–Second Row, BR–Back Row (Flankers & No.8), HB–Half Backs (scrum half & outside half), MF–Midfield (centres), B3 –Back Three (wings & full back) for match analysis. Linear mixed models revealed significant differences between U20 and senior teams in both the forwards and backs. In the forwards the seniors covered greater HML distance (736.4 ± 280.3 vs 701.3 ± 198.7m, p = 0.01) and severe decelerations (2.38 ± 2.2 vs 2.28 ± 1.65, p = 0.05) compared to the U20s, but performed less relative HSR (3.1 ± 1.6 vs 3.2 ± 1.5, p < 0.01), moderate (19.4 ± 10.5 vs 23.6 ± 10.5, p = 0.01) and high accelerations (2.2 ± 1.9 vs 4.3 ± 2.7, p < 0.01) and sprint•min-1 (0.11 ± 0.06 vs 0.11 ± 0.05, p < 0.01). Senior backs covered a greater relative distance (73.3 ± 8.1 vs 69.1 ± 7.6 m•min-1, p < 0.01), greater High Metabolic Load (HML) distance (1138.0 ± 233.5 vs 1060.4 ± 218.1m, p < 0.01), HML efforts (112.7 ± 22.2 vs 98.8 ± 21.7, p < 0.01) and heavy decelerations (9.9 ± 4.3 vs 9.5 ± 4.4, p = 0.04) than the U20s backs. However, the U20s backs performed more relative HSR (7.3 ± 2.1 vs 7.2 ± 2.1, p <0.01) and sprint•min-1 (0.26 ± 0.07 vs 0.25 ± 0.07, p < 0.01). Further investigation highlighted differences between the 6 positional groups of the teams. The positional groups that differed the most on the variables measured were the FR and MF groups, with the U20s FR having higher outputs on HSR, moderate & high accelerations, moderate, high & severe decelerations, HML distance, HML efforts, and sprints•min-1. For the MF group the senior players produced greater values for relative distance covered, HSR, moderate decelerations, HML distance and sprint•min-1. The BR position group was most similar with the only differences seen on heavy accelerations (U20s higher) and moderate decelerations (seniors higher). Findings demonstrate that U20s internationals appear to be an adequate ‘stepping stone’ for preparing players for movement characteristics found senior International rugby, however, the current study highlight for the first time that certain positional groups may require more time to be able to match the movement demands required at a higher playing level than others. Conditioning staff must also bear in mind that the U20s players whilst maintaining or improving match movement capabilities may require to gain substantial mass in some positions to match their senior counterparts.
published_date 2016-11-08T03:37:37Z
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