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Annual down-glacier drainage of lakes and water-filled crevasses at Helheim Glacier, southeast Greenland

Alistair Everett, Tavi Murray Orcid Logo, Nick Selmes Orcid Logo, I. C. Rutt, Adrian Luckman Orcid Logo, Jonathan James, C. Clason, M. O'Leary, Harshinie Karunarathna Orcid Logo, V. Moloney, Dominic Reeve Orcid Logo

Journal of Geophysical Research: Earth Surface, Volume: 121, Issue: 10, Pages: 1819 - 1833

Swansea University Authors: Alistair Everett, Tavi Murray Orcid Logo, Nick Selmes Orcid Logo, Adrian Luckman Orcid Logo, Jonathan James, Harshinie Karunarathna Orcid Logo, Dominic Reeve Orcid Logo

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DOI (Published version): 10.1002/2016jf003831

Abstract

Supraglacial lake drainage events are common on the Greenland ice sheet. Observations on the west coast typically show an up-glacier progression of drainage as the annual melt extent spreads inland. We use a suite of remote sensing and modeling techniques in order to study a series of lakes and wate...

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Published in: Journal of Geophysical Research: Earth Surface
ISSN: 2169-9003
Published: American Geophysical Union (AGU) 2016
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URI: https://cronfa.swan.ac.uk/Record/cronfa30225
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Observations on the west coast typically show an up-glacier progression of drainage as the annual melt extent spreads inland. We use a suite of remote sensing and modeling techniques in order to study a series of lakes and water-filled crevasses within 20 km of the terminus of Helheim Glacier, southeast Greenland. Automatic classification of surface water areas shows a down-glacier progression of drainage, which occurs in the majority of years between 2007 and 2014. We demonstrate that a linear elastic fracture mechanics model can reliably predict the drainage of the uppermost supraglacial lake in the system but cannot explain the pattern of filling and draining observed in areas of surface water downstream. We propose that the water levels in crevasses downstream of the supraglacial lake can be explained by a transient high-pressure wave passing through the subglacial system following the lake drainage. 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spelling 2022-11-03T10:56:03.6074897 v2 30225 2016-09-27 Annual down-glacier drainage of lakes and water-filled crevasses at Helheim Glacier, southeast Greenland 091bd9a7febbc7894e120e0dc38c999c Alistair Everett Alistair Everett true false 8d6e71df690e725cd44191006dac31da 0000-0001-6714-6512 Tavi Murray Tavi Murray true false 90050dc47e1d8e9e9d12f7d3f0dc459f 0000-0002-6557-1379 Nick Selmes Nick Selmes true false 008cb668b2671b653a88677f075799a9 0000-0002-9618-5905 Adrian Luckman Adrian Luckman true false 2f0b719495275d4a48ea1fa048047f37 Jonathan James Jonathan James true false 0d3d327a240d49b53c78e02b7c00e625 0000-0002-9087-3811 Harshinie Karunarathna Harshinie Karunarathna true false 3e76fcc2bb3cde4ddee2c8edfd2f0082 0000-0003-1293-4743 Dominic Reeve Dominic Reeve true false 2016-09-27 Supraglacial lake drainage events are common on the Greenland ice sheet. Observations on the west coast typically show an up-glacier progression of drainage as the annual melt extent spreads inland. We use a suite of remote sensing and modeling techniques in order to study a series of lakes and water-filled crevasses within 20 km of the terminus of Helheim Glacier, southeast Greenland. Automatic classification of surface water areas shows a down-glacier progression of drainage, which occurs in the majority of years between 2007 and 2014. We demonstrate that a linear elastic fracture mechanics model can reliably predict the drainage of the uppermost supraglacial lake in the system but cannot explain the pattern of filling and draining observed in areas of surface water downstream. We propose that the water levels in crevasses downstream of the supraglacial lake can be explained by a transient high-pressure wave passing through the subglacial system following the lake drainage. We support this hypothesis with analysis of the subglacial hydrological conditions, which can explain both the position and interannual variation in filling order of these crevasses. Similar behavior has been observed in association with jökulhaups, surging glaciers, and Antarctic subglacial lakes but has not previously been observed on major outlets of the Greenland ice sheet. Our results suggest that the behavior of near-terminus surface water may differ considerably from that of inland supraglacial lakes, with the potential for basal water pressures to influence the presence of surface water in crevasses close to the terminus of tidewater glaciers. Journal Article Journal of Geophysical Research: Earth Surface 121 10 1819 1833 American Geophysical Union (AGU) 2169-9003 Greenland ice sheet; subglacial hydrology; water-filled crevasses 1 10 2016 2016-10-01 10.1002/2016jf003831 COLLEGE NANME COLLEGE CODE