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Functional differences between alien and native species: do biotic interactions determine the functional structure of highly invaded grasslands?

Nicolas Gross, Luca Borger Orcid Logo, Richard P Duncan, Philip E Hulme, Scott Wilson

Functional Ecology, Volume: 27, Issue: 5, Pages: 1262 - 1272

Swansea University Author: Luca Borger Orcid Logo

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DOI (Published version): 10.1111/1365-2435.12120

Abstract

1. Although observed functional differences between alien and native plant species support the idea that invasions are favoured by niche differentiation (ND), when considering invasions along large ecological gradients, habitat filtering (HF) has been proposed to constrain alien species such that th...

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Published in: Functional Ecology
Published: 2013
URI: https://cronfa.swan.ac.uk/Record/cronfa16629
first_indexed 2013-12-15T03:02:50Z
last_indexed 2021-09-08T02:29:12Z
id cronfa16629
recordtype SURis
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spelling 2021-09-07T17:50:10.9899600 v2 16629 2013-12-14 Functional differences between alien and native species: do biotic interactions determine the functional structure of highly invaded grasslands? 8416d0ffc3cccdad6e6d67a455e7c4a2 0000-0001-8763-5997 Luca Borger Luca Borger true false 2013-12-14 BGPS 1. Although observed functional differences between alien and native plant species support the idea that invasions are favoured by niche differentiation (ND), when considering invasions along large ecological gradients, habitat filtering (HF) has been proposed to constrain alien species such that they exhibit similar trait values to natives. 2. To reconcile these contrasting observations, we used a multi-scale approach using plant functional traits to evaluate how biotic interactions with native species and grazing might determine the functional structure of highly invaded grasslands along an elevation gradient in New Zealand. 3. At a regional scale, functional differences between alien and native plant species translated into non-random community assembly and high ND. Alien and native species showed contrasting responses to elevation and the degree of ND between them decreased as elevation increased, suggesting a role for HF. At the plant-neighbourhood scale, species with contrasting traits were generally spatially segregated, highlighting the impact of biotic interactions in structuring local plant communities. A confirmatory multilevel path analysis showed that the effect of elevation and grazing were moderated by the presence of native species, which in turn influenced the local abundance of alien species. 4. Our study showed that functional differences between aliens and natives are fundamental to understand the interplay between multiple mechanisms driving alien species success and their coexistence with natives. In particular, the success of alien species is driven by the presence of native species which can have a negative (biotic resistance) or a positive (facilitation) effect depending on the functional identity of alien species. Journal Article Functional Ecology 27 5 1262 1272 biological invasions;community assembly;competition;exotic;facilitation;habitat filtering;niche differentiation;plant functional traits;weed 1 10 2013 2013-10-01 10.1111/1365-2435.12120 COLLEGE NANME Biosciences Geography and Physics School COLLEGE CODE BGPS Swansea University 2021-09-07T17:50:10.9899600 2013-12-14T01:40:02.4200610 Faculty of Science and Engineering School of Biosciences, Geography and Physics - Biosciences Nicolas Gross 1 Luca Borger 0000-0001-8763-5997 2 Richard P Duncan 3 Philip E Hulme 4 Scott Wilson 5
title Functional differences between alien and native species: do biotic interactions determine the functional structure of highly invaded grasslands?
spellingShingle Functional differences between alien and native species: do biotic interactions determine the functional structure of highly invaded grasslands?
Luca Borger
title_short Functional differences between alien and native species: do biotic interactions determine the functional structure of highly invaded grasslands?
title_full Functional differences between alien and native species: do biotic interactions determine the functional structure of highly invaded grasslands?
title_fullStr Functional differences between alien and native species: do biotic interactions determine the functional structure of highly invaded grasslands?
title_full_unstemmed Functional differences between alien and native species: do biotic interactions determine the functional structure of highly invaded grasslands?
title_sort Functional differences between alien and native species: do biotic interactions determine the functional structure of highly invaded grasslands?
author_id_str_mv 8416d0ffc3cccdad6e6d67a455e7c4a2
author_id_fullname_str_mv 8416d0ffc3cccdad6e6d67a455e7c4a2_***_Luca Borger
author Luca Borger
author2 Nicolas Gross
Luca Borger
Richard P Duncan
Philip E Hulme
Scott Wilson
format Journal article
container_title Functional Ecology
container_volume 27
container_issue 5
container_start_page 1262
publishDate 2013
institution Swansea University
doi_str_mv 10.1111/1365-2435.12120
college_str Faculty of Science and Engineering
hierarchytype
hierarchy_top_id facultyofscienceandengineering
hierarchy_top_title Faculty of Science and Engineering
hierarchy_parent_id facultyofscienceandengineering
hierarchy_parent_title Faculty of Science and Engineering
department_str School of Biosciences, Geography and Physics - Biosciences{{{_:::_}}}Faculty of Science and Engineering{{{_:::_}}}School of Biosciences, Geography and Physics - Biosciences
document_store_str 0
active_str 0
description 1. Although observed functional differences between alien and native plant species support the idea that invasions are favoured by niche differentiation (ND), when considering invasions along large ecological gradients, habitat filtering (HF) has been proposed to constrain alien species such that they exhibit similar trait values to natives. 2. To reconcile these contrasting observations, we used a multi-scale approach using plant functional traits to evaluate how biotic interactions with native species and grazing might determine the functional structure of highly invaded grasslands along an elevation gradient in New Zealand. 3. At a regional scale, functional differences between alien and native plant species translated into non-random community assembly and high ND. Alien and native species showed contrasting responses to elevation and the degree of ND between them decreased as elevation increased, suggesting a role for HF. At the plant-neighbourhood scale, species with contrasting traits were generally spatially segregated, highlighting the impact of biotic interactions in structuring local plant communities. A confirmatory multilevel path analysis showed that the effect of elevation and grazing were moderated by the presence of native species, which in turn influenced the local abundance of alien species. 4. Our study showed that functional differences between aliens and natives are fundamental to understand the interplay between multiple mechanisms driving alien species success and their coexistence with natives. In particular, the success of alien species is driven by the presence of native species which can have a negative (biotic resistance) or a positive (facilitation) effect depending on the functional identity of alien species.
published_date 2013-10-01T18:30:46Z
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score 11.04748

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