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Chlorophyll-a transformations associated with sinking diatoms during termination of a North Atlantic spring bloom

Nicole Bale, Ruth Airs, Patrick Martin, Richard Lampitt, Carole Llewellyn

Marine Chemistry, Volume: 172, Pages: 23 - 33

Swansea University Author: Carole Llewellyn

DOI (Published version): 10.1016/j.marchem.2015.03.005

Abstract

A research cruise in the North Atlantic during the annual diatom bloom provided an ideal platform to study chlorophyll-a (chl-a) transformations associated with a large scale diatom bloom and export below the photic zone. On one deployment, Lagrangian sediment traps captured a significant flux of ag...

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Published in: Marine Chemistry
Published: 2015
Online Access: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.marchem.2015.03.005
URI: https://cronfa.swan.ac.uk/Record/cronfa20538
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spelling 2015-10-05T11:22:39.6970455 v2 20538 2015-03-25 Chlorophyll-a transformations associated with sinking diatoms during termination of a North Atlantic spring bloom bcd94bda79ebf4c2c82d82dfb027a140 Carole Llewellyn Carole Llewellyn true false 2015-03-25 FGSEN A research cruise in the North Atlantic during the annual diatom bloom provided an ideal platform to study chlorophyll-a (chl-a) transformations associated with a large scale diatom bloom and export below the photic zone. On one deployment, Lagrangian sediment traps captured a significant flux of aggregated diatom cells produced during the termination of the main bloom. We examined the distribution of chl-a transformation products in sinking particles from the sediment traps and in suspended particles from the water column using high-resolution HPLC with multistage mass spectrometry (LC-MSn). There was a dramatic change in the distribution of chl-a and its transformation products between the pre-sinking period, when the average chl-a concentration integrated over the upper 50 m was 68 ± 36 mg m-2, and the post-sinking period, when it was 30 ± 11 mg m-2. Before the diatom bloom left the euphotic zone (pre-sinking), suspended particles contained a considerably higher percentage of pheophorbide-a and other chl-a transformation products (27%) than during the post-sinking period (10%). Despite high levels of spatial variability in the chl-a concentration, and despite sampling from both within and outside a main bloom patch, the chl-a transformation products in suspended particles did not exhibit spatial variability. Sinking particles associated with the diatom bloom export had low POC: chl-a ratios (52 - 97), suggesting undegraded phytoplankton cells. However, the samples with especially low POC: chl-a ratios exhibited similar distributions of chl-a transformation products to those with a higher ratio. The proportions of demetalated and de-esterified transformation products increased with depth of suspended particles, although significant levels of these products were also found in the uppermost 20 m during the bloom. This suggests processes in both surface waters and through the water column led to the formation of these products. Journal Article Marine Chemistry 172 23 33 Chlorophyll-a transformation products; Diatom bloom; Bloom termination; Sinking particles; Suspended particles; North Atlantic 31 12 2015 2015-12-31 10.1016/j.marchem.2015.03.005 http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.marchem.2015.03.005 A paper resulting from supervision (main supervisor) of a PhD student. The paper is important because it contributes to our knowledge of the carbon cycle and the transformation and sinking of carbon into the deep ocean. COLLEGE NANME Science and Engineering - Faculty COLLEGE CODE FGSEN Swansea University 2015-10-05T11:22:39.6970455 2015-03-25T16:59:16.0402286 Faculty of Science and Engineering School of Biosciences, Geography and Physics - Biosciences Nicole Bale 1 Ruth Airs 2 Patrick Martin 3 Richard Lampitt 4 Carole Llewellyn 5 0020538-05102015112230.pdf 1-s2.0-S0304420315000584-main.pdf 2015-10-05T11:22:30.8370000 Output 725344 application/pdf Enhanced Version of Record true 2015-10-01T00:00:00.0000000 false
title Chlorophyll-a transformations associated with sinking diatoms during termination of a North Atlantic spring bloom
spellingShingle Chlorophyll-a transformations associated with sinking diatoms during termination of a North Atlantic spring bloom
Carole Llewellyn
title_short Chlorophyll-a transformations associated with sinking diatoms during termination of a North Atlantic spring bloom
title_full Chlorophyll-a transformations associated with sinking diatoms during termination of a North Atlantic spring bloom
title_fullStr Chlorophyll-a transformations associated with sinking diatoms during termination of a North Atlantic spring bloom
title_full_unstemmed Chlorophyll-a transformations associated with sinking diatoms during termination of a North Atlantic spring bloom
title_sort Chlorophyll-a transformations associated with sinking diatoms during termination of a North Atlantic spring bloom
author_id_str_mv bcd94bda79ebf4c2c82d82dfb027a140
author_id_fullname_str_mv bcd94bda79ebf4c2c82d82dfb027a140_***_Carole Llewellyn
author Carole Llewellyn
author2 Nicole Bale
Ruth Airs
Patrick Martin
Richard Lampitt
Carole Llewellyn
format Journal article
container_title Marine Chemistry
container_volume 172
container_start_page 23
publishDate 2015
institution Swansea University
doi_str_mv 10.1016/j.marchem.2015.03.005
college_str Faculty of Science and Engineering
hierarchytype
hierarchy_top_id facultyofscienceandengineering
hierarchy_top_title Faculty of Science and Engineering
hierarchy_parent_id facultyofscienceandengineering
hierarchy_parent_title Faculty of Science and Engineering
department_str School of Biosciences, Geography and Physics - Biosciences{{{_:::_}}}Faculty of Science and Engineering{{{_:::_}}}School of Biosciences, Geography and Physics - Biosciences
url http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.marchem.2015.03.005
document_store_str 1
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description A research cruise in the North Atlantic during the annual diatom bloom provided an ideal platform to study chlorophyll-a (chl-a) transformations associated with a large scale diatom bloom and export below the photic zone. On one deployment, Lagrangian sediment traps captured a significant flux of aggregated diatom cells produced during the termination of the main bloom. We examined the distribution of chl-a transformation products in sinking particles from the sediment traps and in suspended particles from the water column using high-resolution HPLC with multistage mass spectrometry (LC-MSn). There was a dramatic change in the distribution of chl-a and its transformation products between the pre-sinking period, when the average chl-a concentration integrated over the upper 50 m was 68 ± 36 mg m-2, and the post-sinking period, when it was 30 ± 11 mg m-2. Before the diatom bloom left the euphotic zone (pre-sinking), suspended particles contained a considerably higher percentage of pheophorbide-a and other chl-a transformation products (27%) than during the post-sinking period (10%). Despite high levels of spatial variability in the chl-a concentration, and despite sampling from both within and outside a main bloom patch, the chl-a transformation products in suspended particles did not exhibit spatial variability. Sinking particles associated with the diatom bloom export had low POC: chl-a ratios (52 - 97), suggesting undegraded phytoplankton cells. However, the samples with especially low POC: chl-a ratios exhibited similar distributions of chl-a transformation products to those with a higher ratio. The proportions of demetalated and de-esterified transformation products increased with depth of suspended particles, although significant levels of these products were also found in the uppermost 20 m during the bloom. This suggests processes in both surface waters and through the water column led to the formation of these products.
published_date 2015-12-31T03:24:19Z
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