Swansea University 2022-11-03T10:56:03.6074897 2016-09-27T11:23:19.0173372 Faculty of Science and Engineering School of Biosciences, Geography and Physics - Geography Alistair Everett 1 Tavi Murray 0000-0001-6714-6512 2 Nick Selmes 0000-0002-6557-1379 3 I. C. Rutt 4 Adrian Luckman 0000-0002-9618-5905 5 Jonathan James 6 C. Clason 7 M. O'Leary 8 Harshinie Karunarathna 0000-0002-9087-3811 9 V. Moloney 10 Dominic Reeve 0000-0003-1293-4743 11 0030225-18112016150907.pdf everett2016(3).pdf 2016-11-18T15:09:07.3900000 Output 4676847 application/pdf Version of Record true 2016-11-18T00:00:00.0000000 ©2016. The Authors. This is an open access article under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited true https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
title Annual down-glacier drainage of lakes and water-filled crevasses at Helheim Glacier, southeast Greenland
spellingShingle Annual down-glacier drainage of lakes and water-filled crevasses at Helheim Glacier, southeast Greenland
Alistair Everett
Tavi Murray
Nick Selmes
Adrian Luckman
Jonathan James
Harshinie Karunarathna
Dominic Reeve
title_short Annual down-glacier drainage of lakes and water-filled crevasses at Helheim Glacier, southeast Greenland
title_full Annual down-glacier drainage of lakes and water-filled crevasses at Helheim Glacier, southeast Greenland
title_fullStr Annual down-glacier drainage of lakes and water-filled crevasses at Helheim Glacier, southeast Greenland
title_full_unstemmed Annual down-glacier drainage of lakes and water-filled crevasses at Helheim Glacier, southeast Greenland
title_sort Annual down-glacier drainage of lakes and water-filled crevasses at Helheim Glacier, southeast Greenland
author_id_str_mv 091bd9a7febbc7894e120e0dc38c999c
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author_id_fullname_str_mv 091bd9a7febbc7894e120e0dc38c999c_***_Alistair Everett
8d6e71df690e725cd44191006dac31da_***_Tavi Murray
90050dc47e1d8e9e9d12f7d3f0dc459f_***_Nick Selmes
008cb668b2671b653a88677f075799a9_***_Adrian Luckman
2f0b719495275d4a48ea1fa048047f37_***_Jonathan James
0d3d327a240d49b53c78e02b7c00e625_***_Harshinie Karunarathna
3e76fcc2bb3cde4ddee2c8edfd2f0082_***_Dominic Reeve
author Alistair Everett
Tavi Murray
Nick Selmes
Adrian Luckman
Jonathan James
Harshinie Karunarathna
Dominic Reeve
author2 Alistair Everett
Tavi Murray
Nick Selmes
I. C. Rutt
Adrian Luckman
Jonathan James
C. Clason
M. O'Leary
Harshinie Karunarathna
V. Moloney
Dominic Reeve
format Journal article
container_title Journal of Geophysical Research: Earth Surface
container_volume 121
container_issue 10
container_start_page 1819
publishDate 2016
institution Swansea University
issn 2169-9003
doi_str_mv 10.1002/2016jf003831
publisher American Geophysical Union (AGU)
college_str Faculty of Science and Engineering
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hierarchy_top_id facultyofscienceandengineering
hierarchy_top_title Faculty of Science and Engineering
hierarchy_parent_id facultyofscienceandengineering
hierarchy_parent_title Faculty of Science and Engineering
department_str School of Biosciences, Geography and Physics - Geography{{{_:::_}}}Faculty of Science and Engineering{{{_:::_}}}School of Biosciences, Geography and Physics - Geography
document_store_str 1
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description Supraglacial lake drainage events are common on the Greenland ice sheet. Observations on the west coast typically show an up-glacier progression of drainage as the annual melt extent spreads inland. We use a suite of remote sensing and modeling techniques in order to study a series of lakes and water-filled crevasses within 20 km of the terminus of Helheim Glacier, southeast Greenland. Automatic classification of surface water areas shows a down-glacier progression of drainage, which occurs in the majority of years between 2007 and 2014. We demonstrate that a linear elastic fracture mechanics model can reliably predict the drainage of the uppermost supraglacial lake in the system but cannot explain the pattern of filling and draining observed in areas of surface water downstream. We propose that the water levels in crevasses downstream of the supraglacial lake can be explained by a transient high-pressure wave passing through the subglacial system following the lake drainage. We support this hypothesis with analysis of the subglacial hydrological conditions, which can explain both the position and interannual variation in filling order of these crevasses. Similar behavior has been observed in association with jökulhaups, surging glaciers, and Antarctic subglacial lakes but has not previously been observed on major outlets of the Greenland ice sheet. Our results suggest that the behavior of near-terminus surface water may differ considerably from that of inland supraglacial lakes, with the potential for basal water pressures to influence the presence of surface water in crevasses close to the terminus of tidewater glaciers.
published_date 2016-10-01T03:36:51Z
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